Kali的源得数字验证问题

Posted 2020-11-19 haozheyu

装上之后第一件事就是执行apt-get update && apt-get upgrade，结果却出现了这样的错误

我添加的是中科大的更新源，在浏览器中是可以正常打开的：

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib  

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#中科大

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

 

#阿里云

#deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

 

#清华大学

#deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

 

#浙大

#deb http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#deb-src http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

 

#东软大学

#deb http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib

 

#官方源

#deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

 

#重庆大学

#deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

可是添加到 /etc/apt/source.list之后，执行apt-update就会出现上面的错误提示

在多方搜索无果之后，我决定静下心来认真阅读一下kali中提供的文档，根据上面的提示， 我查看了apt-secure(8)——>命令man 8 apt-secure

DESCRIPTION

       Starting with version 0.6, APT contains code that does signature

       checking of the Release file for all repositories. This ensures that

       data like packages in the archive can‘t be modified by people who have

       no access to the Release file signing key. Starting with version 1.1

       APT requires repositories to provide recent authentication information

       for unimpeded usage of the repository. Since version 1.5 changes in the

       information contained in the Release file about the repository need to

       be confirmed before APT continues to apply updates from this

       repository.

 

       Note: All APT-based package management front-ends like apt-get(8),

       aptitude(8) and synaptic(8) support this authentication feature, so

       this manpage uses APT to refer to them all for simplicity only.

首先阅读一下apt-secure的描述，读完之后我们可以知道，之所以一直更新不成功，是因为没有签名或者是有签名但是apt没有对应的key的package是不被信任的，安全起见，默认是不会采用这种源来进行更新的

继续往下阅读

UNSIGNED REPOSITORIES

       If an archive has an unsigned Release file or no Release file at all

       current APT versions will refuse to download data from them by default

       in update operations and even if forced to download front-ends like

       apt-get(8) will require explicit confirmation if an installation

       request includes a package from such an unauthenticated archive.

 

       You can force all APT clients to raise only warnings by setting the

       configuration option Acquire::AllowInsecureRepositories to true.

       Individual repositories can also be allowed to be insecure via the

       sources.list(5) option allow-insecure=yes. Note that insecure

       repositories are strongly discouraged and all options to force apt to

       continue supporting them will eventually be removed. Users also have

       the Trusted option available to disable even the warnings, but be sure

       to understand the implications as detailed in sources.list(5).

第二段的标题正是没有签名的仓库，这正是我们需要的说明
You can force all APT clients to raise only warnings by setting the
configuration option Acquire::AllowInsecureRepositories to true.

这句话就是解决问题的关键，虽然国内的源没有签名，或者签名过期（失效），但是我们可以强制apt进行更新，忽略仓库的安全性，而想要达到这个目的，我们就需要对APT的配置文件进行修改
我搜索了apt.conf这个关键字，但相关网页都是英文的，硬着头皮读完之后发现我的kali中并没有apt.conf文件，在我的/etc/apt目录下，只有一个apt.conf.d目录，cd进该目录：

那么多配置文件，我也不知道到底该改哪一个，然后又去百度了一会儿，看到了这篇文章
https://wiki.debian.org/AptConf

然后我就抱着试一试的心态打开了70debconf文件，按照前面man文档的指导，在里面输入了Acquire::AllowInsecureRepositories “true”;
然后执行apt-config dump，查看apt的对应配置有无生效

Acquire::AllowInsecureRepositories的属性值由最初的”0”变成了”true”
说明更改配置成功，然后赶紧敲入apt-get update && apt-get upgrade