Go语言自学系列 | go常用命令

Posted 2022-03-23 COCOgsta

视频来源：B站《golang入门到项目实战 [2021最新Go语言教程，没有废话，纯干货！持续更新中...]》

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附上汇总贴：Go语言自学系列 | 汇总 - 知乎 (zhihu.com)https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/484035621

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查看可用命令

直接在终端中输入 go help 即可显示所有的 go 命令以及相应命令功能简介，主要有下面这些:

• build: 编译包和依赖
• clean: 移除对象文件
• doc: 显示包或者符号的文档
• env: 打印go的环境信息
• bug: 启动错误报告
• fix: 运行go tool fix
• fmt: 运行gofmt进行格式化
• generate: 从processing source生成go文件
• get: 下载并安装包和依赖
• install: 编译并安装包和依赖
• list: 列出包
• run: 编译并运行go程序
• test: 运行测试
• tool: 运行go提供的工具
• version: 显示go的版本
• vet: 运行go tool vet

参考文档

https://golang.google.cn/doc/cmd 
 

常用命令举例

PS D:\\SynologyDrive\\软件开发\\go\\golang入门到项目实战> go build .\\test.go 
 
PS D:\\SynologyDrive\\软件开发\\go\\golang入门到项目实战> go run .\\test.go  
hello 
 
PS D:\\SynologyDrive\\软件开发\\go\\golang入门到项目实战> go env 
set GO111MODULE= 
set GOARCH=amd64 
set GOBIN= 
set GOCACHE=C:\\Users\\guoliang\\AppData\\Local\\go-build 
set GOENV=C:\\Users\\guoliang\\AppData\\Roaming\\go\\env 
set GOEXE=.exe 
set GOFLAGS= 
set GOHOSTARCH=amd64 
set GOHOSTOS=windows 
set GOINSECURE= 
set GOMODCACHE=C:\\Users\\guoliang\\go\\pkg\\mod 
set GONOPROXY= 
set GONOSUMDB= 
set GOOS=windows 
set GOPATH=C:\\Users\\guoliang\\go 
set GOPRIVATE= 
set GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn 
set GOROOT=C:\\Program Files\\Go 
set GOSUMDB=sum.golang.org 
set GOTMPDIR= 
set GOTOOLDIR=C:\\Program Files\\Go\\pkg\\tool\\windows_amd64 
set GOVCS= 
set GOVERSION=go1.16.3 
set GCCGO=gccgo 
set AR=ar 
set CC=gcc 
set CXX=g++ 
set CGO_ENABLED=1 
set GOMOD=NUL 
set CGO_CFLAGS=-g -O2 
set CGO_CPPFLAGS= 
set CGO_CXXFLAGS=-g -O2 
set CGO_FFLAGS=-g -O2 
set CGO_LDFLAGS=-g -O2 
set PKG_CONFIG=pkg-config 
set GOGCCFLAGS=-m64 -mthreads -fno-caret-diagnostics -Qunused-arguments -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=C:\\Users\\guoliang\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\go-build3337909645=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches 
 
PS D:\\SynologyDrive\\软件开发\\go\\golang入门到项目实战> go help 
Go is a tool for managing Go source code. 
 
Usage: 
 
        go <command> [arguments] 
 
The commands are: 
 
        bug         start a bug report 
        build       compile packages and dependencies 
        clean       remove object files and cached files 
        doc         show documentation for package or symbol 
        env         print Go environment information 
        fix         update packages to use new APIs 
        fmt         gofmt (reformat) package sources 
        generate    generate Go files by processing source 
        get         add dependencies to current module and install them 
        install     compile and install packages and dependencies 
        list        list packages or modules 
        mod         module maintenance 
        run         compile and run Go program 
        test        test packages 
        tool        run specified go tool 
        version     print Go version 
        vet         report likely mistakes in packages 
 
Use "go help <command>" for more information about a command. 
 
Additional help topics: 
 
        buildconstraint build constraints 
        buildmode       build modes 
        c               calling between Go and C 
        cache           build and test caching 
        environment     environment variables 
        filetype        file types 
        go.mod          the go.mod file 
        gopath          GOPATH environment variable 
        gopath-get      legacy GOPATH go get 
        goproxy         module proxy protocol 
        importpath      import path syntax 
        modules         modules, module versions, and more 
        module-get      module-aware go get 
        module-auth     module authentication using go.sum 
        packages        package lists and patterns 
        private         configuration for downloading non-public code 
        testflag        testing flags 
        testfunc        testing functions 
        vcs             controlling version control with GOVCS 
 
Use "go help <topic>" for more information about that topic. 
 
PS D:\\SynologyDrive\\软件开发\\go\\golang入门到项目实战> go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin 
go: downloading github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.7.7 
go: downloading github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 
go: downloading github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.12 
go: downloading github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.9 
go: downloading github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.4.1 
go: downloading github.com/golang/protobuf v1.3.3 
go: downloading github.com/ugorji/go v1.1.7 
go: downloading gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.8 
go: downloading github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.1.7 
go: downloading github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14 
go: downloading github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 
go: downloading golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200116001909-b77594299b42 
go: downloading github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.10.0 
go: downloading github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.6 
go: downloading github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v0.0.0-20180701023420-4b7aa43c6742 
go: downloading github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180228061459-e0a39a4cb421 
go: downloading github.com/go-playground/validator v9.31.0+incompatible 
go: downloading github.com/ugorji/go v1.2.6 
go: downloading github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.2 
go: downloading golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9 
go: downloading github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.0 
go: downloading github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.17.0 
go: downloading github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 
go: downloading github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.0 
go: downloading github.com/go-playground/locales v0.13.0 
go: downloading github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd 
go: downloading github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.1 
go: downloading golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220210151621-f4118a5b28e2 
go: downloading github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.0 
go: downloading google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0 
go: downloading google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1 
go: downloading golang.org/x/text v0.3.6 
 

# 创建test.go文件添加一个包 
// 主包，可执行文件所在包 
package main 
 
// 导入包 
import ( 
        "fmt" 
 
        "github.com/gin-gonic/gin" 
) 
 
// 主函数，入口函数 
func main()  
        // 打印输入 
        fmt.Println("hello") 
 
        r := gin.Default() 
        r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context)  
                c.JSON(200, gin.H 
                        "message": "pong", 
                ) 
        ) 
        r.Run() 
 
 
# 执行go mod tidy，自动引入包 
// 主包，可执行文件所在包 
package main 
 
// 导入包 
PS D:\\SynologyDrive\\软件开发\\go\\golang入门到项目实战> go mod tidy 
go: finding module for package github.com/gin-gonic/gin 
go: found github.com/gin-gonic/gin in github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.7.7 
go: downloading github.com/stretchr/testify v1.4.0 
go: downloading gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 
go: downloading github.com/go-playground/assert/v2 v2.0.1 
go: downloading github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 
go: downloading github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 
 
# go.mod文件自动更新 
require github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.7.7