每天刷个算法题20160523：骑士巡游的递归转非递归解法

Posted 2022-11-13 小飞_Xiaofei

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http://blog.csdn.net/xiaofei_it/article/details/51524728

为了防止思维僵化，每天刷个算法题。已经刷了几天了，现在发点代码。

我已经建了一个开源项目，每天的题目都在里面：

https://github.com/Xiaofei-it/Algorithms

绝大部分算法都是我自己写的，没有参考网上通用代码。读者可能会觉得有的代码晦涩难懂，因为那是我自己的理解。

最近几天都是在写一些原来的东西，大多数是非递归。以后准备刷点DP、贪心之类的题。

下面是骑士巡游的递归转非递归解法。

/**
 *
 * Copyright 2016 Xiaofei
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 */

package xiaofei.algorithm;

import java.util.Stack;

/**
 * Created by Xiaofei on 16/5/23.
 */
public class KnightCruise 

    //8好像特别慢，我考虑剪枝，但状态太多，64的64次方，加上节点位置，不知道怎么剪。我记得原来用Pascal都没这么慢啊。
    private static final int SIZE = 6;

    private static int[][] board = new int[SIZE][SIZE];

    private static int[] dx = new int[]-1, 1, 2, 2, 1, -1, -2, -2;

    private static int[] dy = new int[]-2, -2, -1, 1, 2, 2, 1, -1;

    private static void clear() 
        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i) 
            for (int j = 0; j < SIZE; ++j) 
                board[i][j] = 0;
            
        
    

    private static void output() 
        System.out.println();
        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i) 
            for (int j = 0; j < SIZE; ++j) 
                if (board[i][j] < 10) 
                    System.out.print("  " + board[i][j]);
                 else 
                    System.out.print(" " + board[i][j]);
                
            
            System.out.println();
        
    

    private static boolean solveRecursively(int x, int y, int step) 
        if (step == SIZE * SIZE) 
            output();
            return true;
        
        for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i) 
            int nextX = x + dx[i];
            int nextY = y + dy[i];
            if (nextX >= 0 && nextX < SIZE && nextY >=0 && nextY < SIZE && board[nextX][nextY] == 0) 
                board[nextX][nextY] = step + 1;
                if (solveRecursively(nextX, nextY, step + 1)) 
                    return true;
                 else 
                    board[nextX][nextY] = 0;
                
            
        
        return false;
    

    private static void solveCorecursively(int x, int y) 
        class Element 
            int x;
            int y;
            int step;
            int index;
            Element(int x, int y, int step) 
                this.x = x;
                this.y = y;
                this.step = step;
                this.index = -1;
            
        
        Stack<Element> stack = new Stack<>();
        stack.push(new Element(x, y, 1));
        board[x][y] = 1;
        while (!stack.isEmpty()) 
            Element element = stack.peek();
            if (element.step == SIZE * SIZE) 
                output();
                return;
             else 
                int nextX, nextY;
                if (element.index >= 0) 
                    nextX = element.x + dx[element.index];
                    nextY = element.y + dy[element.index];
                    board[nextX][nextY] = 0;
                
                while (++element.index < 8) 
                    nextX = element.x + dx[element.index];
                    nextY = element.y + dy[element.index];
                    if (nextX >= 0 && nextX < SIZE && nextY >= 0 && nextY < SIZE && board[nextX][nextY] == 0) 
                        board[nextX][nextY] = element.step + 1;
                        stack.push(new Element(nextX, nextY, element.step + 1));
                        break;
                    
                
                if (element.index == 8) 
                    stack.pop();
                
            
        
    

    public static void solve(boolean recursive) 
        if (recursive) 
            clear();
            board[0][0] = 1;
            solveRecursively(0, 0, 1);
         else 
            clear();
            solveCorecursively(0, 0);