01 qemu 启动编译好的镜像 VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)

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前言

不太理解的问题帖, 直接贴相关信息  

问题情况

qemu 启动命令如下 

qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage -nographic -append "console=ttyS0 nokaslr" -initrd ./ramdisk.img -m 1024 -s -S

 启动之后 日志输出如下 

warning: TCG doesn't support requested feature: CPUID.01H:ECX.vmx [bit 5]
[    0.000000] Linux version 4.10.14 (root@ubuntu) (gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12) ) #1 SMP Fri Dec 24 22:43:53 PST 2021
[    0.000000] Command line: console=ttyS0 nokaslr
[    0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus:
[    0.000000]   Intel GenuineIntel
[    0.000000]   AMD AuthenticAMD
[    0.000000]   Centaur CentaurHauls
[    0.000000] x86/fpu: Legacy x87 FPU detected.
[    0.000000] e820: Bios-provided physical RAM map:
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009fbff] usable
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009fc00-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000f0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000003ffdffff] usable
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000003ffe0000-0x000000003fffffff] reserved
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fffc0000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
[    0.000000] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
[    0.000000] SMBIOS 2.8 present.
[    0.000000] DMI: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
[    0.000000] e820: last_pfn = 0x3ffe0 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
[    0.000000] x86/PAT: Configuration [0-7]: WB  WC  UC- UC  WB  WC  UC- WT
[    0.000000] found SMP MP-table at [mem 0x000f6640-0x000f664f] mapped at [ffff8800000f6640]
[    0.000000] Scanning 1 areas for low memory corruption
[    0.000000] RAMDISK: [mem 0x2c642000-0x3ffdffff]
[    0.000000] ACPI: Early table checksum verification disabled
[    0.000000] ACPI: RSDP 0x00000000000F6460 000014 (v00 BOCHS )
[    0.000000] ACPI: RSDT 0x000000003FFE16EE 000034 (v01 BOCHS  BXPCRSDT 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[    0.000000] ACPI: FACP 0x000000003FFE0C14 000074 (v01 BOCHS  BXPCFACP 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[    0.000000] ACPI: DSDT 0x000000003FFE0040 000BD4 (v01 BOCHS  BXPCDSDT 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[    0.000000] ACPI: FACS 0x000000003FFE0000 000040
[    0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000003FFE0C88 0009B6 (v01 BOCHS  BXPCSSDT 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[    0.000000] ACPI: APIC 0x000000003FFE163E 000078 (v01 BOCHS  BXPCAPIC 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[    0.000000] ACPI: HPET 0x000000003FFE16B6 000038 (v01 BOCHS  BXPCHPET 00000001 BXPC 00000001)
[    0.000000] No NUMA configuration found
[    0.000000] Faking a node at [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000003ffdffff]
[    0.000000] NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0x2c63d000-0x2c641fff]
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   DMA      [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x0000000000ffffff]
[    0.000000]   DMA32    [mem 0x0000000001000000-0x000000003ffdffff]
[    0.000000]   Normal   empty
[    0.000000]   Device   empty
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000000009efff]
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000003ffdffff]
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000003ffdffff]
[    0.000000] ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x608
[    0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0xff] dfl dfl lint[0x1])
[    0.000000] IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 0, version 17, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23
[    0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl)
[    0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 5 global_irq 5 high level)
[    0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 high level)
[    0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 10 global_irq 10 high level)
[    0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 11 global_irq 11 high level)
[    0.000000] Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information
[    0.000000] ACPI: HPET id: 0x8086a201 base: 0xfed00000
[    0.000000] smpboot: Allowing 1 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs
[    0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff]
[    0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0009f000-0x0009ffff]
[    0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000a0000-0x000effff]
[    0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000f0000-0x000fffff]
[    0.000000] e820: [mem 0x40000000-0xfffbffff] available for PCI devices
[    0.000000] Booting paravirtualized kernel on bare hardware
[    0.000000] clocksource: refined-jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645519600211568 ns
[    0.000000] setup_percpu: NR_CPUS:512 nr_cpumask_bits:512 nr_cpu_ids:1 nr_node_ids:1
[    0.000000] percpu: Embedded 36 pages/cpu @ffff88002c400000 s108440 r8192 d30824 u2097152
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Node order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 257897
[    0.000000] Policy zone: DMA32
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0 nokaslr
[    0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[    0.000000] Memory: 691472K/1048056K available (8793K kernel code, 1460K rwdata, 3684K rodata, 1572K init, 1284K bss, 356584K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.000000] 	Build-time adjustment of leaf fanout to 64.
[    0.000000] 	RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=512 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
[    0.000000] RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=64, nr_cpu_ids=1
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS:33024 nr_irqs:256 16
[    0.000000] Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
[    0.000000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[    0.000000] clocksource: hpet: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604467 ns
[    0.000000] tsc: Fast TSC calibration using PIT
[    0.000000] tsc: Detected 2399.301 MHz processor
[    0.008976] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 4798.60 BogoMIPS (lpj=9597204)
[    0.009460] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.009806] ACPI: Core revision 20160930
[    0.033544] ACPI: 2 ACPI AML tables successfully acquired and loaded
[    0.035030] Security Framework initialized
[    0.035242] Yama: becoming mindful.
[    0.036582] AppArmor: AppArmor initialized
[    0.038431] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[    0.039740] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[    0.041637] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.041979] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.053902] mce: CPU supports 10 MCE banks
[    0.055571] Last level iTLB entries: 4KB 0, 2MB 0, 4MB 0
[    0.056066] Last level dTLB entries: 4KB 0, 2MB 0, 4MB 0, 1GB 0
[    0.272597] Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 32K
[    0.281666] ftrace: allocating 33429 entries in 131 pages
[    0.350316] smpboot: Max logical packages: 1
[    0.356734] ..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1
[    0.400000] smpboot: CPU0: AMD QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+ (family: 0x6, model: 0x6, stepping: 0x3)
[    0.401890] Performance Events: PMU not available due to virtualization, using software events only.
[    0.412240] NMI watchdog: disabled (cpu0): hardware events not enabled
[    0.412479] NMI watchdog: Shutting down hard lockup detector on all cpus
[    0.414319] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[    0.414494] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU
[    0.414648] smpboot: Total of 1 processors activated (4798.60 BogoMIPS)
[    0.422535] devtmpfs: initialized
[    0.424860] x86/mm: Memory block size: 128MB
[    0.433479] evm: security.selinux
[    0.433593] evm: security.SMACK64
[    0.433708] evm: security.SMACK64EXEC
[    0.433877] evm: security.SMACK64TRANSMUTE
[    0.434181] evm: security.SMACK64MMAP
[    0.434483] evm: security.ima
[    0.434764] evm: security.capability
[    0.436944] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
[    0.437541] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.438968] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[    0.445457] RTC time: 10:26:35, date: 12/25/21
[    0.449736] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    0.454981] cpuidle: using governor ladder
[    0.455495] cpuidle: using governor menu
[    0.456075] PCCT header not found.
[    0.456908] ACPI: bus type PCI registered
[    0.457112] acpiphp: ACPI Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.5
[    0.458733] PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access
[    0.471268] HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
[    0.475716] ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device)
[    0.475883] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device)
[    0.476084] ACPI: Added _OSI(3.0 _SCP Extensions)
[    0.476305] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device)
[    0.489764] ACPI: Interpreter enabled
[    0.490497] ACPI: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5)
[    0.490683] ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing
[    0.491888] PCI: Using host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=nocrs" and report a bug
[    0.516694] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-ff])
[    0.517346] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC: OS supports [ASPM ClockPM Segments MSI]
[    0.517925] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC failed (AE_NOT_FOUND); disabling ASPM
[    0.518704] acpi PNP0A03:00: fail to add MMCONFIG information, can't access extended PCI configuration space under this bridge.
[    0.523541] acpiphp: Slot [3] registered
[    0.524190] acpiphp: Slot [4] registered
[    0.524533] acpiphp: Slot [5] registered
[    0.524955] acpiphp: Slot [6] registered
[    0.525340] acpiphp: Slot [7] registered
[    0.525642] acpiphp: Slot [8] registered
[    0.526040] acpiphp: Slot [9] registered
[    0.526454] acpiphp: Slot [10] registered
[    0.526937] acpiphp: Slot [11] registered
[    0.527334] acpiphp: Slot [12] registered
[    0.527753] acpiphp: Slot [13] registered
[    0.528259] acpiphp: Slot [14] registered
[    0.528589] acpiphp: Slot [15] registered
[    0.529089] acpiphp: Slot [16] registered
[    0.529546] acpiphp: Slot [17] registered
[    0.530128] acpiphp: Slot [18] registered
[    0.530710] acpiphp: Slot [19] registered
[    0.531270] acpiphp: Slot [20] registered
[    0.531737] acpiphp: Slot [21] registered
[    0.532199] acpiphp: Slot [22] registered
[    0.532517] acpiphp: Slot [23] registered
[    0.532937] acpiphp: Slot [24] registered
[    0.533392] acpiphp: Slot [25] registered
[    0.533692] acpiphp: Slot [26] registered
[    0.534159] acpiphp: Slot [27] registered
[    0.534577] acpiphp: Slot [28] registered
[    0.534966] acpiphp: Slot [29] registered
[    0.535355] acpiphp: Slot [30] registered
[    0.536059] acpiphp: Slot [31] registered
[    0.536376] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00
[    0.536628] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x0000-0x0cf7 window]
[    0.536875] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x0d00-0xffff window]
[    0.537057] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff window]
[    0.537333] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x40000000-0xfebfffff window]
[    0.537717] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff]
[    0.543436] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x10: [io  0x01f0-0x01f7]
[    0.543660] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x14: [io  0x03f6]
[    0.543930] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x18: [io  0x0170-0x0177]
[    0.544049] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x1c: [io  0x0376]
[    0.545169] pci 0000:00:01.3: quirk: [io  0x0600-0x063f] claimed by PIIX4 ACPI
[    0.545426] pci 0000:00:01.3: quirk: [io  0x0700-0x070f] claimed by PIIX4 SMB
[    0.561006] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs 5 *10 11)
[    0.562045] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 5 *10 11)
[    0.562599] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 5 10 *11)
[    0.563146] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs 5 10 *11)
[    0.563646] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKS] (IRQs *9)
[    0.565612] ACPI: Enabled 16 GPEs in block 00 to 0F
[    0.569392] pci 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: setting as boot VGA device
[    0.569772] pci 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: VGA device added: decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none
[    0.570339] pci 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: bridge control possible
[    0.570559] vgaarb: loaded
[    0.572863] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    0.573737] ACPI: bus type USB registered
[    0.574268] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    0.574866] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    0.575334] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    0.576978] PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
[    0.582404] NetLabel: Initializing
[    0.582533] NetLabel:  domain hash size = 128
[    0.582617] NetLabel:  protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 CALIPSO
[    0.583694] NetLabel:  unlabeled traffic allowed by default
[    0.584969] HPET: 3 timers in total, 0 timers will be used for per-cpu timer
[    0.585474] hpet0: at MMIO 0xfed00000, IRQs 2, 8, 0
[    0.585767] hpet0: 3 comparators, 64-bit 100.000000 MHz counter
[    0.590351] clocksource: Switched to clocksource hpet
[    0.647356] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0
[    0.647786] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.650443] AppArmor: AppArmor Filesystem Enabled
[    0.651528] pnp: PnP ACPI init
[    0.655891] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 6 devices
[    0.674344] clocksource: acpi_pm: mask: 0xffffff max_cycles: 0xffffff, max_idle_ns: 2085701024 ns
[    0.676229] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    0.680750] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[    0.681374] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[    0.681969] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[    0.682698] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.683162] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.684687] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    0.685411] pci 0000:00:00.0: Limiting direct PCI/PCI transfers
[    0.686050] pci 0000:00:01.0: PIIX3: Enabling Passive Release
[    0.686568] pci 0000:00:01.0: Activating ISA DMA hang workarounds
[    0.687421] pci 0000:00:02.0: Video device with shadowed ROM at [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff]
[    0.691682] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs...
[    5.697574] rootfs image is not initramfs (write error); looks like an initrd
[    5.698326] /initrd.image: incomplete write (-28 != 328847518)
[    5.841366] Freeing initrd memory: 321144K
[    5.842861] Scanning for low memory corruption every 60 seconds
[    5.845950] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled)
[    5.848782] Initialise system trusted keyrings
[    5.849867] audit: type=2000 audit(1640428000.844:1): initialized
[    5.851123] workingset: timestamp_bits=40 max_order=18 bucket_order=0
[    5.863639] zbud: loaded
[    5.870221] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher
[    5.874479] fuse init (API version 7.26)
[    5.881723] Key type asymmetric registered
[    5.881838] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered
[    5.882511] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 248)
[    5.883055] io scheduler noop registered
[    5.883160] io scheduler deadline registered (default)
[    5.883466] io scheduler cfq registered
[    5.886457] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input0
[    5.886863] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF]
[    5.890936] GHES: HEST is not enabled!
[    5.891960] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 32 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[    5.914295] 00:05: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4, base_baud = 115200) is a 16550A
[    5.926829] Linux agpgart interface v0.103
[    5.959311] brd: module loaded
[    5.973161] loop: module loaded
[    5.983127] scsi host0: ata_piix
[    5.985606] scsi host1: ata_piix
[    5.986687] ata1: PATA max MWDMA2 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 bmdma 0xc040 irq 14
[    5.986967] ata2: PATA max MWDMA2 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 bmdma 0xc048 irq 15
[    5.992752] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[    5.992901] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6
[    5.992997] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
[    5.993788] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
[    5.995366] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    5.995737] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[    5.996761] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[    5.997618] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[    5.998438] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver
[    5.998906] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver
[    5.999625] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
[    6.001553] i8042: PNP: PS/2 Controller [PNP0303:KBD,PNP0f13:MOU] at 0x60,0x64 irq 1,12
[    6.003888] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1
[    6.004839] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12
[    6.006465] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[    6.009843] input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input1
[    6.011671] rtc_cmos 00:00: RTC can wake from S4
[    6.013498] rtc_cmos 00:00: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0
[    6.014461] rtc_cmos 00:00: alarms up to one day, 114 bytes nvram, hpet irqs
[    6.015009] i2c /dev entries driver
[    6.015863] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3
[    6.017458] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.35.0-ioctl (2016-06-23) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
[    6.018676] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
[    6.021343] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[    6.027776] Segment Routing with IPv6
[    6.028679] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[    6.029259] Key type dns_resolver registered
[    6.032810] registered taskstats version 1
[    6.033187] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates
[    6.044235] Loaded X.509 cert 'Build time autogenerated kernel key: 908857a52a36906b03c14304497a4a563dfab2c3'
[    6.045915] zswap: loaded using pool lzo/zbud
[    6.049172] Key type trusted registered
[    6.051278] Key type encrypted registered
[    6.051465] AppArmor: AppArmor sha1 policy hashing enabled
[    6.052589] ima: No TPM chip found, activating TPM-bypass! (rc=-19)
[    6.054740] evm: HMAC attrs: 0x1
[    6.056946]   Magic number: 1:351:427
[    6.057686] rtc_cmos 00:00: setting system clock to 2021-12-25 10:26:41 UTC (1640428001)
[    6.059463] BIOS EDD facility v0.16 2004-Jun-25, 0 devices found
[    6.059648] EDD information not available.
[    6.160297] ata2.00: ATAPI: QEMU DVD-ROM, 2.5+, max UDMA/100
[    6.162592] ata2.00: configured for MWDMA2
[    6.174858] scsi 1:0:0:0: CD-ROM            QEMU     QEMU DVD-ROM     2.5+ PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[    6.192956] sr 1:0:0:0: [sr0] scsi3-mmc drive: 4x/4x cd/rw xa/form2 tray
[    6.193546] cdrom: Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20
[    6.197524] sr 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 5
[    6.198856] md: Waiting for all devices to be available before autodetect
[    6.199368] md: If you don't use raid, use raid=noautodetect
[    6.202209] md: Autodetecting RAID arrays.
[    6.202371] md: autorun ...
[    6.202487] md: ... autorun DONE.
[    6.203479] RAMDISK: Couldn't find valid RAM disk image starting at 0.
[    6.205360] VFS: Cannot open root device "(null)" or unknown-block(0,0): error -6
[    6.205642] Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:
[    6.206231] 0100           65536 ram0
[    6.206258]  (driver?)
[    6.206613] 0101           65536 ram1
[    6.206621]  (driver?)
[    6.206904] 0102           65536 ram2
[    6.206927]  (driver?)
[    6.207149] 0103           65536 ram3
[    6.207154]  (driver?)
[    6.207481] 0104           65536 ram4
[    6.207486]  (driver?)
[    6.208476] 0105           65536 ram5
[    6.208483]  (driver?)
[    6.208840] 0106           65536 ram6
[    6.208846]  (driver?)
[    6.209100] 0107           65536 ram7
[    6.209104]  (driver?)
[    6.209359] 0108           65536 ram8
[    6.209369]  (driver?)
[    6.209574] 0109           65536 ram9
[    6.209577]  (driver?)
[    6.209866] 010a           65536 ram10
[    6.209870]  (driver?)
[    6.210148] 010b           65536 ram11
[    6.210151]  (driver?)
[    6.210278] 010c           65536 ram12
[    6.210282]  (driver?)
[    6.210510] 010d           65536 ram13
[    6.210588]  (driver?)
[    6.210866] 010e           65536 ram14
[    6.210870]  (driver?)
[    6.211062] 010f           65536 ram15
[    6.211143]  (driver?)
[    6.211423] 0b00         1048575 sr0
[    6.211451]  driver: sr
[    6.211780] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)
[    6.212289] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.10.14 #1
[    6.212289] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
[    6.212289] Call Trace:
[    6.212289]  dump_stack+0x63/0x90
[    6.212289]  panic+0xe4/0x22d
[    6.212289]  mount_block_root+0x1f8/0x2bf
[    6.212289]  mount_root+0x65/0x68
[    6.212289]  prepare_namespace+0x16a/0x1a2
[    6.212289]  kernel_init_freeable+0x1ee/0x217
[    6.212289]  ? rest_init+0x80/0x80
[    6.212289]  kernel_init+0xe/0x100
[    6.212289]  ret_from_fork+0x2c/0x40
[    6.212289] Kernel Offset: disabled
[    6.212289] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)

处理方式

增加 root 配置 

qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage -nographic -append "root=/dev/sda1 console=ttyS0" -initrd ./ramdisk.img -m 2048 -s -S

完 

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