我如何使函数在派生类中工作？

Posted 2021-04-12

这是我的代码。它具有一个名为PC的抽象类和一个名为HomePC，GamingPC和WorkStationPC的3个派生类。它必须执行4件事：1）创建任何类型的新pc，2）升级已经存在的pc，3）删除已经存在的pc并4）打印特定类型的所有pc。我设法使“新”和“打印”功能起作用。我不知道如何使“升级”和“删除”功能起作用。我想它们会相似。如果有人对我该怎么做有想法，请告诉我。

谢谢！

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class PC{
protected:
    string operatingSystem;
    int ramSlots;
    int pcieSlots;
    int cpu;
    int totalRamSlots;
    int gbPerRam;
    int ssd;
    int cost;
public:
    virtual void Print() = 0;
    virtual void Upgrade(string opt) = 0;

    PC(string OS, int moboRam, int moboPcie, int numOfCores, int ramSlots, int ramGB, int ssdGB, int pcCost){
        operatingSystem = OS;
        ramSlots = moboRam;
        pcieSlots = moboPcie;
        cpu = numOfCores;
        totalRamSlots = ramSlots;
        gbPerRam = ramGB;
        ssd = ssdGB;
        cost = pcCost;      
    }
};

class HomePC: public PC{
private:
    string model;
public:
    HomePC(string OS, int moboRam, int moboPcie, int numOfCores, int ramSlot, int ramGB, int ssdGB, int pcCost, string mdl):PC(OS, moboRam, moboPcie, numOfCores, ramSlot, ramGB, ssdGB, pcCost){
        model = mdl;        
    }

    void set_totalRamSlots(int ramSlots){totalRamSlots = ramSlots;}
    void set_gbPerRam(int ramGB){gbPerRam = ramGB;}
    void set_cpu(int numOfCores){cpu = numOfCores;}

    //delete spaces

    void Print(){ cout << "Μodel: " << model << endl << "Operating System: MacOS" <<endl << "Motherboard: 2 RAM slot(s), 0 GPU slot(s)" << endl << "CPU: " << cpu << endl << "RAM: " << totalRamSlots << " stick(s), " << gbPerRam << " GigaBytes" << endl << "SSD: 256" << endl << "Cost: 800EUR" << endl;}
    void Upgrade(string opt){ cout << opt << endl;}

    //delete spaces

    string get_model() const {return model;}
};

class GamingPC: public PC{
private:
    string model;
    int gpu;
public:
    GamingPC(string OS, int moboRam, int moboPcie, int numOfCores, int ramSlot, int ramGB, int ssdGB, int pcCost, int numOfGpus, string mdl):PC(OS, moboRam, moboPcie, numOfCores, ramSlot, ramGB, ssdGB, pcCost){
        model = mdl;
        gpu = numOfGpus;
    }

    //delete spaces

    void set_totalRamSlots(int ramSlots){totalRamSlots = ramSlots;}
    void set_gbPerRam(int ramGB){gbPerRam = ramGB;}
    void set_cpu(int numOfCores){cpu = numOfCores;}
    void set_gpu(int numOfGpus){gpu = numOfGpus;}

    //delete spaces

    void Print(){ cout << "Μodel: " << model << endl << "Operating System: MacOS" << endl << "Motherboard: 4 RAM slot(s), 2 GPU slot(s)" << endl << "CPU: " << cpu << endl << "RAM: "<< totalRamSlots << " stick(s), " << gbPerRam << " GigaBytes" << endl << "SSD: 256" << endl << "GPU: " << gpu << endl << "Cost: 1300EUR" << endl;}
    void Upgrade(string opt){ cout << opt << endl;}

    //delete spaces

    string get_model() const {return model;}
};

class WorkStationPC: public PC{
private:
    string model;
    int gpu;
    bool afterburner;
public:
    WorkStationPC(string OS, int moboRam, int moboPcie, int numOfCores, int ramSlot, int ramGB, int ssdGB, int pcCost, int numOfGpus, bool aburner, string mdl):PC(OS, moboRam, moboPcie, numOfCores, ramSlot, ramGB, ssdGB, pcCost){
        model = mdl;
        gpu = numOfGpus;
        afterburner = aburner;
    }

    //delete spaces

    void set_totalRamSlots(int ramSlots){totalRamSlots = ramSlots;}
    void set_gbPerRam(int ramGB){gbPerRam = ramGB;}
    void set_cpu(int numOfCores){cpu = numOfCores;}
    void set_gpu(int numOfGpus){gpu = numOfGpus;}
    void set_afterburner(int aburner){afterburner = aburner;}

    //delete spaces

    void Print(){ cout << "Μodel: " << model << endl << "Operating System: MacOS" << endl << "Motherboard: 8 RAM slot(s), 1 GPU slot(s)" << endl << "CPU: " << cpu << endl << "RAM: " << totalRamSlots << " stick(s), " << gbPerRam << " GigaBytes" << endl << "SSD: 256" << endl << "GPU: " << gpu << endl << "Afterburner: " << afterburner << endl << "Cost: 1600EUR" << endl;}
    void Upgrade(string opt){ cout << opt << endl;}

    //delete spaces

    string get_model() const {return model;}
};



int main(){
    vector<int> count_homepc;
    vector<int> count_gamingpc;
    vector<int> count_workstationpc;
    int i, k = 0;
    string input, opCode, key=" ", pcType, pcModel, data[5];
    size_t pos = 0;
    vector<PC*> pcList;
    do{
        cout << "---Enter an operation:" << endl;
        getline(cin,input);
        pos=input.find(key);
        opCode=input.substr(0,pos);
        input.erase(0,pos + 1);
        if(opCode=="new"){
            pos=input.find(key);
            pcType=input.substr(0,pos);
            input.erase(0,pos + 1);
            pcModel=input;
            if(pcType=="homepc"){
                HomePC* myPC = new HomePC("MacOS", 2, 0, 2, 1, 4, 256, 800, pcModel);
                pcList.push_back(myPC);
                count_homepc.push_back(k);
            }else if(pcType=="gamingpc"){
                GamingPC* myPC = new GamingPC("Windows", 4, 2, 6, 2, 8, 1024, 1300, 1, pcModel);
                pcList.push_back(myPC);
                count_gamingpc.push_back(k);
            }else if(pcType=="workstationpc"){
                WorkStationPC* myPC = new WorkStationPC("Linux", 8, 1, 6, 4, 16, 2048, 1600, 0, 0, pcModel);
                pcList.push_back(myPC);
                count_workstationpc.push_back(k);
            }else cout << "Wrong PC type, try again." << endl;
        }else if(opCode=="upgrade"){
            pos=input.find(key);
            pcModel=input.substr(0,pos);
            input.erase(0,pos + 1);
            cout << input << endl;
        }else if(opCode=="delete"){ 
            cout << "WIP" << endl;
        }else if(opCode=="print"){
            cout << endl;
            int point;
            if(input=="homepc"){
                for(i=0;i<count_homepc.size();i++){
                    point = count_homepc[i];
                    pcList[point]->Print();
                    cout << endl;
                }
            }else if(input=="gamingpc"){
                for(i=0;i<count_gamingpc.size();i++){
                    point = count_gamingpc[i];
                    pcList[point]->Print();
                    cout << endl;
                }
            }else if(input=="workstationpc"){
                for(i=0;i<count_workstationpc.size();i++){
                    point = count_workstationpc[i];
                    pcList[point]->Print();
                    cout << endl;
                }
            }
        }else if(opCode!="q") cout << "Wrong operation, try again." << endl;
        k++;
    }while(opCode!="q"); //when someone inputs the string "q" the loop ends
    return 0;
}

答案

删除

似乎您将PC的名称保留在名为model的成员中。首先要做的是将其从所有3个派生类中删除，并将其放入基础PC类中。这就是它所属的地方。每台电脑必须有一个名称。您有4件事要做：

• 读取PC名称
• 在向量中搜索
• 实际上删除PC
• 从向量中擦除PC指针

// "name" is the name of target "PC"
for(auto i = 0; i < pcList.size(); i++)
    if(pcList[i]->model == name) {
        delete pcList[i];
        pcList.erase(pcList.begin() + i);
        break;
    }

U可以设置一个auto found = false并在找到PC时将其设置为true，因此您知道是否实际上有一个具有该名称的PC

升级

这有点复杂，因为您必须传递多个内容。实现此目的的一种方法是通过设置循环一次参与其中。每当您进入循环中时，您都可以选择要升级或退出的部分。看起来像：

std::cin >> pc; // Pos in vector
while(true) {
    // 1: upgrade cpu
    // 2: upgrade ram
    // ...
    // 0: finish
    int option;
    std::cin >> option;
    if(option == cpu) { // "cpu" should be a constant. In this case is integer "1"
        int cpu; // The new cpu goes here
        std::cin >> cpu;
        pcList[pc]->cpu = cpu;
        // pcList[pc]->upgradeCpu(cpu); // If u wanna do it OOP. Same as the line before
        // I see u have "set_cpu()" and more fcts for that. Use them
    }
    // Repeat here for every upgradable part of a pc
    else if(option == exit)
        break;
}

另一答案

您可以基于为每台PC赋予的唯一ID进行删除或升级。这样，您可以拥有多台具有相同型号和名称的PC。此ID可以是当推送到该pc时为该pc指定的pcList向量的索引。当用户输入操作“ new”和一台PC时，您可以输出pcList.size（），它将以ID的形式提供给新PC。并且当用户想要升级或删除时，他必须指定他想要修改的PC的ID]