Ansible批量更新远程主机用户密码 (包括Ansible批量做ssh互信)
Posted jians
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1) 在服务端安装ansible
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[root@ansible-server ~] # yum install -y ansible |
2) 配置ansible到远程主机的ssh无密码信任关系 (authoried_keys
模块)
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这里采用Ansible 实现批量建立互信, 方法如下: 首先要生成ansible服务端本机 ssh 的key [root@ansible-server ~] # ssh-keygen -t rsa //一路回车 [root@ansible-server ~] # ls /root/.ssh/ id_rsa id_rsa.pub ==================================================== 需要注意 ssh 建立互信的命令格式: # ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub username@[ip,hostname] ==================================================== 在客户机比较多的情况下,使用 ssh -copy- id 命令的方法显然是有些费时,使用ansible-playbook 推送 ymal进行批量创建 ssh 互信关系就显得省事多了, 这里就使用到了ansible的authoried_keys 模块: 首先要配置ansible清单 (远程主机的密码这里为 "123456" ) [root@ansible-server ~] # vim /etc/ansible/hosts ................ ................ [ ssh -host] 172.16.60.204 172.16.60.205 172.16.60.206 172.16.60.207 [ ssh -host:vars] ansible_ssh_pass= "123456" ========================================================== 发送公钥到目标机器命令格式如下: # ansible ssh-host -m copy -a "src=/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub dest=/root/.ssh/authorized_keys mode=600" ========================================================== 编写playbook文件 [root@ansible-server ~] # vim /opt/ssh_key.yaml --- - hosts: ssh -host user: root tasks: - name: ssh -copy authorized_key: user=root key= "{{ lookup(‘file‘, ‘/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub‘) }}" 注意上面yaml脚本中的 "ssh-key-host" 是在 /etc/ansible/hosts 清单文件里配置的远程客户机列表 这里做的是基于远程主机root用户的 ssh 互信 执行批量互信 [root@ansible-server ~] # ansible-playbook /opt/ssh_key.yaml PLAY [ ssh -host] ************************************************************************************************************************ TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************************************************************** ok: [172.16.60.204] ok: [172.16.60.205] ok: [172.16.60.206] ok: [172.16.60.207] TASK [ ssh -copy] ************************************************************************************************************************ changed: [172.16.60.205] changed: [172.16.60.204] changed: [172.16.60.206] changed: [172.16.60.207] PLAY RECAP ***************************************************************************************************************************** 172.16.60.204 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.205 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.206 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.207 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 最后验证下 ssh 互信 [root@ansible-server ~] # ansible -i /etc/ansible/hosts ssh-host -m shell -a "whoami" 172.16.60.204 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> root 172.16.60.205 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> root 172.16.60.207 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> root 172.16.60.206 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> root 至此, ansible批量创建到远程客户机的 ssh 信任关系已经实现了! |
3) Ansible批量更新远程主机用户密码方法
方法一: 使用Ansible的user模块批量修改远程客户机的用户密码
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由于在使用ansible修改用户密码的时候不能使用明文的方式,需要先加密,所以就需要使用一个方法对输入的明文的密码进行加密. 废话不多说了. 下面直接记录下操作方法: [root@ansible-server ~] # vim /opt/root_passwd.yaml --- - hosts: ssh -host gather_facts: false tasks: - name: change user passwd user: name={{ item.name }} password={{ item.chpass | password_hash( ‘sha512‘ ) }} update_password=always with_items: - { name: ‘root‘ , chpass: ‘kevin@123‘ } - { name: ‘app‘ , chpass: ‘bjop123‘ } 注意上面在yaml文件中修改了远程客户机的root用户密码, app用户密码. 如果还想要修改其他用户密码, 则继续按照上面规则添加即可! 执行ansible-play [root@ansible-server ~] # ansible-playbook /opt/root_passwd.yaml PLAY [ ssh -host] ************************************************************************************************************************ TASK [change user passwd ] ************************************************************************************************************** changed: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u ‘chpass‘ : u ‘kevin@123‘ , u ‘name‘ : u ‘root‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u ‘chpass‘ : u ‘kevin@123‘ , u ‘name‘ : u ‘root‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u ‘chpass‘ : u ‘bjop123‘ , u ‘name‘ : u ‘app‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u ‘chpass‘ : u ‘bjop123‘ , u ‘name‘ : u ‘app‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u ‘chpass‘ : u ‘kevin@123‘ , u ‘name‘ : u ‘root‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u ‘chpass‘ : u ‘bjop123‘ , u ‘name‘ : u ‘app‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u ‘chpass‘ : u ‘kevin@123‘ , u ‘name‘ : u ‘root‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u ‘chpass‘ : u ‘bjop123‘ , u ‘name‘ : u ‘app‘ }) PLAY RECAP ***************************************************************************************************************************** 172.16.60.204 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.205 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.206 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.207 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 |
方法二: 修改远程主机的单个用户密码使用此方法比较方便
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编写playbook文件 [root@ansible-server ~] # vim /opt/root_passwd2.yaml --- - hosts: ssh -host gather_facts: false tasks: - name: Change password user: name={{ name1 }} password={{ chpass | password_hash( ‘sha512‘ ) }} update_password=always 执行ansible-playbook, 使用-e参数传递用户名和密码给剧本,其中root为用户名,admin #123就是修改后的root密码 [root@ansible-server ~] # ansible-playbook /opt/root_passwd2.yaml -e "name1=root chpass=admin#123" PLAY [ ssh -host] ************************************************************************************************************************ TASK [Change password] ***************************************************************************************************************** changed: [172.16.60.204] changed: [172.16.60.205] changed: [172.16.60.206] changed: [172.16.60.207] PLAY RECAP ***************************************************************************************************************************** 172.16.60.204 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.205 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.206 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.207 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 |
方法三: 使用如下Ansible脚本, 适用于修改清单中部分远程主机的用户密码
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编写ansible-playbook脚本 (需要注意下面脚本中 "ens192" 是客户机ip所在的网卡设备名称, 这个要根据自己实际环境去配置, 比如eth0, eth1等) [root@ansible-server ~] # cat /opt/root_passwd4.yaml - hosts: test -host remote_user: root tasks: - name: change password for root shell: echo ‘{{ item.password }}‘ | passwd --stdin root when: ansible_ens192.ipv4.address == ‘{{ item.ip }}‘ with_items: - { ip: "172.16.60.220" , password: ‘haha@123‘ } - { ip: "172.16.60.221" , password: ‘kevin@123‘ } - { ip: "172.16.60.222" , password: ‘bobo@123‘ } 执行ansible-playbook: [root@ansible-server ansible] # ansible-playbook /opt/root_passwd3.yaml PLAY [ ssh -host] ************************************************************************************************************************ TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************************************************************** ok: [172.16.60.204] ok: [172.16.60.205] ok: [172.16.60.206] ok: [172.16.60.207] TASK [change password for root] ******************************************************************************************************** [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address == ‘{{ item.ip }}‘ [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address == ‘{{ item.ip }}‘ skipping: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.204‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘haha@123‘ }) [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address == ‘{{ item.ip }}‘ skipping: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.204‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘haha@123‘ }) skipping: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.205‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘kevin@123‘ }) [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address == ‘{{ item.ip }}‘ skipping: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.204‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘haha@123‘ }) skipping: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.205‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘kevin@123‘ }) skipping: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.206‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘bobo@123‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.205‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘kevin@123‘ }) skipping: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.206‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘bobo@123‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.204‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘haha@123‘ }) skipping: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.205‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘kevin@123‘ }) skipping: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.206‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘bobo@123‘ }) changed: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u ‘ip‘ : u ‘172.16.60.206‘ , u ‘password‘ : u ‘bobo@123‘ }) PLAY RECAP ***************************************************************************************************************************** 172.16.60.204 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.205 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.206 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.60.207 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 |
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如果ansible服务端没有和远程主机做 ssh 信任关系, 则可以在hosts清单配置里直接指明用户名和密码. 如果使用普通用户, 并且允许 sudo , 则需要提前在客户机里的 /etc/sudoers 文件里配置好该普通用户的 sudo 配置, 即允许该普通用户有 sudo 权限. [root@ansible-server ~] # vim /etc/ansible/hosts ................ [ test -host] 172.16.60.220 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_pass=123456 ansible_ssh_port=22 172.16.60.221 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_pass=bo@123 ansible_ssh_port=22 172.16.60.222 ansible_ssh_user=app ansible_ssh_pass=bj@123 ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_sudo_pass=bj@123 即172.16.60.220客户机上要提前配置, 允许app用户具有 sudo 权限. 执行: [root@ansible-server ~] # ansible test-host -m shell -a "hostname" 172.16.60.222 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> k8s-node02 172.16.60.220 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> k8s-master01 172.16.60.221 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> k8s-node01 [root@ansible-server ~] # ansible -i /etc/ansible/hosts test-host -m shell -a "hostname" 172.16.60.222 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> k8s-node02 172.16.60.220 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> k8s-master01 172.16.60.221 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> k8s-node01 |
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