管理信息系统 课程设计

Posted 2020-11-18 pys965085265

 

1、系统概要说明

本网站是一个“阅读分享”类型的网站，用户通过注册、登录到网站，可以进行发帖、评论、点赞、收藏等功能。用户可以修改自己的头像、密码。用户能够通过搜索，找到带有搜索关键字的文章，实现了组合查询、精确查询和分类查询。网站会根据点赞量前5，将文章推荐给用户。用户也可以查看自己的评论、发帖、收藏文章和个人信息。

网站的设计与实现使用了Python+Flask+mysql的web建设技术，并且使用html和CSS/DIV技术使网站页面更具灵活性。主要实现了用户的注册登录、文章分类搜索、个人信息、历史发布等10个功能模块。

2、网站结构设计

 

 3、模块详细设计

3.1 登录、 注册、退出

3.2个人中心

3.3修改个人信息

 3.4  搜索文章

3.5 文章分类

 3.6  发布文章、评论

4、数据库设计

帖子分类表 cf

# 分类
class Cf(db.Model):
    __tablname__ = ‘cf‘
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)  # 数据库唯识别id
    name = db.Column(db.String(30))  # 文章名称
    context = db.Column(db.TEXT)  # 分类内容

 收藏表 collection

# 收藏表
Collection = db.Table(
    ‘collection‘,
    db.Column(‘id‘, db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True),
    db.Column(‘book_id‘, db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(‘question.id‘)),  # 评论对应的文章的id
    db.Column(‘collection‘, db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(‘user.id‘)),  # 收藏用户的id
    db.Column(‘createdate‘,db.DateTime, default=datetime.now())  # 发布时间

)

 评论表 comment

class Comment(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = ‘comment‘     #评论表
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    author_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(‘user.id‘))
    question_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(‘question.id‘))
    creat_time = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.now())
    detail = db.Column(db.TEXT, nullable=False)
    question = db.relationship(‘Question‘, backref=db.backref(‘comment‘))
    author = db.relationship(‘User‘, backref=db.backref(‘comment‘, order_by=creat_time.desc))           #此表按发布评论时间，时间新的排在前面

 存放帖子的表 question

class Question(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = ‘question‘               #发布问答表
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    title = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
    detail = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False)
    creat_time = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.now)
    author_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(‘user.id‘))
    cf = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(‘cf.id‘))
    look = db.Column(db.Integer)
    click = db.Column(db.Integer)
    author = db.relationship(‘User‘, backref=db.backref(‘question‘))
    cfClass = db.relationship(‘Cf‘, backref=db.backref(‘question‘))

 用户表 user

class User(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = ‘user‘
    # 建立一个表user
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False)
    _password = db.Column(db.String(200), nullable=False)
    say = db.Column(db.String(50))
    icon = db.Column(db.String(50))
    collection = db.relationship(‘Question‘, secondary=Collection, backref=db.backref(‘user‘, lazy=‘dynamic‘),
                                 lazy=‘dynamic‘)

    @property                       #密码加密
    def password(self):
        return self._password

    @password.setter
    def password(self, row_password):
        self._password = generate_password_hash(row_password)

    def check_password(self, row_password):
        return check_password_hash(self._password, row_password)

 5、系统实现的关键算法与数据结构

注册、验证是否登录、登录、退出

# 注册
@app.route(‘/regist/‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘])
def regist():
    if request.method == ‘GET‘:
        # 打开注册页的模板
        return render_template(‘regist.html‘)
    else:  # 收到用户上传的信息
        username = request.form.get(‘username‘)
        password = request.form.get(‘password‘)
        user = User.query.filter(User.username == username).first()
        if user:
            return ‘error:user exitst‘
        else:
            user = User(username=username, password=password)
            db.session.add(user)  # 加入数据库
            db.session.commit()
            return redirect(url_for(‘login‘))

# 定义一个装饰器出验证用户有是否是登陆
# 定义一个参数函数
def loginFirst(func):
    # 定义一个函数将其返回
    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        if session.get(‘username‘):
            return func(*args, **kwargs)
        else:
            return redirect(url_for(‘login‘))
            # 返回一个函数

    return wrapper

# 登陆
@app.route(‘/login/‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘])
def login():
    if request.method == ‘GET‘:
        return render_template(‘login.html‘)
    else:
        username = request.form.get(‘username‘)
        password = request.form.get(‘password‘)
        user = User.query.filter(User.username == username).first()
        if user:
            if user.check_password(password):
                session[‘username‘] = user.username
                session[‘user_id‘] = user.id
                session.permanent = True
                # 重新定位到首页
                return redirect(url_for(‘index‘))
            else:
                # 重新定位到注册
                return redirect(url_for(‘login‘))
        else:
            return redirect(url_for(‘login‘))

# 退出
@app.route(‘/logout/‘)
def logout():
    session.pop(‘username‘)
    return redirect(url_for(‘index‘))

 个人中心

# 上传头像
@app.route(‘/uploadLogo/<user_id>‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘])
def uploadLogo(user_id):
    user = User.query.filter(User.id == user_id).first()
    f = request.files[‘logo‘]
    basepath = os.path.dirname(__file__)  # 当前文件所在路径
    upload_path = os.path.join(basepath, ‘static/uploads‘, f.filename)  # 注意：没有的文件夹一定要先创建，不然会提示没有该路径
    f.save(upload_path)
    user.icon = ‘uploads/‘ + f.filename
    db.session.commit()
    return redirect(url_for(‘setPassword‘, id=user_id));

# 某用户发布过的所有评论
@app.route(‘/comment/<user_id>/<num>‘)
def comment(user_id, num):
    user = User.query.filter(User.id == user_id).first()
    content = {
        ‘username‘: user.username,
        ‘comment‘: user.comment,
        ‘questions‘: user.question,
        ‘user2‘: user,
    }
    if (num == ‘1‘):
        return render_template(‘subComment1.html‘, **content, title=‘全部问题‘)
    elif (num == ‘2‘):
        return render_template(‘subComment2.html‘, **content,title=‘全部评论‘)
    elif (num == ‘3‘):
        return render_template(‘subComment3.html‘, **content)
    elif (num == ‘4‘):
        content = {
            ‘comment‘: user.comment,
            ‘questions‘: user.collection.all(),
            ‘user2‘: user,
        }
        return render_template(‘subComment1.html‘, **content, title=‘我的收藏‘)
    else:
        return render_template(‘subComment1.html‘, **content)

#用户的收藏
@app.route(‘/c/<cf>‘)
def c(cf):
    content = {
        ‘questions‘: Question.query.filter(Question.cf == cf).order_by(‘-creat_time‘).all(),
        ‘cf‘: Cf.query.all(),
        ‘hot‘: Question.query.order_by(‘-click‘).all()[0:5]
    }
    return render_template(‘index.html‘, **content)

 搜索 查询

# 模糊查找
@app.route(‘/search‘)
def search():
    qu = request.args.get(‘q‘)
    c = ‘‘ if request.args.get(‘c‘) == ‘‘ else request.args.get(‘c‘)
    y = ‘‘ if request.args.get(‘y‘) == ‘‘ else request.args.get(‘y‘)
    query = Question.query.filter(
        or_(
            Question.title.contains(qu),
            Question.detail.contains(qu),
        ),
        Question.cf.like(‘%‘ + c + ‘%‘),
        Question.creat_time.like(‘%‘ + y + ‘%‘),
    ).order_by(‘-creat_time‘).all()
    context = {
        ‘questions‘: query,
        ‘cf‘: Cf.query.all(),
        ‘hot‘: Question.query.order_by(‘-click‘).all()[0:5]
    }
    return render_template(‘index.html‘, **context)

 更改信息

#重置密码
@app.route(‘/setPassword/<id>‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘])
@loginFirst
def setPassword(id):
    if request.method == ‘GET‘:
        return render_template(‘setPassword.html‘)
    else:
        user = User.query.filter(User.id == id).first()
        if user:
            if user.check_password(request.form.get(‘old‘)):
                user.password = request.form.get(‘new1‘)
                db.session.commit()
                info = ‘修改成功‘
            else:
                info = ‘原密码错误‘
        else:
            info = ‘未知错误‘
        return redirect(url_for(‘index‘, info=info))

 详情页

# 详情页
@app.route(‘/detail/<question_id>‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘])
@loginFirst
def detail(question_id):
    quest = Question.query.filter(Question.id == question_id).first()
    u = User.query.filter(User.id == session.get(‘user_id‘)).first()
    if request.method == ‘POST‘:
        if request.form.get(‘click‘) == ‘1‘:
            quest.click = quest.click + 1
        if request.form.get(‘collection‘) == ‘1‘:
            user = u
            user.collection.append(quest)
            db.session.add(user)
    col = u.collection.filter_by(id=question_id).first()
    if col is None:
        col = {}
    comment = Comment.query.filter(Comment.question_id == question_id).order_by(‘-creat_time‘).all()
    quest.look = quest.look + 1
    content = {
        ‘ques‘: quest,
        ‘comment‘: comment,
        ‘col‘: col,
        ‘questions‘: Question.query.filter(Question.cf == quest.cf).all(),
    }
    db.session.commit()
    return render_template(‘detail.html‘, **content)

 首页

# 首页
@app.route(‘/‘)
def index():
    if request.args.get(‘info‘):
        info = request.args.get(‘info‘)
    else:
        info = None;
    context = {
        ‘questions‘: Question.query.order_by(‘-creat_time‘).all(),
        ‘cf‘: Cf.query.all(),
        ‘info‘: info,
        ‘hot‘: Question.query.order_by(‘-click‘).all()[0:5]
    }
    return render_template(‘index.html‘, **context)

 发布评论

# 发布评论
@app.route(‘/answer/‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘])
def answer():
    if request.method == ‘POST‘:
        question_id = request.form.get(‘question_id‘)
        author_id = request.form.get(‘author_id‘)
        detail = request.form.get(‘detail‘)
        comment = Comment(question_id=question_id, author_id=author_id, detail=detail)
        db.session.add(comment)
        db.session.commit()
        return redirect(url_for(‘detail‘, question_id=question_id))

 发布帖子

# 发布问答
@app.route(‘/question/‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘])
@loginFirst
def question():
    if request.method == ‘GET‘:
        cf = Cf.query.all()
        return render_template(‘question.html‘, cf=cf)
    else:
        title = request.form.get(‘title‘)
        detail = request.form.get(‘detail‘)
        author_id = request.form.get(‘author_id‘)
        cf = request.form.get(‘cf‘)
        question = Question(title=title, detail=detail, author_id=author_id, cf=cf)
        db.session.add(question)  # 加入数据库
        db.session.commit()
        return redirect(url_for(‘index‘))

 6、成品展示

首页

登录页面

 

 

 

 

 

 注册页面

详情页面

 

 

发布帖子页面

 

 更改信息页面

 

 个人信息