如何使用正则表达式处理来自SOAP XML的数据

Posted 2021-05-06

我打算编写一个通过SOAP获取数据的脚本。我可以得到一个包含大量以下数据的文件，例如：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><soapenv:Body><ns0:GetList_Operation_0Response xmlns:ns0="urn:TEST:AST:Attributes" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Deployed</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDAQWDASDWA</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSDWDSDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-12T03:31:32+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
    <ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Being Assembled</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDQWAWDSADW</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSWDSWDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-10T03:30:21+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
    <ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Deployed</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDWASDWDASDW</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSDWDSDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-12T03:31:31+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
</ns0:GetList_Operation_0Response></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

您能否建议如何仅提取“AssetLifecycleStatus”之间的状态，例如：Deployed。它应该遍历此行的每个部分并将输出提供给新行。例：

部署

被组装

部署

哪个是操纵这些数据的最佳语言，是Perl吗？谢谢你的信息！

答案

解析XML并不是最好的语言。 Perl以其正则表达式而闻名，但使用专用解析器可以更好地解析XML。在perl中，XML::LibXML是一种广泛使用的。 Perl还有其他解析器，以及Python，Ruby，JS等。

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use XML::LibXML;

my $doc = XML::LibXML->load_xml(IO => *DATA);
    # can also load with (string => $xml_string) or (location => 'file.xml');
my @nodes = $doc->getElementsByTagName('ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus');

for my $node (@nodes) {
    print $node->textContent."
";
}


__DATA__
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><soapenv:Body><ns0:GetList_Operation_0Response xmlns:ns0="urn:TEST:AST:Attributes" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Deployed</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDAQWDASDWA</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSDWDSDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-12T03:31:32+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
    <ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Being Assembled</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDQWAWDSADW</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSWDSWDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-10T03:30:21+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
    <ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Deployed</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDWASDWDASDW</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSDWDSDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-12T03:31:31+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
</ns0:GetList_Operation_0Response></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

另一答案

如果你已经安装了Mojolicious framework，你可以使用ojo包编写一个简单的Perl单行程序。它被称为ojo，因为当你使用-M命令行时，它将成为-Mojo。

该程序假设有一个名为foo.xml的文件，其XML内容位于同一目录中。

$ perl -Mojo -E 'x(f("foo.xml")->slurp)->find("AssetLifecycleStatus")->map(sub{say $_->text})'
Deployed
Being Assembled
Deployed

我将引导您完成该计划。

perl                               # call the Perl interpreter
  -Mojo                            # load module ojo
  -E '                             # run the following program with all features turned on
    x(                             # ojo function to turn string into Mojo::DOM object
      f("foo.xml")                 # ojo function to create a Mojo::File object
        ->slurp                    # read in the whole file and return content
    )
    ->find("AssetLifecycleStatus") # find all instances of string in DOM with CSS selector
    ->map(                         # iterate and run on all instances ...
      sub {                        # ... this function ...
        say $_->text               # ... output text node of element with newline attached
      }
    )
  '

另一答案

如果您可以使用XSLT 2.0，请使用此代码。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    exclude-result-prefixes="xs"
    version="2.0">

    <xsl:template match="/">
        <xsl:for-each select="//*:AssetLifecycleStatus">
            <xsl:text>&#x000A;</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="."/>
        </xsl:for-each>
    </xsl:template>


</xsl:stylesheet>

输出是：

部署 被组装 部署