k8s单节点部署无坑

Posted 2021-03-21 willing6

K8s安装步骤

常用命令

#查看当前yum里面的Kubernetes版本
yum info kubernetes

#查看docker版本号
docker --version

#查看docker镜像
docker images  或者docer image ls

#查看pod实例分配的IP地址
kubectl get pods -o wide

#查看Kubetnetes里面的service
kubectl get svc

#查看状态
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces  

#查看service
kubectl --namespace=kube-system get deployment kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl --namespace=kube-system get service kubernetes-dashboard

#获取nodes节点
kubectl get nodes
kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces  

#查询故障信息
kubectl get pods -n kube-system |grep -v Running
kubectl describe pod kubernetes-dashboard-5c469b58b8-bltsw -n kube-system
#升级集群到新的版本
kubeadm upgrage
kubeadm reset
#管理token
kubeadm token
#版本
kubeadm version

#查看状态
systemctl status kubelet

kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system

kubectl get pods -n kube-system |grep -v Running

kubectl describe pod kubernetes-dashboard-5c469b58b8-bltsw -n kube-system

1.查看版本号

# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
# uname -r
3.10.0-862.9.1.el7.x86_64

2.设置主机名称(非必须)

hostnamectl set-hostname DowayDocker

3.准备环境

关闭防火墙：
$ systemctl stop firewalld
$ systemctl disable firewalld

关闭selinux：
$ sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config 
$ setenforce 0

关闭swap：
$ swapoff -a  $ 临时
$ vim /etc/fstab  $ 永久

关闭swap：(方式二)
swapoff -a
echo "vm.swappiness = 0">> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p

将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链：
$ cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
$ sysctl --system
# 加载内核模块
modprobe br_netfilter
lsmod | grep br_netfilter

4.所有节点安琥藏Docker/kubeadm/kubelet

Kubernetes默认CRI（容器运行时）为Docker，因此先安装Docker。

5.设置yum源(Docker-18.6 K8S-1.14.0)

# base repo
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak
curl -o CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
sed -i 's/gpgcheck=1/gpgcheck=0/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

# docker repo
curl -o docker-ce.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# k8s repo
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

# update cache
yum clean all  
yum makecache  
yum repolist

6.安装Docker(最好指定版本号)

安装Docker

yum install docker-ce-18.06.3.ce

启动docker

systemctl enable docker --now

查看docker状态

systemctl status docker

7.安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl(指定版本号)

安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl

$ yum install -y kubelet-1.14.0 kubeadm-1.14.0 kubectl-1.14.0
$ systemctl enable kubelet

#安装kubelet 后会在/etc下生成文件目录/etc/kubernetes/manifests/

8.部署Kubernetes Master

kubeadm init   --apiserver-advertise-address=172.19.91.28   --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers   --kubernetes-version v1.14.0   --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16   --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16  --ignore-preflight-errors=NumCPU

阿里云

kubeadm join xxxx:6443 --token fw6wss.b62mldqm4yvee1pu     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:d8ee827fcb07aa69647a7436f370781249a3d1a08b226be0d210cfd3ac216bd6

#加载环境变量
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

9.安装网络插件

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/a70459be0084506e4ec919aa1c114638878db11b/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

10.部署Dashboard

下载kubernetes-dashboard.yaml文件

#下载yaml文件
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.10.1/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

修改kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

#替换images
containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        #image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
        image: lizhenliang/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1#新增

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort #新增
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 30001 #新增
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

创建Dashboard

kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml  #创建dashboard

https://<ip地址>:<端口号port>访问dashboard地址

获取Token

kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system

kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin

kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

通过token登陆

11 Pod调度到Master节点

1.如何将Master也当作Node使用

kubectl taint node master node-role.kubernetes.io/master-

2.将Master恢复成Master Only状态

kubectl taint node master node-role.kubernetes.io/master="":NoSchedule