关于iOS9中的App Transport Security相关说明及适配(更新于2016.7.1)

Posted 2022-11-25 杰嗒嗒的阿杰

tags:

篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了关于iOS9中的App Transport Security相关说明及适配(更新于2016.7.1)相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。

@[toc](关于ios9中的App Transport Security相关说明及适配(更新于2016.7.1))

修订时间	内容
2016.7.1	根据苹果官方文档的修改做出文档的调整，并加入对诊断ATS的命令行工具nscurl进行说明。
2015.8.19	解决在iOS9下基于ATS对HTTP的请求的说明及适配进行说明

iOS9中新增App Transport Security（简称ATS）特性, 主要使到原来请求的时候用到的HTTP，都转向TLS1.2协议进行传输。这也意味着所有的HTTP协议都强制使用了HTTPS协议进行传输。原文如下：

App Transport Security

App Transport Security (ATS) enforces best practices in the secure connections between an app and its back end. ATS prevents accidental disclosure, provides secure default behavior, and is easy to adopt; it is also on by default in iOS 9 and OS X v10.11. You should adopt ATS as soon as possible, regardless of whether you’re creating a new app or updating an existing one.
If you’re developing a new app, you should use HTTPS exclusively. If you have an existing app, you should use HTTPS as much as you can right now, and create a plan for migrating the rest of your app as soon as possible. In addition, your communication through higher-level APIs needs to be encrypted using TLS version 1.2 with forward secrecy. If you try to make a connection that doesn’t follow this requirement, an error is thrown. If your app needs to make a request to an insecure domain, you have to specify this domain in your app’s Info.plist file

如果我们在iOS9下直接进行HTTP请求是会收到如下错误提示：

App Transport Security has blocked a cleartext HTTP (http://) resource load since it is insecure. Temporary exceptions can be configured via your app’s Info.plist file.

系统会告诉我们不能直接使用HTTP进行请求，需要在Info.plist新增一段用于控制ATS的配置：

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key><true/>
</dict>

也即：

这段配置中的NSAppTransportSecurity是ATS配置的根节点，配置了节点表示告诉系统要走自定义的ATS设置。而NSAllowsAritraryLoads节点则是控制是否禁用ATS特性，设置YES就是禁用ATS功能。

ATS是在iOS 9.0 和 OS X v10.11版本中增加的特性，使用iOS 9.0或者OS X v10.11的SDK版本（或更新的SDK）进行编译应用时会默认启动ATS。则需要对ATS进行配置。如果使用iOS 9.0或者OS X v10.11之前的SDK版本编译的应用默认是禁止ATS的，因此不会影响应用的网络连接方面的功能（即使在iOS 9.0的机子上跑也是不影响的）。

直到前面的配置可以完美的适配iOS9了，但是如果你想遵循苹果给出的标准，让自己的数据更加安全，那么需要继续往下看。

其实ATS并不单单针对HTTP进行了限制，对HTTPS也有一定的要求，以百度的地址为例（注：举该栗子的时候百度是还没符合ATS的要求的，现在百度已经支持ATS），如果在App中请求https://www.baidu.com的话，是会收到如下的错误信息：

NSURLSession/NSURLConnection HTTP load failed (kCFStreamErrorDomainSSL, -9802)

查阅了一下官方资料（NSAppTransportSecurity），发现HTTPS的请求需要满足下面的要求：

Requirements for Connecting Using ATS

With ATS fully enabled, your app’s HTTP connections must use HTTPS and must satisfy the following security requirements:

The server certificate must meet at least one of the following trust requirements:
Issued by a certificate authority (CA) whose root certificate is incorporated into the operating system
Issued by a trusted root CA and installed by the user or a system administrator
The negotiated Transport Layer Security version must be TLS 1.2
The negotiated TLS connection cipher suite must support forward secrecy (FS) and be one of the following:
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
The leaf server certificate must be signed with one of the following types of keys:
Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) key with a length of at least 2048 bits
Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC) key with a size of at least 256 bits

In addition, the leaf server certificate hashing algorithm must be Secure Hash Algorithm 2 (SHA-2) with a digest length of at least 256 (that is, SHA-256 or greater).

根据原文描述，首先颁发给服务器证书的证书机构（CA）的根证书必须是内置于操作系统（哪些根证书被信任可以查看iOS 9 中可用的受信任根证书列表，或者在你的机子的设置－通用－关于本机最下面的“进一步了解被信任的证书”中查看）或者受用户或者系统管理员信任并安装到操作系统上的。而且必须要基于TLS 1.2版本协议。再来就是连接的加密方式要提供Forward Secrecy(FS正向保密，感兴趣的筒子可以看看这个SSL/TLS & Perfect Forward Secrecy)，文档中罗列出了支持的加密算法（上面的原文中有说明，我把它独立抽出来放到下面表格中查看）。最后就是证书至少要使用一个SHA256的指纹与任一个2048位或者更高位的RSA密钥，或者是256位或者更高位的ECC密钥。如果不符合其中一项，请求将被中断并返回nil。

支持Forward Secrecy的加密方式

TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA

我们再来看刚才的百度的地址，用浏览器打开百度的地址，然后点击链接前面的锁图标，如图：

可以看到它使用了TLS 1.2版本协议，符合上面所说的TLS版本的约定。

然后在点击证书信息，查看颁发给它证书的CA的根证书，如图：

可以看到它的根证书名称是：VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5,根据这个名字在之前提供URL中去寻找iOS9下受信任的根证书是否有存在该证书，结果是可以找到对应的证书信息的，如下图所示：

最后回到之前的连接信息面板可以看到使用AES_128_GCM进行加密，并使用ECDHE_RSA作为密钥交换机制的，我们可以在Forward Secrecy的列表中找到对应两条记录：

TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256

但是还不能确定百度是否提供Forward Secrecy，我们再点开证书信息，查看“签发者名称”和“公共密钥信息”两项，如图：

看到签名算法中写着“带RSA加密的SHA-1”。可以判定该加密算法不包含在上面两项中。因此百度是一个不符合ATS的要求，所以返回了错误。这时候，如果要解决这样的问题，同样需要对ATS进行配置。配置如下：

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
    <dict>
        <key>baidu.com</key>
        <dict> 
            <key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key><true/> 
            <key>NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy</key><false/>
            <key>NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key><true/> 
        </dict> 
    </dict>
</dict>

其中NSIncludesSubdomains设置为YES表示百度的子级域名都使用相同设置。NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy为NO由于百度不支持ForwardSecrecy，因此屏蔽掉改功能。最后NSExceptionAllowInsecureHTTPLoads设置为YES，则表示允许访问没有证书或者是自签名、过期、主机名不匹配的证书引发的错误的域名（这里检查过百度的证书貌似没有什么问题，但是还是需要设置此项才允许访问）。

在最近的测试中由于百度已经支持ATS（昨天@Jolie_Yang给我留言才知道的^_），而我在不配置任何ATS设置的时候使用NSURLConnection去测试https://www.baidu.com 返回的结果还是报错的。后来，我用NSURLSession去测试该网址发现是可以正常访问。

** 苹果官方是推荐使用NSURLSession去做HTTP请求的，虽然说NSURLConnection同样支持ATS方面的特性，但从我上面的测试来看估计它们两者的默认行为上有些不一样，所以如果还在使用NSURLConnection的同学应该尽早切换到NSURLSession上，避免产生一些不必要错误。 **

最后，说到如何诊断一个URL是否支持ATS，这里给大家介绍一些nscurl这个命令行工具，这个工具是OS X v10.11上新增的，主要用于诊断ATS带来的连接问题，利用它可以在命令行中直接检测一个URL地址是否支持ATS。其用法如下：

/usr/bin/nscurl --ats-diagnostics [--verbose] URL

URL －表示用来诊断的网址

verbose －该选项将会为每次的连接包含更多信息，包括使用到Info.plist中的哪些key和对应的值也会列出来。

还是以百度为例，对其https://baidu.com 进行诊断，命令如下：

nscurl --ats-diagnostics https://baidu.com

其输出信息如下：

Configuring ATS Info.plist keys and displaying the result of HTTPS loads to https://baidu.com.A test will "PASS" if URLSession:task:didCompleteWithError: returns a nil error.
Use '--verbose' to view the ATS dictionaries used and to display the error received in URLSession:task:didCompleteWithError:.
================================================================================

Default ATS Secure Connection
---
ATS Default Connection
2016-07-19 17:51:43.156 nscurl[7936:828662] App Transport Security has blocked a cleartext HTTP (http://) resource load since it is insecure. Temporary exceptions can be configured via your app's Info.plist file.
Result : FAIL
---

================================================================================

Allowing Arbitrary Loads

---
Allow All Loads
Result : PASS
---

================================================================================

Configuring TLS exceptions for baidu.com

---
TLSv1.2
Result : FAIL
---

---
TLSv1.1
Result : FAIL
---

---
TLSv1.0
Result : FAIL
---

================================================================================

Configuring PFS exceptions for baidu.com

---
Disabling Perfect Forward Secrecy
Result : FAIL
---

================================================================================

Configuring PFS exceptions and allowing insecure HTTP for baidu.com

---
Disabling Perfect Forward Secrecy and Allowing Insecure HTTP
Result : FAIL
---

================================================================================

Configuring TLS exceptions with PFS disabled for baidu.com

---
TLSv1.2 with PFS disabled
Result : FAIL
---

---
TLSv1.1 with PFS disabled
Result : FAIL
---

---
TLSv1.0 with PFS disabled
Result : FAIL
---

================================================================================

Configuring TLS exceptions with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed for baidu.com

---
TLSv1.2 with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed
Result : FAIL
---

---
TLSv1.1 with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed
Result : FAIL
---

---
TLSv1.0 with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed
Result : FAIL
---

================================================================================

可以看到除了Allowing Arbitrary Loads一项的Result是Pass，其他的Result都是FAIL，那这证明了baidu.com还没有支持ATS，但是从它的证书来看是已经支持的了，为了了解更详细的信息，我们把verbose选项加入再进行诊断一下，来了解更多的信息，命令如下：

nscurl --ats-diagnostics --verbose https://baidu.com

其信息输出如下：

vimfungdeMac-mini:~ vimfung$ nscurl --ats-diagnostics --verbose https://baidu.com
Starting ATS Diagnostics

Configuring ATS Info.plist keys and displaying the result of HTTPS loads to https://baidu.com.
A test will "PASS" if URLSession:task:didCompleteWithError: returns a nil error.
================================================================================

Default ATS Secure Connection
---
ATS Default Connection
ATS Dictionary:


2016-07-19 17:57:24.887 nscurl[7971:833843] App Transport Security has blocked a cleartext HTTP (http://) resource load since it is insecure. Temporary exceptions can be configured via your app's Info.plist file.
Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac41703970 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

================================================================================

Allowing Arbitrary Loads

---
Allow All Loads
ATS Dictionary:

    NSAllowsArbitraryLoads = true;

Result : PASS
---

================================================================================

Configuring TLS exceptions for baidu.com

---
TLSv1.2
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.2";
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac4164cc20 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

---
TLSv1.1
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.1";
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac4143dfc0 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

---
TLSv1.0
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.0";
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac4143e480 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

================================================================================

Configuring PFS exceptions for baidu.com

---
Disabling Perfect Forward Secrecy
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac414358c0 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

================================================================================

Configuring PFS exceptions and allowing insecure HTTP for baidu.com

---
Disabling Perfect Forward Secrecy and Allowing Insecure HTTP
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads = true;
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac416589a0 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

================================================================================

Configuring TLS exceptions with PFS disabled for baidu.com

---
TLSv1.2 with PFS disabled
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.2";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac41633bf0 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

---
TLSv1.1 with PFS disabled
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.1";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac414625e0 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

---
TLSv1.0 with PFS disabled
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.0";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac41464e40 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

================================================================================

Configuring TLS exceptions with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed for baidu.com

---
TLSv1.2 with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads = true;
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.2";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac41468d40 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

---
TLSv1.1 with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads = true;
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.1";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac4146a6e0 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

---
TLSv1.0 with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads = true;
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.0";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : FAIL
Error : Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1022 "The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection." UserInfo=NSUnderlyingError=0x7fac416932b0 Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1022 "(null)", NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSErrorFailingURLKey=http://www.baidu.com/, NSLocalizedDescription=The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use of a secure connection.
---

================================================================================

可以看到了更多的信息，包括了Info.plist中的配置项和请求的错误描述信息。其中发现当请求https://baidu.com 的时候，它会报NSErrorFailingURLKey＝http://www.baidu.com 。所以，我估计是百度对这个网址进行了跳转，而跳转到的地址就是http://www.baidu.com ，所以不可靠的HTTP连接都被ATS被拦截了，才会出现Fail的结果。

因此，我尝试换了https://www.baidu.com 再次进行测试，其输入结果如下：

vimfungdeMac-mini:~ vimfung$ nscurl --ats-diagnostics --verbose https://www.baidu.com
Starting ATS Diagnostics

Configuring ATS Info.plist keys and displaying the result of HTTPS loads to https://www.baidu.com.
A test will "PASS" if URLSession:task:didCompleteWithError: returns a nil error.
================================================================================

Default ATS Secure Connection
---
ATS Default Connection
ATS Dictionary:


Result : PASS
---

================================================================================

Allowing Arbitrary Loads

---
Allow All Loads
ATS Dictionary:

    NSAllowsArbitraryLoads = true;

Result : PASS
---

================================================================================

Configuring TLS exceptions for www.baidu.com

---
TLSv1.2
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.2";
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

---
TLSv1.1
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.1";
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

---
TLSv1.0
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.0";
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

================================================================================

Configuring PFS exceptions for www.baidu.com

---
Disabling Perfect Forward Secrecy
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

================================================================================

Configuring PFS exceptions and allowing insecure HTTP for www.baidu.com

---
Disabling Perfect Forward Secrecy and Allowing Insecure HTTP
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads = true;
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

================================================================================

Configuring TLS exceptions with PFS disabled for www.baidu.com

---
TLSv1.2 with PFS disabled
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.2";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

---
TLSv1.1 with PFS disabled
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.1";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

---
TLSv1.0 with PFS disabled
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.0";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

================================================================================

Configuring TLS exceptions with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed for www.baidu.com

---
TLSv1.2 with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads = true;
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.2";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

---
TLSv1.1 with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads = true;
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.1";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

---
TLSv1.0 with PFS disabled and insecure HTTP allowed
ATS Dictionary:

    NSExceptionDomains =     
        "www.baidu.com" =         
            NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads = true;
            NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion = "TLSv1.0";
            NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy = false;
        ;
    ;

Result : PASS
---

================================================================================

输出的结果都是Pass的了，那证明百度还是支持ATS的。好了，这是我最新对ATS的研究，希望对大家有用。

以上是关于关于iOS9中的App Transport Security相关说明及适配(更新于2016.7.1)的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章

iOS 9使用HTTP(App Transport Security问题)

Xcode7 beta 网络请求报错：The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requir

Windows 上的 Dartium 抛出 net::ERR_SPDY_INADEQUATE_TRANSPORT_SECURITY

网络请求报错：The resource could not be loaded because the App Transport Security policy requires the use o

iOS9 App Thinning(应用瘦身)功能介绍

使用 HTTP2 和 TLS 的 Cowboy Web 服务器在 Chrome 中获取 ERR_SPDY_INADEQUATE_TRANSPORT_SECURITY