Oracle详解Oracle中NLS_LANG变量的使用
Posted
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了Oracle详解Oracle中NLS_LANG变量的使用相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
目录结构:
1,关于NLS_LANG参数
Oracle provides Globalization Support that enables users to interact with a database in their own language, as defined by the NLS_LANG
parameter. When you install Oracle Database Client components, Oracle Universal Installer sets the NLS_LANG
parameter in the registry.
The locale setting of your operating system determines the value of the NLS_LANG
parameter at installation. Table C-1 lists the operating system locale and NLS_LANG
value mappings.
The NLS_LANG
parameter is stored in the registry under the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\HOME
ID
\NLS_LANG
subkey, where ID
is the unique number identifying the Oracle home.
The NLS_LANG
parameter uses the following format:
NLS_LANG = LANGUAGE_TERRITORY.CHARACTER_SET
Oracle提供全球化的支持,通过定义NLS_LANG参数能够让用户用他们自己的语言使用数据库。当安装Oracle数据库客户端的时候,安装程序通常会在注册表中设置NLS_LANG参数。
在安装中,操作系统的区域设置会决定NLS_LANG参数的值。表C-1列出了操作系统区域和NLS_LANG的对照表。
NLS_LANG参数被存储在注册表中的HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\HOMEID\NLS_LANG子项下,其中ID是识别Oracle home的唯一数字。
NLS_LANG参数使用如下的格式:
NLS_LANG = LANGUAGE_TERRITORY.CHARACTER_SET
where:
Parameter | Description |
---|---|
LANGUAGE |
Specifies the language and conventions for displaying messages, day name, and month name. |
TERRITORY |
Specifies the territory and conventions for calculating week and day numbers. |
CHARACTER_SET |
Controls the character set used for displaying messages. |
2 NSL_LANG常用的值
Table C-1 lists commonly used NLS_LANG
values for various operating system locales:
Table C-1 NLS_LANG Parameter Values
Operating System Locale | NLS_LANG Value |
---|---|
Arabic (U.A.E.) | ARABIC_UNITED ARAB EMIRATES.AR8MSWIN1256 |
Bulgarian | BULGARIAN_BULGARIA.CL8MSWIN1251 |
Catalan | CATALAN_CATALONIA.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Chinese (PRC) | SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK |
Chinese (Taiwan) | TRADITIONAL CHINESE_TAIWAN.ZHT16MSWIN950 |
Croatian | CROATIAN_CROATIA.EE8MSWIN1250 |
Czech | CZECH_CZECH REPUBLIC.EE8MSWIN1250 |
Danish | DANISH_DENMARK.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Dutch (Netherlands) | DUTCH_THE NETHERLANDS.WE8MSWIN1252 |
English (United Kingdom) | ENGLISH_UNITED KINGDOM.WE8MSWIN1252 |
English (United States) | AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Estonian | ESTONIAN_ESTONIA.BLT8MSWIN1257 |
Finnish | FINNISH_FINLAND.WE8MSWIN1252 |
French (Canada) | CANADIAN FRENCH_CANADA.WE8MSWIN1252 |
French (France) | FRENCH_FRANCE.WE8MSWIN1252 |
German (Germany) | GERMAN_GERMANY.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Greek | GREEK_GREECE.EL8MSWIN1253 |
Hebrew | HEBREW_ISRAEL.IW8MSWIN1255 |
Hungarian | HUNGARIAN_HUNGARY.EE8MSWIN1250 |
Icelandic | ICELANDIC_ICELAND.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Indonesian | INDONESIAN_INDONESIA.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Italian (Italy) | ITALIAN_ITALY.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Japanese | JAPANESE_JAPAN.JA16SJIS |
Korean | KOREAN_KOREA.KO16MSWIN949 |
Latvian | LATVIAN_LATVIA .BLT8MSWIN1257 |
Lithuanian | LITHUANIAN_LITHUANIA.BLT8MSWIN1257 |
Norwegian | NORWEGIAN_NORWAY.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Polish | POLISH_POLAND.EE8MSWIN1250 |
Portuguese (Brazil) | BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE_BRAZIL.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Portuguese (Portugal) | PORTUGUESE_PORTUGAL.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Romanian | ROMANIAN_ROMANIA.EE8MSWIN1250 |
Russian | RUSSIAN_CIS.CL8MSWIN1251 |
Slovak | SLOVAK_SLOVAKIA.EE8MSWIN1250 |
Spanish (Spain) | SPANISH_SPAIN.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Swedish | SWEDISH_SWEDEN.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Thai | THAI_THAILAND.TH8TISASCII |
Spanish (Mexico) | MEXICAN SPANISH_MEXICO.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Spanish (Venezuela) | LATIN AMERICAN SPANISH_VENEZUELA.WE8MSWIN1252 |
Turkish | TURKISH_TURKEY.TR8MSWIN1254 |
Ukrainian | UKRAINIAN_UKRAINE.CL8MSWIN1251 |
Vietnamese | VIETNAMESE_VIETNAM.VN8MSWIN1258 |
3 在MS-DOS模式和Batch模式中设置NLS_LANG
Before you can use Oracle utilities such as SQL*Plus, SQL Loader, Import, and Export in MS-DOS mode, make sure that you have set the character set field of the NLS_LANG
parameter for the session to the correct value.
This is required because MS-DOS mode uses, with a few exceptions, a different character set (or code-page) from Windows (ANSI code-page), and the default Oracle home NLS_LANG
parameter in the registry is always set to the appropriate Windows code-page. If you do not set the NLS_LANG
parameter for the MS-DOS mode session correctly, incorrect character conversion can corrupt error messages and data.
For Japanese, Korean, Simplified Chinese, and Traditional Chinese, the MS-DOS code-page is identical to the ANSI code-page. In this case, you do not need to set the NLS_LANG
parameter in MS-DOS mode.
Similarly, in batch mode, set the correct character set value of NLS_LANG
by inserting a SET
NLS_LANG
command at the start of the batch procedure, according to the character set of the files to be processed in the procedure.
在你使用Oracle应用之前,比如在MS-DOS模式中使用SQL*Plus,SQL Loader,Import,和Export,确保你已经在本次会话中正确的设置了字符集属性和NLS_LANG参数属性。
这是必须的,因为MS-DOS模式的使用会带有一些的来着Windows(ANSI code-page)的不同字符集设置的异常,在注册表中默认的Oracle home NLS_LANG参数总是会被设置成适合Windows code-page的值。
如果你在MS-DOS模式中不正确的设置NLS_LANG参数的值,那么错误的字符转换将会损坏信息和数据。
对于日文,韩文,简体中文和繁体中文,MS—DOS code-page 和ANSI code-page的值一样。在这种情况下,你不需要在MS-DOS模式中设置NLS_LANG参数的值。
同样的,在Batch模式中,根据程序运行过程中被处理的文件字符,通过插入SET LANG_LANG 命令设置正确的NLS_LANG值。
Table C-2 lists the Oracle character sets that correspond to the MS-DOS mode for various operating system locales:
Table C-2 Oracle Character Sets for Operating System Locales
Operating System Locale | Character Set |
---|---|
Catalan | WE8PC850 |
Chinese (PRC) | ZHS16GBK |
Chinese (Taiwan) | ZHT16MSWIN950 |
Czech | EE8PC852 |
Danish | WE8PC850 |
Dutch | WE8PC850 |
English (United Kingdom) | WE8PC850 |
English (United States) | US8PC437 |
Finnish | WE8PC850 |
French | WE8PC850 |
German | WE8PC850 |
Greek | EL8PC737 |
Hungarian | EE8PC852 |
Italian | WE8PC850 |
Japanese | JA16SJIS |
Korean | KO16MSWIN949 |
Norwegian | WE8PC850 |
Polish | EE8PC852 |
Portuguese | WE8PC850 |
Romanian | EE8PC852 |
Russian | RU8PC866 |
Slovak | EE8PC852 |
Slovenian | EE8PC852 |
Spanish | WE8PC850 |
Swedish | WE8PC850 |
Turkish | TR8PC857 |
Catalan | WE8PC850 |
4,注册表中NLS_LANG和系统环境变量中的NLS_LANG
当用户安装好Oracle客户端后会在注册表中出现NLS_LANG的注册信息,在操作系统的环境变量中用户也可以设置自己的NLS_LANG的值。
但是需要注意:
注册表中的NLS_LANG是用于对应Oracle数据库与windows 的code-page值的,这个值是在安装的过程中自动添加的,一般不要去修改,如果修改后NLS_LANG的值与code-page的值不对应的话,会出现不同字符的异常。
系统环境变脸中NLS_LANG是用于对应Oracle数据显示的,这个值在安装完成后可能会有,也可能没有,是可以修改的,如果希望以中文显示则修改为 NLS_LANG=SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK ,也可以是英文的 NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8 ,建议在使用Oracle数据库之间将这里的NLS_LANG设置为英文显示。
5,参考文章
C Oracle Database Client Globalization Support
!-->!-->!-->!-->![CDATA[ function>以上是关于Oracle详解Oracle中NLS_LANG变量的使用的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章