雅思基础课程语法基础课程-第五讲
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雅思语法基础课程-第五讲
第五讲 动词四类与五大基本时态
1. 动词四类
A. 实义动词(99%)
1.及物动词Vt( S + Vt + O)
2.不及物动词Vi (S + Vi (+ prep + O))
? 1.延续动词
? 2.瞬间动词
B. 系动词
C. 情态动词
1.传达人微妙情感
2.用法随时态变化
造句练习:
我们必须输!We must lose!
我们输得起!We can lose!
我们可能会输的!We may lose!
Must vs have to:
1) must没有时态和人称变化:
强调主观的要求
仅用于现在时和将来时
2) have to(have got to):
强调客观的要求或外在的原因
可以有任意时态
May/might + do: 表示对现在或未来事情的推测
Can I use your phone please?直截了当
Could I use your phone please?礼貌客气
May I use your phone please?尊重委婉 (---以上正常---)
Might I use your phone please?尊重委婉(虚礼?)
may/might + do:
表示对现在或未来事情的推测
雅思作文高分句
Some people believe that television can be harmful to children, saying that it may influence(潜移默化的影响) behavior in a negative way.
D. 助动词
自身没有词义,不可单独使用
最常用的助动词:have, do
be, will, would, had better, used to
助动词功能:
1、表时态
I have been to America.
2、构成疑问句
Do you like college life?
3、与否定副词not合用,构成否定句
I do not like sports.
4、加强语气
Do come to the party.
2. 五大基本时态
1、一般现在时:
经常性或习惯动作:
I use Internet every day.
常用频率副词:
always 90%
usually 70%
often 50%
sometimes 30%
never 0
表示状态:
1.I am a student.
Are you a student?
Yes, I am.
No, I‘m not = I am not.
2.My father has many friends.
Does your father have many friends?
Yes,he does.
No, he doesn‘t.
事实或真理:
The sun rises in the east.
动词三单变化
1.正常型:词尾加s
2.变态型:
a.在s,x,ch,sh,o之后+es
finish-finishes;watch-watches;pass-passes
b.以辅音字母y结尾,把y变i加es:
study-studies;try-tries
c.变形金刚型:
have-has;do-does;go-goes
雅思作文高分句
The graph gives information concerning sales and profits of two manufacturing companies.
2、一般过去时
过去特定时间的动作
? 与表示过去的时间状语连用
I slept for eight hours last night.
雅思作文高分句:
There was a steep climb in house prices during the first half of the year.
3、现在完成时
结构:have/has + done
站在现在“回顾”过去
1.过去 动作 对 现在 的影响
时间副词:
My brother has never been abroad before.
I‘ve just arrived by train.
2.过去 的动作延续到 现在
时间段:
He has been married since last July.
We have been in love for seven years.
雅思作文高分句:
However, British women has overtaken British men in Internet usage since 2005.
4、一般将来时
预测,计划或愿意去做某事
结构:shall/will + do
? shall 第一人称 I 或 we 后
? will 所有人称,缩略为‘ ll
? shall not = shan‘t
? will not = won‘t
其他句型表一般将来时
1.be to do sth.
表示已安排好要在将来
发生的事(正式)
? She is to be married next month.
2.be about to do sth.
即将发生的动作 “正要,马上就要”
? The food is about to be served.
雅思作文高分句
Without a doubt, even greater changes are going to happen in technology used in the workplace.
5、现在进行时
现在正在进行的动作
时间状语:
now,at present,these days
The heat wave is approaching.(表达一种感觉)
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