mysqlbackup

Posted 2020-07-15 蒋乐兴的技术随笔

mysqlbackup 使用学习
1、设置数据库用户的相关权限

create user [email protected]‘127.0.0.1‘ identified by ‘1234567890‘;
grant reload,replication client,super,process on *.* to [email protected]‘127.0.0.1‘;
grant create,insert,drop,update on mysql.backup_progress to [email protected]‘127.0.0.1‘;
grant create,insert,select,drop,update on mysql.backup_history to [email protected]‘127.0.0.1‘;
grant lock tables,select,create,alter on *.* to [email protected]‘127.0.0.1‘;
grant create,insert,drop,update on mysql.backup_sbt_history to [email protected]‘127.0.0.1‘;

create user [email protected]‘localhost‘ identified by ‘1234567890‘;
grant reload,replication client,super,process on *.* to [email protected]‘localhost‘;
grant create,insert,drop,update on mysql.backup_progress to [email protected]‘localhost‘;
grant create,insert,select,drop,update on mysql.backup_history to [email protected]‘localhost‘;
grant lock tables,select,create,alter on *.* to [email protected]‘localhost‘;
grant create,insert,drop,update on mysql.backup_sbt_history to [email protected]‘localhost‘;

2、backup-dir

　　可以看成是临时目录，备份期间mysqlbackup会向它写入一些数据

3、一个典型的mysqlbackup工作周期包涵
　　1：备份
　　2：校验
　　3：还原

4、mysqlbackup 备份整个mysql实例

mysqlbackup --host=127.0.0.1 --port=3306 --user=backupuser --password=1234567890 --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp --backup-image=/root/backup/full_backup.mbi backup-to-image

　　1：--backup-dir 临时目录在mysqlbackup执行备份时会向它里面写一些数据，但是备份完成之后mysqlbackup并没有自动的去删除它；如果下次再执行上面相同的命令，

　　会因为backup-dir不为空而失败，所以在执行备份之前要保证这个目录是空的。

5、校验备份

mysqlbackup --backup-image=/root/backup/full_backup.mbi validate

6、还原备份

mysqlbackup --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --backup-image=/root/backup/full_backup.mbi --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp copy-back-and-apply-log

7、一些mysqlbackup的高级玩法

　　1:流式的备份到stdout

mysqlbackup --host=127.0.0.1 --port=3306 --user=backupuser --password=1234567890 --backup-image=- --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp backup-to-image >/tmp/3306.mbi

　　2:校验一个流式备份

mysqlbackup --backup-image=/tmp/3306.mbi validate

　　3:还原备份

mysqlbackup --host=127.0.0.1 --port=3306 --user=backupuser --password=1234567890 --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp --backup-image=/tmp/3306.mbi copy-back-and-apply-log

8、把一个单文件的备份转换为文件夹的备份

mysqlbackup --backup-image=/tmp/3306.mbi --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp/ image-to-backup-dir

9、把一个文件夹的备份转换成单一文件的备份

mysqlbackup --backup-image=/tmp/3306.mbi --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp/ backup-dir-to-image

10、查看单文件备份中所包涵的内容

mysqlbackup --backup-image=/tmp/3306.mbi list-image

11、抽取单文件中的内容到当前目录

mysqlbackup --backup-image=/tmp/3306.mbi extract

12、从单文件备份中抽取指定文件(文件的路径可以由list-image看到，) extract

mysqlbackup --backup-image=/tmp/3306.mbi --src-entry=server-all.cnf extract

13、备份时压缩 --compress --compress-level

mysqlbackup --host=127.0.0.1 --port=3306 --user=backupuser --password=1234567890 --compress --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp --backup-image=/tmp/full_backup.mbi backup-to-image 

经过测试当前环境的压缩比大概是8/1 也就是说备份文件只是之前的1/8大小

14、用一个压缩的备份还原数据库 --uncompress

mysqlbackup --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --backup-image=/tmp/full_backup.mbi --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp --uncompress copy-back-and-apply-log

15、演示一个全备加增备的还原过程

mysqlbackup --host=127.0.0.1 --port=3306 --user=backupuser --password=1234567890 --backup-image=/tmp/full.mbi --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp/ backup-to-image
rm -rf /tmp/backup_temp/*
mysqlbackup --incremental --incremental-base=history:last_backup --backup-dir=/tmp/backup_temp/ --backup-image=/tmp/incremental.mbi backup-to-image
rm -rf /tmp/backup_temp/*
cd /tmp/full/
mysqlbackup --backup-image=/tmp/full.mbi extract
cd /tmp/incremental/
mysqlbackup --backup-image=/tmp/incremental.mbi extract
mysqlbackup --backup-dir=/tmp/full apply-log
mysqlbackup --backup-dir=/tmp/full --incremental-backup-dir=/tmp/incremental apply-incremental-backup
mysqlbackup --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --backup-dir=/tmp/full copy-back