如何在Fragment中使用Actionbar-Android开发问答

Posted 2023-05-10

Actionbar是Activity的东西，Fragment是运行在Activity中的碎片，要使用actionBar要通过getActivity来处理、。
1.Fragment是android3.0引入的新控件，果应用使用在3.0以下、1.6及以上的版本，需要引入v4包。
2.Fragment支持在不同的Activity中使用并且可以处理自己的输入事件以及生命周期方法等。
3.Fr期方法依赖于Activity的生命周期，例如一个Activity的onPause()的生命周期方法被调用的时候这个Activity中的所有的Fragment的onPause()方法也将被调用。
4.FragmentManager提供了对Activity运行时的Fragment的添加、删除、替换的操作。在Activity运行期间可以添加Fragment而不是在XML布局文件中进行定义。如果打算在Activity中改变Fragment的生命过程。如果要执行添加、删除、修改的操作，必须通过FragmentManager的对象获得一个FragmentTransaction对象，通过它的API来执行这些操作。
5.两个单独的Fragment之间是不应该进行通信的。应该使用所存在的Activity作为沟通的纽带。 参考技术A Actionbar是依附在Activity上的，你如果要使用actionbar，要确保对应的Activity有Actionbar，然后getActivity().getActionBar();

也可以用toolbar代替actionbar;本回答被提问者和网友采纳

如何在 Fragment 上使用 MaterialSearchView

【中文标题】如何在 Fragment 上使用 MaterialSearchView

【英文标题】：How to use MaterialSearchView On Fragment

【发布时间】：2017-06-01 15:05:02

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试在片段中添加带有自定义工具栏的MaterialSearchView。

所以我首先为它创建了 xml 布局。

search_view.xml

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_
    android:layout_>

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/toolbar_container"
        android:layout_
        android:layout_>

        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbar2"
            android:layout_
            android:layout_
            android:background="@color/colorAccent"/>
        <com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView
            android:id="@+id/search_view"
            android:layout_
            android:layout_ />
    </FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>

然后我添加了菜单项..

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
        <item android:id="@+id/action_search"
            android:title="@string/app_name"
            android:icon="@drawable/ic_action_action_search"
            app:showAsAction="collapseActionView|ifRoom"
            />
    </menu>

然后在片段类中我添加了自定义操作栏。经过测试，代码运行良好。但是当我添加 MaterialSearchView .. 应用程序停止响应..

这是我的java代码..

    public class searchView extends Fragment

        Toolbar search;
        MaterialSearchView search_view;
        @Nullable
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) 
            View v =  inflater.inflate(R.layout.search_view,container,false);
            LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) inflater.inflate(R.layout.search_view, container, false);

           search = (Toolbar)layout.findViewById(R.id.toolbar2);
            ((AppCompatActivity) getActivity()).setSupportActionBar(search);
            ((AppCompatActivity) getActivity()).getSupportActionBar().setTitle("Contacts");

            return v;
        

        @Override
        public void onCreateOptionsMenu (Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater)  

            inflater.inflate(R.menu.search,menu);
            super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
            search_view = (MaterialSearchView) getView().findViewById(R.id.search_view);
            final MenuItem item = menu.findItem(R.id.action_search);
            search_view.setMenuItem(item);
        
    

完整的错误日志是如此之大..所以这里是一些部分

   01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:426)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView.initiateView(MaterialSearchView.java:143)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView.<init>(MaterialSearchView.java:93)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView.<init>(MaterialSearchView.java:85)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance0!(Native method)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:430)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:645)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:787)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:727)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:858)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:821)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:861)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:821)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:518)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   - locked <0x0cb4b03a> (a java.lang.Object[])
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:426)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView.initiateView(MaterialSearchView.java:143)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView.<init>(MaterialSearchView.java:93)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView.<init>(MaterialSearchView.java:85)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance0!(Native method)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:430)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:645)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:787)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:727)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:858)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:821)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:861)
    01-17 19:46:57.968 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:821)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:518)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   - locked <0x0cb4b03a> (a java.lang.Object[])
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:426)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView.initiateView(MaterialSearchView.java:143)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView.<init>(MaterialSearchView.java:93)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView.<init>(MaterialSearchView.java:85)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance0!(Native method)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:430)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:645)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:787)
    01-17 19:46:57.969 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:422]   at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:727)
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:427]   Summary:
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:427]       503 of com.miguelcatalan.materialsearchview.MaterialSearchView (503 unique instances)
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:427]         1 of java.lang.ClassNotFoundException
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:427]         1 of java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:427]         4 of java.lang.String (4 unique instances)
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:427]         2 of java.lang.Class (2 unique instances)
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:427]         1 of java.lang.String[] (4 elements)
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:427] 
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/art: art/runtime/runtime.cc:427] 
01-17 19:46:58.178 17920-17920/? A/libc: Fatal signal 6 (SIGABRT), code -6 in tid 17920 (buckydroid.chat)

                                         [ 01-17 19:46:58.178   357:  357 W/         ]
                                         debuggerd: handling request: pid=17920 uid=10147 gid=10147 tid=17920

谢谢你..

【参考方案1】：

遇到了同样的问题。改变

 search_view = (MaterialSearchView) getView().findViewById(R.id.search_view);

到

 search_view = (MaterialSearchView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.search_view);

以我的代码为例

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) 
    // Inflate the layout for this fragment
    setHasOptionsMenu(true);
    view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_stock, container, false);
    return view;


@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) 
        super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
        MaterialSearchView searchView = (MaterialSearchView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.search_view);
        final MenuItem item = menu.findItem(R.id.action_search);
        searchView.setMenuItem(item);

【参考方案2】：

您需要像这样在 Fragment 中添加setHasOptionsMenu：

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setHasOptionsMenu(true);

【讨论】：

还添加了错误日志..它太大了...所以我可以添加它的一部分