Flask框架之数据库迁移集成到Script中

Posted 2020-11-26 chao666

1. 安装migrate模块

pip install flask_migrate

2. 创建manage对象，并接管app和db对象

manager = Manager(app, db) 

3. 将数据库迁移操作集成到script中

manager.add_command(‘db‘, MigrateCommand)

案例代码：

from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_script import Manager
from flask_migrate import Migrate, MigrateCommand

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config[‘SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI‘]=‘mysql://root:mysql@127.0.0.1:3306/flask_01‘

manager = Manager(app)

db = SQLAlchemy(app)

migrate = Migrate(app, db)

# 使用migrate集成到script
manager.add_command(‘db‘, MigrateCommand)


class Book(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=True)
    hero_set = db.relationship(‘Hero‘, backref=‘book‘, lazy=‘dynamic‘)


class Hero(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=True)
    book_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(‘book.id‘))


@app.route(‘/‘)
def index():
    return ‘index‘

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    manager.run()

使用shell脚本执行数据库迁移

1. 创建makemigrations文件夹，及其相关文件。

python 文件名 init

2. 创建数据库迁移文件

python 文件名 migrate

3. 执行迁移文件

python 文件名 upgrade