在后台应用程序时不会触发地理围栏通知

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我已经经历了很多SO帖子,但对我来说还没有任何效果。我试图在设备进入地理围栏时触发通知。但是在应用程序打开之前它不会触发。当应用程序处于后台时,如何触发通知?

地理围栏:

public class Geofencing implements ResultCallback {

    // Constants
    public static final String TAG = Geofencing.class.getSimpleName();
    private static final float GEOFENCE_RADIUS = 50; // 50 meters
    private static final long GEOFENCE_TIMEOUT = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 24 hours

    private List<Geofence> mGeofenceList;
    private PendingIntent mGeofencePendingIntent;
    private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
    private Context mContext;

    public Geofencing(Context context, GoogleApiClient client) {
        mContext = context;
        mGoogleApiClient = client;
        mGeofencePendingIntent = null;
        mGeofenceList = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    /***
     * Registers the list of Geofences specified in mGeofenceList with Google Place Services
     * Uses {@code #mGoogleApiClient} to connect to Google Place Services
     * Uses {@link #getGeofencingRequest} to get the list of Geofences to be registered
     * Uses {@link #getGeofencePendingIntent} to get the pending intent to launch the IntentService
     * when the Geofence is triggered
     * Triggers {@link #onResult} when the geofences have been registered successfully
     */
    public void registerAllGeofences() {
        // Check that the API client is connected and that the list has Geofences in it
        if (mGoogleApiClient == null || !mGoogleApiClient.isConnected() ||
                mGeofenceList == null || mGeofenceList.size() == 0) {
            return;
        }
        try {
            LocationServices.GeofencingApi.addGeofences(
                    mGoogleApiClient,
                    getGeofencingRequest(),
                    getGeofencePendingIntent()
            ).setResultCallback(this);
        } catch (SecurityException securityException) {
            // Catch exception generated if the app does not use ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission.
            Log.e(TAG, securityException.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /***
     * Unregisters all the Geofences created by this app from Google Place Services
     * Uses {@code #mGoogleApiClient} to connect to Google Place Services
     * Uses {@link #getGeofencePendingIntent} to get the pending intent passed when
     * registering the Geofences in the first place
     * Triggers {@link #onResult} when the geofences have been unregistered successfully
     */
    public void unRegisterAllGeofences() {
        if (mGoogleApiClient == null || !mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
            return;
        }
        try {
            LocationServices.GeofencingApi.removeGeofences(
                    mGoogleApiClient,
                    // This is the same pending intent that was used in registerGeofences
                    getGeofencePendingIntent()
            ).setResultCallback(this);
        } catch (SecurityException securityException) {
            // Catch exception generated if the app does not use ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission.
            Log.e(TAG, securityException.getMessage());
        }
    }


    /***
     * Updates the local ArrayList of Geofences using data from the passed in list
     * Uses the Place ID defined by the API as the Geofence object Id
     *
     * @param places the PlaceBuffer result of the getPlaceById call
     */
    public void updateGeofencesList(PlaceBuffer places) {
        mGeofenceList = new ArrayList<>();
        if (places == null || places.getCount() == 0) return;
        for (Place place : places) {
            // Read the place information from the DB cursor
            String placeUID = place.getId();
            double placeLat = place.getLatLng().latitude;
            double placeLng = place.getLatLng().longitude;
            // Build a Geofence object
            Geofence geofence = new Geofence.Builder()
                    .setRequestId(placeUID)
                    .setExpirationDuration(GEOFENCE_TIMEOUT)
                    .setCircularRegion(placeLat, placeLng, GEOFENCE_RADIUS)
                    .setTransitionTypes(Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER | Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT)
                    .build();
            // Add it to the list
            mGeofenceList.add(geofence);
        }
    }

    /***
     * Creates a GeofencingRequest object using the mGeofenceList ArrayList of Geofences
     * Used by {@code #registerGeofences}
     *
     * @return the GeofencingRequest object
     */
    private GeofencingRequest getGeofencingRequest() {
        GeofencingRequest.Builder builder = new GeofencingRequest.Builder();
        builder.setInitialTrigger(GeofencingRequest.INITIAL_TRIGGER_ENTER);
        builder.addGeofences(mGeofenceList);
        return builder.build();
    }

    /***
     * Creates a PendingIntent object using the GeofenceTransitionsIntentService class
     * Used by {@code #registerGeofences}
     *
     * @return the PendingIntent object
     */
    private PendingIntent getGeofencePendingIntent() {
        // Reuse the PendingIntent if we already have it.
        if (mGeofencePendingIntent != null) {
            return mGeofencePendingIntent;
        }
        //Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, GeofenceBroadcastReceiver.class);
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.aol.android.geofence.ACTION_RECEIVE_GEOFENCE");
        mGeofencePendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, intent, PendingIntent.
                FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
        return mGeofencePendingIntent;
    }

    @Override
    public void onResult(@NonNull Result result) {
        Log.e(TAG, String.format("Error adding/removing geofence : %s",
                result.getStatus().toString()));
    }

}

Geofence BroadcastReceiver:

public class GeofenceBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    public static final String TAG = GeofenceBroadcastReceiver.class.getSimpleName();

    /***
     * Handles the Broadcast message sent when the Geofence Transition is triggered
     * Careful here though, this is running on the main thread so make sure you start an AsyncTask for
     * anything that takes longer than say 10 second to run
     *
     * @param context
     * @param intent
     */
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // Get the Geofence Event from the Intent sent through

        Log.d("onRecccc","trt");

        GeofencingEvent geofencingEvent = GeofencingEvent.fromIntent(intent);
        if (geofencingEvent.hasError()) {
            Log.e(TAG, String.format("Error code : %d", geofencingEvent.getErrorCode()));
            return;
        }

        // Get the transition type.
        int geofenceTransition = geofencingEvent.getGeofenceTransition();
        // Check which transition type has triggered this event

        // Send the notification
        sendNotification(context, geofenceTransition);
    }


    /**
     * Posts a notification in the notification bar when a transition is detected
     * Uses different icon drawables for different transition types
     * If the user clicks the notification, control goes to the MainActivity
     *
     * @param context        The calling context for building a task stack
     * @param transitionType The geofence transition type, can be Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER
     *                       or Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT
     */
    private void sendNotification(Context context, int transitionType) {
        // Create an explicit content Intent that starts the main Activity.
        Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(context, MainActivity.class);

        // Construct a task stack.
        TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(context);

        // Add the main Activity to the task stack as the parent.
        stackBuilder.addParentStack(MainActivity.class);

        // Push the content Intent onto the stack.
        stackBuilder.addNextIntent(notificationIntent);

        // Get a PendingIntent containing the entire back stack.
        PendingIntent notificationPendingIntent =
                stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(0, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

        // Get a notification builder
        NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(context);

        // Check the transition type to display the relevant icon image
        if (transitionType == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER) {
            builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp)
                    .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
                            R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp))
                    .setContentTitle("You have a task nearby")
                    .setSound(RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION))
                    //Vibration
                    .setVibrate(new long[]{300,300})
                    .setLights(Color.RED, 3000, 3000);
                    //LED


        } else if (transitionType == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT) {
            builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp)
                    .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
                            R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp))
                    .setContentTitle(context.getString(R.string.back_to_normal));
        }

        // Continue building the notification
        builder.setContentText(context.getString(R.string.touch_to_relaunch));
        builder.setContentIntent(notificationPendingIntent);

        // Dismiss notification once the user touches it.
        builder.setAutoCancel(true);

        // Get an instance of the Notification manager
        NotificationManager mNotificationManager =
                (NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

        // Issue the notification
        mNotificationManager.notify(0, builder.build());
    }

}

编辑:

 @Override
    protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent) {
        //Create geofences from SharedPreferences/network responses
        //Connect to location services


        mClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)

                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .addApi(Places.GEO_DATA_API)
                .addApi(Places.PLACE_DETECTION_API)
                .build();

        mGeofencing = new Geofencing(this, mClient);
        GeofencingEvent geofencingEvent = GeofencingEvent.fromIntent(intent);
        if (geofencingEvent.hasError()) {
            Log.e("dsadsa", String.format("Error code : %d", geofencingEvent.getErrorCode()));
            return;
        }
    }


    public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
        //Add geofences
        mGeofencing.registerAllGeofences();

    }

到目前为止我已经这样做了,但仍然没有运气..

答案

我有同样的问题,直到应用程序处于前景地理位置工作完美并且每次设备进入/退出时触发但是当应用程序进入后台时我没有得到任何通知。

我怀疑它是Android O背景限制,但它也不适用于Android 7。

我尝试过使用Broadcaster接收器或服务,两者都在前台工作但在后台工作。必须有一些我们错过的(或错误),因为它们不可能在后台工作。

另一答案

当应用程序在后台时(用户单击“主页”按钮,或多次返回,直到他看到主屏幕),我遇到同样的问题。

我尝试通过在Manifest中注册BroadcastReceiver而不是IntentService来解决它。它没有帮助,因为我得到了相同的结果..

然后,我尝试了这个:打开应用程序,添加地理围栏并进入主屏幕。你可能已经明白地理围栏没有触发..但是当我点击谷歌地图而不是我的应用程序..它被触发了!

因此,如果有任何应用程序请求位置更新(如谷歌地图),似乎正在开发背景。

所以我尝试了这种方法:我创建了一个粘性服务,用于使用LocationServices.FusedLocationApi请求位置更新..此服务包含GoogleApiClient并实现GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacksGoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener

但猜猜怎么了?它仍然无法在背景上工作:(

更新:在我尝试了很多次以使其工作之后......它终于奏效了!我有一个带有Google Play services (version 11.3.02)Android 7.0的Android模拟器如果你想要一个很好的解释如何使用Geofence以及如何使用模拟器take a look at this link进行检查

现在,当应用程序在前台然后在后台运行时,我已尝试使用此模拟器进行地理围栏!

当我说它在背景上对我不起作用时,该模拟器上的Android版本是Android 8.所以我想我需要找到一个适用于Android 8的解决方案 - >一个好的开始是这个this documentation link,他们在那里解释他们如何现在处理后台和前台应用程序。

另一答案

您发布的代码是关于在应用运行+处理地理围栏事件时注册地理围栏。此外,根据documentation,有五个事件您应该重新注册您的地理围栏:

  1. 设备重新启动。应用程序应该监听设备的启动完成操作,然后重新注册所需的地理围栏。
  2. 该应用程序已卸载并重新安装。
  3. 应用程序的数据已清除。
  4. Google Play服务数据已清除。
  5. 该应用已收到GEOFENCE_NOT_AVAILABLE警报。这通常发生在禁用NLP(Android的网络位置提供程序)之后。

让我们一个一个地弄清楚:

关于2和3没有任何关系,如果地理围栏被分配到您的应用程序中的某种经过身份验证的活动,那么您根本不需要它们。

关于4,它几乎就像2和3,我没有尝试深入研究这个,但我认为没有办法听这个事件。

通过注册BroadcastReceiver可以很容易地解决1:

public class BootBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Intent startServiceIntent = new Intent(context, AddingGeofencesService.class);
        context.startService(startServiceIntent);
    }
}

注意AddingGeofencesService,一旦在BootBroadcastReceiver收到意图,你应该创建一个服务来添加地理围栏。像这样的东西:

public class AddingGeofencesService extends IntentService implements GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks {

    public AddingGeofencesService() {
        super("AddingGeofencesService");
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent) {
            //Create geofences from SharedPreferences/network responses
            //Connect to location services
        }
    }

    public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
        //Add geofences
    }
    ...
}

我们不要忘记清单代码:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />

<service android:name=".AddingGeofencesService"/>

<receiver android:name=".BootBroadcastReceiver">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

5主要指位置提供者的变化。这种情况的解决方案也是BroadcastReceiver

public class LocationProviderChangedBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    boolean isGpsEnabled;
    boolean isNetworkEnabled;

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if (intent.getAction().matches("android.location.PROVIDERS_CHANGED"))
        {
            LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
            isGpsEnabled = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
            isNetworkEnabled = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);

            if (isGpsEnabled || isNetworkEnabled) {
                Intent startServiceIntent = new Intent(context, AddingGeofencesService.class);
                context.startService(startServiceIntent);
            }
        }
    }
}

表现:

<receiver
    android:name=".LocationProviderChangedBroadcastReceiver"
    android:exported="false" >
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.location.PROVIDERS_CHANGED" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

编辑:

我在这里提供用于管理地理围栏的代码。除了上面的答案之外,还有它。

我排除了与答案无关的LocationServicesManager子类。

/*
 * This class does not handle permission checks/missing permissions. The context that's containing
 * this class is responsible of that.
 */
public class LocationServicesManager implements
        GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks,
        GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener {

    private static final String TAG = "YOURTAG";

    private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
    private Context context;

    public GeofencesManager geofencesManager;

    private OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener onGoogleServicesConnectedListener;

    public LocationServicesManager(Context context,
                                   OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener onGoogleServicesConnectedListener) {
        this.context = context;
        this.onGoogleServicesConnectedListener = onGoogleServicesConnectedListener;
        buildGoogleApiClient(context);
    }

    public void GeofencesManager() {
        geofencesManager = new GeofencesManager();
    }

    //region Definition, handling connection
    private synchronized void buildGoogleApiClient(Context context) {
        mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(context)
                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .build();
    }

    public void connect() {
        mGoogleApiClient.connect();
    }

    public void disconnect() {
        if (mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
            mGoogleApiClient.disconnect();
        }
    }

    public boolean isConnected() {
        return mGoogleApiClient.isConnected();
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"MissingPermission"})
    @Override
    public void onConnected(Bundle connectionHint) {
        onGoogleServicesConnectedListener.onGoogleServicesConnected();
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionFailed(@NonNull ConnectionResult result) {
        Log.i(TAG, "Connection failed: ConnectionResult.getErrorCode() = " + result.getErrorCode());
    }


    @Override
    public void onConnectionSuspended(int cause) {
        // Trying to re-establish the connection.
        Log.i(TAG, "Connection suspended");
        mGoogleApiClient.connect();
    }
    //endregion

    public class GeofencesManager implements ResultCallback<Status> {

        private ArrayList<Geofence> mGeofenceList = new ArrayList<>();

        private PendingIntent mGeofencePendingIntent = null;

        private GeofencesManager() {

        }

        public void addGeofenceToList(String key, long expirationDuration, Location location, int radius) {
            addGeofenceToList(key, expirationDuration, new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude()), radius);
        }

        public void addGeofenceToList(String key, long expirationDuration, LatLng location, int radius) {
            if (location != null) {
                mGeofenceList.add(new Geofence.Builder()
                        .setRequestId(key)
                        .setCircularRegion(location.latitude, location.longitude, radius)
                        .setExpirationDuration(expirationDuration)
                        .setTransiti

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