Android：activity数据传递，详细讲解+超多图~

Posted 2023-04-01 隔壁有花椒

向下一个Activity传递数据

1、创建Activity

2、SendActivity发送数据，ReceiveActivity接收数据

3、manifest清单文件设置（SendActivity为主界面，如果是直接创建class文件的话记得注册！仿造框一就可以了，没有注册会导致跳转崩溃哦）

4、打开布局文件

activity_receive.xml添加TextView，作为数据显示的位置

activity_send.xml增加一个TextView跟一个Button，TextView是数据内容，点击Button进行跳转，并且获取TextView的文本内容

代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".SendActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_content"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="Hello World"
        android:textSize="26sp" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_send_data"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送数据" />
</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".ReceiveActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_receive"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:textSize="26sp" />

</LinearLayout>

5、SendActivity.java进行的操作

1）绑定控件ID

2）监听按钮

3）初始化意图（Intent）并且定义从当前活动跳转到目标活动

4）初始化Bundle

5）使用putString把数据放入Bundle当中

6）把Bundle放入意图

7）开启跳转

代码：

public class SendActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener 

    private TextView tv_content;
    private Button btn_send_date;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_send);
        tv_content = findViewById(R.id.tv_content);
        btn_send_date = findViewById(R.id.btn_send_data);
        btn_send_date.setOnClickListener(this);
    

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) 
        Intent intent = new Intent(this,ReceiveActivity.class);
        Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
        //传递的数据自己定义，我这边传递的数据是id为tv_content的文本内容
        bundle.putString("request_content",tv_content.getText().toString());
        intent.putExtras(bundle);
        startActivity(intent);
    

小技巧：监听控件的时候，输入this提醒错误

移到报错这个位置，Alt+回车，选择第二个，as自动补全需要的代码，不用每次自己敲

 6、ReceiveActivity.java进行的操作

1）绑定控件ID

2）调用getExtras方法，获取数据

3）获取key为request_content的数据，key要去SendActivit命名一样，才能获取到数据

4）将获取到的数据，格式化为字符串

5）把获取到的数据写入到TextView当中

代码：

public class ReceiveActivity extends AppCompatActivity 

    private TextView tv_receive;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_act_receive_acitivity);
        tv_receive = findViewById(R.id.tv_receive);
        Bundle bundle=getIntent().getExtras();
        String request_content = bundle.getString("request_content");
        Log.e("Tag",request_content);
        String decs =String.format(request_content);
        tv_receive.setText(decs);
    

效果图：

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 向上一个Activity传递数据

先传一下代码，后面有时间了再补充一下解释~

startActivityForResult();弃用了，用ActivityResultLauncher回传数据

public class RequestActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener 

    private TextView tv_request;
    private TextView tv_response;
    private Button btn_request;
    private static final String mRequest = "哈喽哈喽在干嘛！";
    private ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> intentActivityResultLauncher;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_request);
        tv_request = findViewById(R.id.tv_request);
        btn_request = findViewById(R.id.btn_request);
        tv_response = findViewById(R.id.tv_response);
        btn_request.setOnClickListener(this);
        tv_request.setText("待发送的信息为：" + mRequest);
        btn_request.setOnClickListener(this);
        intentActivityResultLauncher = registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), result -> 
            if (result != null) 
                Intent intent =result.getData();
                if (result != null && result.getResultCode() == Activity.RESULT_OK) 
                    Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
                    String response_content = bundle.getString("response_content");
                    String decs = String.format(response_content);
                    tv_response.setText("收到回复信息："+decs);
                
            

        );
    

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) 
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, ResponseActivity.class);
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("request_content", mRequest);
        intent.putExtras(bundle);
        intentActivityResultLauncher.launch(intent);
    

public class ResponseActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener 

    private TextView tv_response;
    private TextView tv_request;
    private Button btn_response;
    private static final String mResponse="我在学习呢";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_response);
        tv_response = findViewById(R.id.tv_response);
        tv_request = findViewById(R.id.tv_request);
        btn_response = findViewById(R.id.btn_response);
        tv_response.setText("待应答的消息："+mResponse);
        Bundle bundle=getIntent().getExtras();
        String request_content = bundle.getString("request_content");
        String decs=String.format(request_content);
        tv_request.setText("收到信息："+decs);
        btn_response.setOnClickListener(this);
    

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) 
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("response_content",mResponse);
        intent.putExtras(bundle);
        setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK,intent);
        finish();
    

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".RequestActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_request"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_request"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送请求数据"
        android:textSize="26sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_response"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".ResponseActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_request"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_response"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="返回应答数据"
        android:textSize="26sp" />


    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_response"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>