语音处理基于matlab GUI语音信号处理与滤波含Matlab源码 1663期

Posted 2022-02-05 紫极神光

一、语音处理简介

语音信号的处理与滤波系统主要功能：录制一段自己的语音信号，并对录制的信号进行采样；画出采样后语音信号的时域波形和频谱图；给定滤波器的性能指标，采用窗函数法和双线性变换法设计滤波器，并画出滤波器的频率响应；然后用自己设计的滤波器对采集的信号进行滤波，画出滤波后信号的时域波形和频谱，并对滤波前后的信号进行对比，分析信号的变化；回放语音信号；换一个与你性别相异的人录制同样一段语音内容，分析两段内容相同的语音信号频谱之间有什么特点；再录制一段同样长时间的背景噪声叠加到你的语音信号中，分析叠加前后信号频谱的变化，设计一个合适的滤波器，能够把该噪声滤除。

二、部分源代码

function varargout = untitled(varargin)
% UNTITLED MATLAB code for untitled.fig
%      UNTITLED, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = UNTITLED returns the handle to a new UNTITLED or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      UNTITLED('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in UNTITLED.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      UNTITLED('Property','Value',...) creates a new UNTITLED or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before untitled_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to untitled_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help untitled

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 16-Aug-2021 15:45:41

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @untitled_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @untitled_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin1)
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin1);
end

if nargout
    [varargout1:nargout] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before untitled is made visible.
function untitled_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to untitled (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for untitled
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes untitled wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = untitled_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout1 = handles.output;

% 系统录音
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    set(handles.pushbutton1,'BackgroundColor',[0.545,0.753,0.988]);
    set(handles.pushbutton2,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton3,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton4,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton5,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton6,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton7,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton8,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    fs = 8000;           % 采样频率
    duration = 4;        % 时间长度(秒） 
    % 创建一个录音文件：fs =8000Hz, 16-bit, 单通道
    voice = audiorecorder(fs, 16, 1);   
    recordblocking(voice, duration);   % 录音2秒钟
    stop(voice);
    y = getaudiodata(voice);
    ymax = max(abs(y));  % 归一化
    y = y/ymax;
    audiowrite('系统录音.wav',y,fs); % 存储录音文件

% 语音播放
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    set(handles.pushbutton2,'BackgroundColor',[0.545,0.753,0.988]);
    set(handles.pushbutton1,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton3,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton4,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton5,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton6,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton7,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton8,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    fs = 8000;           % 采样频率
    duration = 4;        % 时间长度(秒） 
    n = duration*fs;     % 采样点数
    t = (1:n)/fs;
    y = audioread('系统录音.wav');  %读取音频100到10000部分
    plot(handles.axes1,t,y);                          % 画出声音的时域波形图
    xlabel(handles.axes1,'时间/s');                   % x轴标题
    ylabel(handles.axes1,'相对信号强度');                     % y轴标题
    L = length(y);
    X=fft(y,L);
    A = fftshift(X);
    A=abs(A);
    ws = 2* pi* fs;
    w1 = (-ws/2 + (0:L-1) * ws/L)/(2 * pi);
    plot(handles.axes2,w1, abs(A)); 
    xlabel(handles.axes2,'频率/Hz');
    ylabel(handles.axes2,'幅度');
    clear sound
    sound(y);

% 语音滤波
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    set(handles.pushbutton3,'BackgroundColor',[0.545,0.753,0.988]);
    set(handles.pushbutton2,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton1,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton4,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton5,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton6,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton7,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    set(handles.pushbutton8,'BackgroundColor',[0.651,0.651,0.651]);
    fs = 8000;           % 采样频率
    duration = 4;        % 时间长度(秒） 
    n = duration*fs;     % 采样点数
    t = (1:n)/fs;
    y = audioread('系统录音.wav');
    L = length(y);
    ws = 2* pi* fs;
    w1 = (-ws/2 + (0:L-1) * ws/L)/(2 * pi);
    fs1 = str2double(get(handles.edit1,'String'));  %阻带下边界
    fsu = str2double(get(handles.edit3,'String'));  %阻带上边界
    fpl = str2double(get(handles.edit2,'String'));  %通带下边界
    fpu = str2double(get(handles.edit4,'String'));  %通带上边界 
    As = str2double(get(handles.edit5,'String'));  %阻带最小衰减
    Fs = str2double(get(handles.edit6,'String'));  %抽样频率
    if ( fs1 > 100 || fsu > 100 || fpl > 100 || fpu > 100 || Fs > 100 )
        %msgbox('单位：kHz，请重新输入','注意');
        ha=msgbox('默认单位：kHz，请重新输入 0 ~ 100','注意');
        % 设置显示字体大小和粗细
        hb = findobj(ha, 'Type', 'text');
        set(hb, 'FontSize', 16, 'FontUnit', 'normal','FontWeight','Bold');
        % 设置字体居中
        th = findall(0, 'Tag','MessageBox' );
        boxPosition = get(ha,'position');
        textPosition = get(th, 'position'); 
        set(th, 'position', [boxPosition(3).*1 textPosition(2) textPosition(3)]);
        set(th, 'HorizontalAlignment', 'center');
        set(ha,'position',[400 400 300 50]);% 使用这个语句可以修改msgbox的位置和大小
        return;
    end
    if ( As > 80 )
        %msgbox('As的范围为 0 ~ 80 ，请重新输入','注意');
        ha=msgbox('As的范围为 0 ~ 80 ，请重新输入','注意');
        % 设置显示字体大小和粗细
        hb = findobj(ha, 'Type', 'text');
        set(hb, 'FontSize', 16, 'FontUnit', 'normal','FontWeight','Bold');
        % 设置字体居中
        th = findall(0, 'Tag','MessageBox' );
        boxPosition = get(ha,'position');
        textPosition = get(th, 'position'); 
        set(th, 'position', [boxPosition(3).*1 textPosition(2) textPosition(3)]);
        set(th, 'HorizontalAlignment', 'center');
        set(ha,'position',[400 400 300 50]);% 使用这个语句可以修改msgbox的位置和大小
        return;
    end

三、运行结果

四、matlab版本及参考文献

1 matlab版本
2014a

2 参考文献
[1]韩纪庆,张磊,郑铁然.语音信号处理（第3版）[M].清华大学出版社，2019.
[2]柳若边.深度学习:语音识别技术实践[M].清华大学出版社，2019.
[3]宋云飞,姜占才,魏中华.基于MATLAB GUI的语音处理界面设计[J].科技信息. 2013,(02)