3D GIF中的colorbar

Posted 2021-04-26

所以我试图在一个盒子里绘制粒子的运动，并想用彩色条可视化速度。我的代码看起来像这样

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.cm as cm
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1 import make_axes_locatable

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
div = make_axes_locatable(ax)
cax = div.append_axes('right', size='15%', pad='5%')
tx = ax.set_title('Timestep 0')

def update(t):
    tx.set_text('Timestep {0}'.format(t))
    X,Y,Z,u,v,w=np.random.rand(6,6)
    track = ax.scatter(X, Y, Z, s=1, c=np.linalg.norm([u, v, w], axis=0), cmap=plt.cm.get_cmap('inferno'))
    cax.cla()
    plt.colorbar(track,cax=cax)
    return track, ax

if __name__ == '__main__':
    anim = FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=np.arange(10), interval=100, blit=False)
    anim.save('ClusterTrajectories.gif', dpi=150, writer='imagemagick')

但是，如果我运行它，我会得到以下错误

  Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 3, in <module>
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/animation.py", line 1007, in save
    anim._init_draw()
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/animation.py", line 1490, in _init_draw
    self._draw_frame(next(self.new_frame_seq()))
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/animation.py", line 1512, in _draw_frame
    self._drawn_artists = self._func(framedata, *self._args)
  File "<stdin>", line 6, in update
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 2262, in colorbar
    ret = gcf().colorbar(mappable, cax = cax, ax=ax, **kw)
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/figure.py", line 1602, in colorbar
    cb = cbar.colorbar_factory(cax, mappable, **kw)
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/colorbar.py", line 1347, in colorbar_factory
    cb = Colorbar(cax, mappable, **kwargs)
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/colorbar.py", line 926, in __init__
    ColorbarBase.__init__(self, ax, **kw)
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/colorbar.py", line 325, in __init__
    self.config_axis()
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/colorbar.py", line 360, in config_axis
    ax.yaxis.set_label_position(self.ticklocation)
  File "/home/itvmi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/axis.py", line 1811, in set_label_position
    raise ValueError(msg)
ValueError: Position accepts only [ 'top' | 'bottom' ]

不幸的是我现在不知道该怎么做，因为我不使用标签。我已经看到了其他例子，但这不是一个三维轴......如果有人知道该怎么做，那就太棒了，谢谢你提前。

答案

我猜mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1从未经过测试，可用于3D图。至少这里的问题来自make_axes_locatable。相反，如果你创建一个普通的轴

cax = fig.add_subplot(1,30,30)

它工作正常。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.cm as cm
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
cax = fig.add_subplot(1,30,30)

tx = ax.set_title('Timestep 0')

def update(t):
    tx.set_text('Timestep {0}'.format(t))
    X,Y,Z,u,v,w=np.random.rand(6,6)
    track = ax.scatter(X, Y, Z, s=1, c=np.linalg.norm([u, v, w], axis=0), cmap=, cmap='inferno')
    cax.cla()
    plt.colorbar(track,cax=cax)
    return track, ax

if __name__ == '__main__':
    anim = FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=np.arange(10), interval=100, blit=False)
    anim.save('ClusterTrajectories.gif', dpi=150, writer='imagemagick')

或者，为了避免重叠，可以使用GridSpec作为

from matplotlib.gridspec import GridSpec

gs = GridSpec(1,30)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[:-1], projection='3d')
cax = fig.add_subplot(gs[-1])