mysqldunp增量恢复过程及详解
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mysql增量恢复必备条件
1.开启mysql log-bin日志功能
MySQL数据库开启了log-bin 参数记录binlog日志功能下：
小结：增量恢复的条件：
存在一份全备加上全备之后的时刻到出问题时刻的所有增量binlog文件备份。
创建模拟环境
[[email protected] 3306]# grep log-bin /data/3306/my.cnf
log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin
[[email protected] 3306]#
mkdir -p /server/backup/
备份全量数据数据
[[email protected] backup]# mysqldump -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -B -F -R -x --master-data=2
test |gzip >/server/backup/test_$(date +%F).sql.gz
(X与x区别：X为导出xml格式文件 x锁表，笔者在这坑了很久，告请大家值得注意）
[[email protected] backup]# ls
test_2017-05-23.sql.gz
[[email protected] backup]#
插入新增数据数据
mysql> select * from cc;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 1 | cc1 |
| 2 | cc2 |
+----+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into cc values(3,‘xuexue‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into cc values(4,‘chenpeng‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into cc values(5,‘zhangya‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from cc;
+----+----------+
| id | name |
+----+----------+
| 1 | cc1 |
| 2 | cc2 |
| 3 | xuexue |
| 4 | chenpeng |
| 5 | zhangya |
+----+----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
模拟更改时间删除数据
[[email protected] backup]# date -s ‘2017/5/23 10:00:00‘
Tue May 23 10:00:00 CST 2017
[[email protected] backup]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 23
Server version: 5.6.34-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> drop database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| cc2 |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
发现错误查看binlog文件 如果不知binlog文件是哪个 可采取以下措施
[[email protected] backup]# gzip -d test_2017-05-23.sql.gz
[[email protected] backup]# grep CHANGE test_2017-05-23.sql.gz
[[email protected] backup]# grep CHANGE test_2017-05-23.sql
-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000027‘, MASTER_LOG_POS=120;
[[email protected] backup]#
故障之后一定要将binlog拿走 要不会写入增量备份的sql
增量备份条件需要全备与增备 条件具备才可以玩 将增量备份拷入backup目录下:
[[email protected] backup]# cp /data/3306/mysql-bin.000027 .
[[email protected] backup]# ls
mysql-bin.000027 test_2017-05-23.sql
由于数据库没了 新生成的binlog也不会写入 可以对新生成的binlog不进行关注
生成binlog备份 注意binlog顺序
[[email protected] backup]# mysqlbinlog -d test mysql-bin.000027 >27bin.sql （如有很多可以列在后面，太多的话可以采用匹配的方式）
[[email protected] backup]# ls
27bin.sql test_2017-05-23.sql
mysql-bin.000027 test_2017-05-24.sql.gz
[[email protected] backup]#
[[email protected] backup]# vim 27bin.sql
[[email protected] backup]#
删除里面drop语句 如果不删除 又恢复到删除前状态
恢复过程
先恢复全备
mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock <test_2017-05-23.sql
mysql> select * from cc;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 1 | cc1 |
| 2 | cc2 |
+----+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
再恢复增倍
mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock <mysql-bin.000027
mysql> select * from cc;
+----+----------+
| id | name |
+----+----------+
| 1 | cc1 |
| 2 | cc2 |
| 3 | xuexue |
| 4 | chenpeng |
| 5 | zhangya |
+----+----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
至此增量备份完成
Mysqldump重要参数！
-B 导出建表语句 备份多个库
-A 备份所有的数据库
--master-data={1|2} 添加一条语句，change master
刷新binlog
-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000010‘, MASTER_LOG_POS=1137;
single-transaction 在备份时间 会增加一个新的进程 将备份期间写入库的内容放到新日志里，备份结束后再写入
innodb的引擎支持
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