Linux主机部署springboot项目全过程

Posted 2022-01-29 akyna-zh

作者: Jiang Zhihang

网站: AKYNAZH

注：部署环境为centos7.9版本

操作步骤如下：

• 配置Java环境
• 配置mysql环境
• 生成，上传并运行JAR包项目

配置Java环境

获取JDK

• 下载jdk压缩包： jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz

• 将jdk压缩包通过winsp上传至主机

• 解压缩jdk压缩包

  [root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# ls
  bin  jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz  passwd  var
  [root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz
  ...
  [root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# ls
  bin  jdk1.8.0_311  jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz  passwd  var
  

• 移动jdk到合适目录

  [root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# mkdir /usr/local/java
  [root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# mv ./jdk1.8.0_311 /usr/local/java
  

配置环境变量

Linux相关配置文件解析

bashrc部分:

• /etc/bashrc: 针对所有用户，每开启一个shell都会执行一次
• /etc/skel/.bashrc: 针对所有用户，用于在新建一个用户时默认给用户配置的bashrc
• ~/.bashrc: 只针对单个用户，每开启一个shell执行一次

profile部分:

• /etc/profile: 针对所有用户，首次登录执行一次
• /etc/skel/bash_profile: 针对所有用户，用于在新建一个用户时默认给用户配置的bashr_profile
• ~/.bash_profile: 只针对单个用户，首次登录执行一次

编辑/etc/bashrc文件

也可以选择编辑/etc/profile。

[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# vim /etc/bashrc # 进行全局配置

进行添加如下：

#JAVA
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_311
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

• 使配置文件生效：

source /etc/bashrc

验证Java环境：

[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_311"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_311-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.311-b11, mixed mode)
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# javac
Usage: javac <options> <source files>
where possible options include:
...

配置mysql环境

yum方式安装mysql57

这里实验环境为centos7.9版本，且采用yum方式安装mysql57。

# 获取mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm软件包
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
......
2022-01-02 12:07:24 (133 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm’ saved [26024/26024]

# 安装mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm软件包

[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
......
Updating / installing...
1:mysql80-community-release-el7-3  ################################# [100%]

# 这时查看/etc/yum.repos.d可以看到如下：
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# ls  /etc/yum.repos.d | grep mysql
mysql-community.repo
mysql-community-source.repo

# 将mysql80换为mysql57
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]#  yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community

# 查看是否切换成功：
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64    MySQL Connectors Community              221
mysql-tools-community/x86_64         MySQL Tools Community                   135
mysql57-community/x86_64             MySQL 5.7 Community Server              544

# 安装mysql57
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# yum install mysql-community-server
......
Installed:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.36-1.el7               mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.36-1.el7
mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.36-1.el7
......

运行mysql

# 开启mysql服务
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service

# 查看mysql服务状态
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-01-02 12:21:47 CST; 11s ago
......
Jan 02 12:21:41 VM-0-11-centos systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jan 02 12:21:47 VM-0-11-centos systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

配置mysql

设置root密码

# 获取初始mysql为root生成的默认密码并登录mysql
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-01-02T04:21:43.962084Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: mkjhMuJBe3,%
# 则默认密码为mkjhMuJBe3,%

[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: # 输入默认密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.36
...
mysql>

# 修改root账户登录密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '658766@Jzh';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

设置允许远程访问mysql

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '658766@Jzh' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

设置开机自启动mysql

[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# systemctl daemon-reload

设置mysql默认编码为utf-8

# 查看原来编码
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

# 编辑/etc/my.cnf文件
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]下新增：
character_set_server=utf8
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'

# 重启mysql服务
[root@VM-0-11-centos ~]# systemctl restart mysqld.service

# 再查看编码

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

建立数据库并新建表。

通过sql脚本快速建成。

生成，上传并运行JAR包项目

上传JAR包项目

mvn clean
mvn package

即可把项目打包为JAR包，再通过WINSP上传到服务器。

先新建一个app文件夹，放置项目所有内容：

mkdir /app
chmod 777 /app

新建并编辑application配置文件

由于主机上的mysql密码与本地mysql密码不同，所以在JAR包同一个文件目录下新建application配置文件并指定新的密码，允许JAR项目时该application配置文件优先级是更高的。这里我还指定了用于linux下文件读取上传的目录路径。

spring:
    datasource:
        password: ......
    resources:
        static-locations:
            - classpath:static/
            - file:/app/static/

[root@VM-0-11-centos app]# chmod -R 777 *
[root@VM-0-11-centos app]# ls
application.yaml  LonersHub-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar static

运行项目

确保需要的端口开启

netstat -ntlp

指定安全组规则

值得注意的一点是，在某云上购买的主机可能带有安全组，其优先级更高，所以想要开放8080端口，还得现在安全组那里先添加入站规则以放通8080端口。同样的，3306端口也一样要添加，否则同样是连接不上滴。

部署运行JAR包

java -jar LonersHub-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

这样的话关闭终端项目就停止运行了。

可以这样：

[root@VM-0-11-centos app]# nohup java -jar LonersHub-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar &
[1] 27108

这样即使关闭终端项目也仍旧运行着！

更新项目

首先删除原来的jar包并上传新的jar包。

然后杀死原本进程并运行jar包：

[root@VM-0-11-centos app]# ps -ef | grep java
root     13415     1  1 00:02 ?        00:00:18 java -jar LonersHub-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
root     16053 15504  0 00:21 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto java

[root@VM-0-11-centos app]# kill -9 12415

[root@VM-0-11-centos app]# nohup java -jar LonersHub-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar &

脚本实现：

# 编写脚本
[root@VM-0-11-centos app]# touch restart.sh
[root@VM-0-11-centos app]# vim restart.sh

kill -9 `ps -ef | grep LonersHub | grep -v color | awk 'print $2'`

nohup java -jar LonersHub-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar &

# 运行脚本
[root@VM-0-11-centos app]# sh restart.sh

总结

通过记录项目的完整部署运行过程，方便以后参考。

OVER.

作者: Jiang Zhihang

网站: AKYNAZH