RxJava进阶四（组合类操作符）
Posted 王永迪
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RxJava进阶一（创建类操作符）
RxJava进阶二（转换类操作符）
RxJava进阶三（过滤类操作符）
RxJava进阶四（组合类操作符）
前言
本篇文章带着大家熟悉一下RxJava的组合类操作符，本系列文章仅是带大家认识一下这些操作符的用法，并没有对操作符进行多种形态的使用，具体的还需要大家在使用时注意~
操作符总览
CombineLatest、Join、Merge、StartWith、Switch、Zip…
具体使用介绍
CombineLatest
当两个Observables中的任何一个发射了一个数据时，将两个Observables数据通过指定的规则进行处理，将结果进行发射~
代码示例：
Observable<Long> observable1 = Observable.interval(0, 500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).take(3);
Observable<Long> observable2 = Observable.interval(500, 500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).take(3);
Observable.combineLatest(observable1, observable2, new Func2<Long, Long, Long>()
@Override
public Long call(Long along1, Long along2)
System.out.println("along1 --> " + along1);
System.out.println("along2 --> " + along2);
return along1 + along2;
).subscribe(new Action1<Long>()
@Override
public void call(Long aLong)
System.out.println("result = " + aLong);
System.out.println("--------------");
);运行结果：
10-08 17:00:12.319 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: along1 --> 1
10-08 17:00:12.319 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: along2 --> 0
10-08 17:00:12.319 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 1
10-08 17:00:12.319 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: --------------
10-08 17:00:12.816 6650-6728/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: along1 --> 2
10-08 17:00:12.816 6650-6728/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: along2 --> 0
10-08 17:00:12.816 6650-6728/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 2
10-08 17:00:12.817 6650-6728/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: --------------
10-08 17:00:12.818 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: along1 --> 2
10-08 17:00:12.820 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: along2 --> 1
10-08 17:00:12.821 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 3
10-08 17:00:12.821 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: --------------
10-08 17:00:13.315 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: along1 --> 2
10-08 17:00:13.315 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: along2 --> 2
10-08 17:00:13.315 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 4
10-08 17:00:13.315 6650-6698/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: --------------结论：
* 1.只有当两个observable都发射过第一项数据时，才能进行组合发射*
从log日志来看，observable1打印的第一项数据为1，所以可以推断observable1发射的0数据时，observable2并没有发射过数据，所以并没有进行组合。
* 2.当observable1与observable2都发射首个数据后，在此发射任何数据都会找相应的另外一个observable的最新数据进行组合发射*
Join
无论何时，如果一个Observable发射了一个数据项，只要在另一个Observable发射的数据项定义的时间窗口内，就将两个Observable发射的数据合并发射~
Observable<Long> observable1 = Observable.interval(2000, 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).take(3);
Observable<Long> observable2 = Observable.interval(2500, 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).take(3);
observable1
.join(
observable2,
new Func1<Long, Observable<Long>>()
@Override
public Observable<Long> call(Long aLong)
//使Observable延迟500毫秒执行
System.out.println("observable1 -- >" + aLong);
return Observable.just(aLong).delay(500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
,
new Func1<Long, Observable<Long>>()
@Override
public Observable<Long> call(Long aLong)
System.out.println("observable2 -- >" + aLong);
return Observable.just(aLong).delay(500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
,
new Func2<Long, Long, Long>()
@Override
public Long call(Long aLong1, Long aLong2)
System.out.println("aLong1 = " + aLong1);
System.out.println("aLong2 = " + aLong2);
return aLong1 + aLong2;
)
.subscribe(new Action1<Long>()
@Override
public void call(Long aLong)
System.out.println("result = " + aLong);
System.out.println("--------------");
);运行结果：
10-08 16:47:56.988 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: observable1 -- >0
10-08 16:47:57.488 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: observable2 -- >0
10-08 16:47:57.488 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong1 = 0
10-08 16:47:57.488 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong2 = 0
10-08 16:47:57.488 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 0
10-08 16:47:57.488 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: --------------
10-08 16:47:57.991 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: observable1 -- >1
10-08 16:47:57.991 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong1 = 1
10-08 16:47:57.991 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong2 = 0
10-08 16:47:57.991 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 1
10-08 16:47:57.991 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: --------------
10-08 16:47:58.490 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: observable2 -- >1
10-08 16:47:58.490 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong1 = 1
10-08 16:47:58.490 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong2 = 1
10-08 16:47:58.490 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 2
10-08 16:47:58.490 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: --------------
10-08 16:47:58.990 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: observable1 -- >2
10-08 16:47:58.990 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong1 = 2
10-08 16:47:58.990 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong2 = 1
10-08 16:47:58.990 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 3
10-08 16:47:58.990 20959-21011/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: --------------
10-08 16:47:59.489 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: observable2 -- >2
10-08 16:47:59.489 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong1 = 2
10-08 16:47:59.489 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: aLong2 = 2
10-08 16:47:59.489 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 4
10-08 16:47:59.489 20959-21041/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: --------------结论：
* 1.只有当两个observable都发射过第一项数据时，才能进行组合发射*
从log日志来看，observable1发射数据0时，组合的call方法并没有被执行，而当observable2发射数据0后，组合call方法被回调了。
* 2.当observable1与observable2都发射首个数据后，在此发射任何数据都会找相应的另外一个observable的最新数据进行组合发射*
Merge
将两个Observable发射的数据按照时间顺序进行组合，合并成一个Observable进行发射~
代码示例：
Observable<String> observable1 = Observable.interval(0, 500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).take(3).flatMap(new Func1<Long, Observable<String>>()
@Override
public Observable<String> call(Long aLong)
return Observable.just("observable1 -- >" + aLong);
);
Observable<String> observable2 = Observable.interval(500, 500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).take(3).flatMap(new Func1<Long, Observable<String>>()
@Override
public Observable<String> call(Long aLong)
return Observable.just("observable2 -- >" + aLong);
);
Observable
.merge(observable1, observable2)
.subscribe(new Action1<String>()
@Override
public void call(String aString)
System.out.println("result = " + aString);
);运行结果：
10-08 17:11:33.696 16661-16737/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = observable1 -- >0
10-08 17:11:34.194 16661-16737/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = observable1 -- >1
10-08 17:11:34.198 16661-16711/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = observable2 -- >0
10-08 17:11:34.695 16661-16737/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = observable1 -- >2
10-08 17:11:34.698 16661-16711/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = observable2 -- >1
10-08 17:11:35.196 16661-16711/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = observable2 -- >2StartWith
在源Observable发射数据之前，先发射一个指定的数据序列或数据项~
代码示例：
Observable
.just(4, 5, 6)
.startWith(1, 2, 3)
.subscribe(new Action1<Integer>()
@Override
public void call(Integer integer)
System.out.println("result = " + integer);
);运行结果：
10-08 17:16:43.077 21830-21830/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 1
10-08 17:16:43.078 21830-21830/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 2
10-08 17:16:43.078 21830-21830/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 3
10-08 17:16:43.078 21830-21830/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 4
10-08 17:16:43.078 21830-21830/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 5
10-08 17:16:43.078 21830-21830/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = 6switchOnNext
把一组Observable转换成一个Observable，如果在同一个时间内产生两个或多个Observable产生的数据，只发射最后一个Observable产生的数据~
示例代码：
Observable<Observable<String>> observable = Observable.interval(2000, 500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).map(new Func1<Long, Observable<String>>()
@Override
public Observable<String> call(Long aLongOutside)
//每隔250毫秒产生一组数据（0,1,2,3,4)
return Observable.interval(0, 250, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).map(new Func1<Long, String>()
@Override
public String call(Long aLongInside)
return "aLongOutside = " + aLongOutside + "| aLongInside = " + aLongInside;
).take(5);
).take(2);
Observable.switchOnNext(observable).subscribe(new Action1<String>()
@Override
public void call(String s)
System.out.println("result = " + s);
);运行结果：
10-08 18:20:14.605 2921-2993/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = aLongOutside = 0| aLongInside = 0
10-08 18:20:14.857 2921-2993/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = aLongOutside = 0| aLongInside = 1
10-08 18:20:15.103 2921-3055/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = aLongOutside = 1| aLongInside = 0
10-08 18:20:15.353 2921-3055/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = aLongOutside = 1| aLongInside = 1
10-08 18:20:15.604 2921-3055/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = aLongOutside = 1| aLongInside = 2
10-08 18:20:15.853 2921-3055/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = aLongOutside = 1| aLongInside = 3
10-08 18:20:16.104 2921-3055/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: result = aLongOutside = 1| aLongInside = 4Zip
使用一个指定的函数将多个Observable发射的数据组合在一起，然后将这个函数的结果作为单项数据发射，严格周期顺序进行合并，不能单独发射~
示例代码：
Observable<String> observable1 = Observable.just("walid - 1", "walid - 2", "walid - 3");
Observable<String> observable2 = Observable.just("Jordan - 1", "Jordan - 2", "Jordan - 3", "Jordan - 4");
Observable.zip(observable1, observable2, new Func2<String, String, String>()
@Override
public String call(String s1, String s2)
return s1 + " | " + s2;
).subscribe(new Subscriber<String>()
@Override
public void onCompleted()
System.out.println("onCompleted");
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e)
System.err.println("onError");
@Override
public void onNext(String value)
System.out.println("onNext --> " + value);
);运行结果：
10-08 18:53:31.772 24793-24793/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: onNext --> walid - 1 | Jordan - 1
10-08 18:53:31.772 24793-24793/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: onNext --> walid - 2 | Jordan - 2
10-08 18:53:31.772 24793-24793/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: onNext --> walid - 3 | Jordan - 3
10-08 18:53:31.772 24793-24793/com.shenghan.haobaobei I/System.out: onCompleted结论：
* 1.只有每个observable都依次产品一轮数据时，才会统一发射一次，当不会有完整一轮数据时，视为完成*
从log日志来看，observable1产生的数据是与observable2一一对应的，也就是只有observable1与observable2同时产生数据时才会统一发射一次~
* 2.当不满足所有observable都有数据可产品时，视为完成状态*
从log日志来看，observable2最后一项数据“Jordan - 4”并没有打印，原因是observable1并没有数据可以产生了，所以不满足发射条件，视为完成状态~
结语
组合类操作符，就简单介绍到这里，希望能够对同学有所帮助，谢谢~
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