LVS+Keepalived 高可用环境部署记录（主主和主从模式）

Posted 2021-03-19 jians

一、LVS+Keepalived主从热备的高可用环境部署

1）环境准备

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LVS_Keepalived_Master      182.148.15.237 LVS_Keepalived_Backup      182.148.15.236 Real_Server1               182.148.15.233 Real_Server2               182.148.15.238 VIP                        182.148.15.239    系统版本都是centos6.8   特别注意： Director Server与Real Server必须有一块网卡连在同一物理网段上！否则lvs会转发失败！ 在远程telnet vip port会报错： "telnet: connect to address *.*.*.*: No route to host"

基本的网络拓扑图如下：

2）LVS_keepalived_Master和LVS_keepalived_Backup两台服务器上安装配置LVS和keepalived的操作记录：

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1）关闭 SElinux、配置防火墙（在LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器上都要操作） [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux #SELINUX=enforcing                #注释掉 #SELINUXTYPE=targeted             #注释掉 SELINUX=disabled                  #增加      [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# setenforce 0      #临时关闭selinux。上面文件配置后，重启机器后就永久生效。      注意下面182.148.15.0/24是服务器的公网网段，192.168.1.0/24是服务器的私网网段 一定要注意：加上这个组播规则后，MASTER和BACKUP故障时，才能实现VIP资源的正常转移。其故障恢复后，VIP也还会正常转移回来。 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables ....... -A INPUT -s 182.148.15.0/24 -d 224.0.0.18 -j ACCEPT      #允许组播地址通信。 -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 224.0.0.18 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -s 182.148.15.0/24 -p vrrp -j ACCEPT            #允许 VRRP（虚拟路由器冗余协）通信 -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p vrrp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT      [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2）LVS安装（在LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器上都要操作） 需要安装以下软件包 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# yum install -y libnl* popt*     查看是否加载lvs模块 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# modprobe -l |grep ipvs     下载并安装LVS [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz 解压安装 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-431.5.1.el6.x86_64/ /usr/src/linux [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# tar -zxvf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# cd ipvsadm-1.26 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ipvsadm-1.26]# make && make install      LVS安装完成，查看当前LVS集群 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ipvsadm-1.26]# ipvsadm -L -n IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags   -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3）编写LVS启动脚本/etc/init.d/realserver（在Real_Server1 和Real_Server2上都要操作，realserver脚本内容是一样的） [root@Real_Server1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/realserver #!/bin/sh VIP=182.148.15.239 . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions      case "$1" in # 禁用本地的ARP请求、绑定本地回环地址 start)     /sbin/ifconfig lo down     /sbin/ifconfig lo up     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce     /sbin/sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1     /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up     #在回环地址上绑定VIP，设定掩码，与Direct Server（自身）上的IP保持通信     /sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0     echo "LVS-DR real server starts successfully. "     ;; stop)     /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down     /sbin/route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo "LVS-DR real server stopped. "     ;; status)     isLoOn=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep "$VIP"`     isRoOn=`/bin/netstat -rn | grep "$VIP"`     if [ "$isLoON" == "" -a "$isRoOn" == "" ]; then         echo "LVS-DR real server has run yet."     else         echo "LVS-DR real server is running."     fi     exit 3     ;; *)     echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"     exit 1 esac exit 0     将lvs脚本加入开机自启动 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver [root@Real_Server1 ~]# echo "/etc/init.d/realserver start" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local     启动LVS脚本(注意：如果这两台realserver机器重启了，一定要确保service realserver start  启动了，即lo:0本地回环上绑定了vip地址，否则lvs转发失败！) [root@Real_Server1 ~]# service realserver start LVS-DR real server starts successfully.     查看Real_Server1服务器，发现VIP已经成功绑定到本地回环口lo上了 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# ifconfig eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 52:54:00:D1:27:75           inet addr:182.148.15.233  Bcast:182.148.15.255  Mask:255.255.255.224           inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fed1:2775/64 Scope:Link           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1           RX packets:309741 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:27993954 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0           collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000           RX bytes:37897512 (36.1 MiB)  TX bytes:23438654329 (21.8 GiB)     lo        Link encap:Local Loopback           inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0           inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host           UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0           collisions:0 txqueuelen:0           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)     lo:0      Link encap:Local Loopback           inet addr:182.148.15.239  Mask:255.255.255.255           UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4）安装Keepalived（LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器都要操作） [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# yum install -y openssl-devel [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# tar -zvxf keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master src]# cd keepalived-1.3.5 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# make && make install            [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# mkdir /etc/keepalived/ [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# echo "/etc/init.d/keepalived start" >> /etc/rc.local      [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived      #添加执行权限 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# chkconfig keepalived on                   #设置开机启动 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# service keepalived start                   #启动 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# service keepalived stop                    #关闭 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master keepalived-1.3.5]# service keepalived restart                 #重启     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5）接着配置LVS+Keepalived配置   现在LVS_Keepalived_Master和LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器上打开ip_forward转发功能 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward     LVS_Keepalived_Master机器上的keepalived.conf配置： [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ! Configuration File for keepalived      global_defs {    router_id LVS_Master }      vrrp_instance VI_1 {     state MASTER               #指定instance初始状态，实际根据优先级决定.backup节点不一样     interface eth0             #虚拟IP所在网     virtual_router_id 51       #VRID，相同VRID为一个组，决定多播MAC地址     priority 100               #优先级，另一台改为90.backup节点不一样     advert_int 1               #检查间隔     authentication {         auth_type PASS         #认证方式，可以是pass或ha         auth_pass 1111         #认证密码     }     virtual_ipaddress {         182.148.15.239         #VIP     } }      virtual_server 182.148.15.239 80 {     delay_loop 6               #服务轮询的时间间隔     lb_algo wrr                #加权轮询调度，LVS调度算法 rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|sh|sh     lb_kind DR                 #LVS集群模式 NAT|DR|TUN，其中DR模式要求负载均衡器网卡必须有一块与物理网卡在同一个网段     #nat_mask 255.255.255.0     persistence_timeout 50     #会话保持时间     protocol TCP              #健康检查协议          ## Real Server设置，80就是连接端口     real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {         weight 3  ##权重         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     }     real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     } }     启动keepalived [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]     [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000     link/ether 52:54:00:68:dc:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 182.48.115.237/27 brd 182.48.115.255 scope global eth0     inet 182.48.115.239/32 scope global eth0     inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe68:dcb6/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever     注意此时网卡的变化，可以看到虚拟网卡已经分配到了realserver上。 此时查看LVS集群状态，可以看到集群下有两个Real Server，调度算法，权重等信息。ActiveConn代表当前Real Server的活跃连接数。 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ipvsadm -ln IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags   -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP  182.48.115.239:80 wrr persistent 50   -> 182.48.115.233:80            Route   3      0          0         -> 182.48.115.238:80            Route   3      0          0     ------------------------------------------------------------------------- LVS_Keepalived_Backup机器上的keepalived.conf配置： [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ! Configuration File for keepalived      global_defs {    router_id LVS_Backup }      vrrp_instance VI_1 {     state BACKUP               interface eth0              virtual_router_id 51        priority 90                advert_int 1               authentication {         auth_type PASS              auth_pass 1111          }     virtual_ipaddress {         182.148.15.239          } }      virtual_server 182.148.15.239 80 {     delay_loop 6               lb_algo wrr                lb_kind DR                       persistence_timeout 50      protocol TCP                   real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     }     real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     } }     [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]     查看LVS_Keepalived_Backup机器上，发现VIP默认在LVS_Keepalived_Master机器上，只要当LVS_Keepalived_Backup发生故障时，VIP资源才会飘到自己这边来。 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000     link/ether 52:54:00:7c:b8:f0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 182.48.115.236/27 brd 182.48.115.255 scope global eth0     inet 182.48.115.239/27 brd 182.48.115.255 scope global secondary eth0:0     inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe7c:b8f0/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# ipvsadm -L -n IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags   -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP  182.48.115.239:80 wrr persistent 50   -> 182.48.115.233:80            Route   3      0          0         -> 182.48.115.238:80            Route   3      0          0

3）后端两台Real Server上的操作

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在两台Real Server上配置好nginx，nginx安装配置过程省略。 分别在两台Real Server上配置两个域名www.wangshibo.com和www.guohuihui.com。   在LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器上要能正常访问这两个域名 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# curl http://www.wangshibo.com this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.238 www.wangshibo.com [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# curl http://www.guohuihui.com this is page of Real_Server2:182.148.15.238 www.guohuihui.com   [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# curl http://www.wangshibo.com this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.238 www.wangshibo.com [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# curl http://www.guohuihui.com this is page of Real_Server2:182.148.15.238 www.guohuihui.com     关闭182.148.15.238这台机器（即Real_Server2）的nginx，发现对应域名的请求就会到Real_Server1上 [root@Real_Server2 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop [root@Real_Server2 ~]# lsof -i:80 [root@Real_Server2 ~]#   再次在LVS_Keepalived_Master 和 LVS_Keepalived_Backup两台机器上访问这两个域名，就会发现已经负载到Real_Server1上了 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# curl http://www.wangshibo.com this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.233 www.wangshibo.com [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# curl http://www.guohuihui.com this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.233 www.guohuihui.com   [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# curl http://www.wangshibo.com this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.233 www.wangshibo.com [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# curl http://www.guohuihui.com this is page of Real_Server1:182.148.15.233 www.guohuihui.com   另外，设置这两台Real Server的iptables，让其80端口只对前面的两个vip资源开放 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables ...... -A INPUT -s 182.148.15.239 -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT [root@Real_Server1 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart

4）测试
将www.wangshibo.com和www.guohuihui.com测试域名解析到VIP：182.148.15.239，然后在浏览器里是可以正常访问的。

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1）测试LVS功能（上面Keepalived的lvs配置中，自带了健康检查，当后端服务器的故障出现故障后会自动从lvs集群中踢出，当故障恢复后，再自动加入到集群中） 先查看当前LVS集群，如下：发现后端两台Real Server的80端口都运行正常 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ipvsadm -L -n IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags   -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP  182.148.15.239:80 wrr persistent 50   -> 182.148.15.233:80            Route   3      0          0          -> 182.148.15.238:80            Route   3      0          0    现在测试关闭一台Real Server,比如Real_Server2 [root@Real_Server2 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop    过一会儿再次查看当前LVS集群，如下：发现Real_Server2已经被踢出当前LVS集群了 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ipvsadm -L -n IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags   -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP  182.148.15.239:80 wrr persistent 50   -> 182.148.15.233:80            Route   3      0          0    最后重启Real_Server2的80端口，发现LVS集群里又再次将其添加进来了 [root@Real_Server2 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx    [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ipvsadm -L -n IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags   -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP  182.148.15.239:80 wrr persistent 50   -> 182.148.15.233:80            Route   3      0          0          -> 182.148.15.238:80            Route   3      0          0     以上测试中，http://www.wangshibo.com和http://www.guohuihui.com域名访问都不受影响。       2）测试Keepalived心跳测试的高可用 默认情况下，VIP资源是在LVS_Keepalived_Master上 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000     link/ether 52:54:00:68:dc:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 182.148.15.237/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global eth0     inet 182.148.15.239/32 scope global eth0     inet 182.148.15.239/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global secondary eth0:0     inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe68:dcb6/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    然后关闭LVS_Keepalived_Master的keepalived，发现VIP就会转移到LVS_Keepalived_Backup上。 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived stop Stopping keepalived:                                       [  OK  ] [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000     link/ether 52:54:00:68:dc:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 182.148.15.237/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global eth0     inet 182.148.15.239/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global secondary eth0:0     inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe68:dcb6/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    查看系统日志，能查看到LVS_Keepalived_Master的VIP的移动信息 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages ............. May  8 10:19:36 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_healthcheckers[20875]: TCP connection to [182.148.15.233]:80 failed. May  8 10:19:39 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_healthcheckers[20875]: TCP connection to [182.148.15.233]:80 failed. May  8 10:19:39 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_healthcheckers[20875]: Check on service [182.148.15.233]:80 failed after 1 retry. May  8 10:19:39 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_healthcheckers[20875]: Removing service [182.148.15.233]:80 from VS [182.148.15.239]:80    [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000     link/ether 52:54:00:7c:b8:f0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 182.148.15.236/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global eth0     inet 182.148.15.239/32 scope global eth0     inet 182.148.15.239/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global secondary eth0:0     inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe7c:b8f0/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever       接着再重新启动LVS_Keepalived_Master的keepalived，发现VIP又转移回来了 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ] [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000     link/ether 52:54:00:68:dc:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 182.148.15.237/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global eth0     inet 182.148.15.239/32 scope global eth0     inet 182.148.15.239/27 brd 182.148.15.255 scope global secondary eth0:0     inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe68:dcb6/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever       查看系统日志，能查看到LVS_Keepalived_Master的VIP转移回来的信息 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages ............. May  8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239 May  8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 182.148.15.239 May  8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239 May  8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239 May  8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239 May  8 10:23:12 Haproxy_Keepalived_Master Keepalived_vrrp[5863]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 182.148.15.239

二、LVS+Keepalived主主热备的高可用环境部署

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主主环境相比于主从环境，区别只在于： 1）LVS负载均衡层需要两个VIP。比如182.148.15.239和182.148.15.235 2）后端的realserver上要绑定这两个VIP到lo本地回环口上 3）Keepalived.conf的配置相比于上面的主从模式也有所不同    主主架构的具体配置如下： 1）编写LVS启动脚本（在Real_Server1 和Real_Server2上都要操作，realserver脚本内容是一样的）    由于后端realserver机器要绑定两个VIP到本地回环口lo上（分别绑定到lo:0和lo:1），所以需要编写两个启动脚本   [root@Real_Server1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/realserver1 #!/bin/sh VIP=182.148.15.239 . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions      case "$1" in    start)     /sbin/ifconfig lo down     /sbin/ifconfig lo up     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce     /sbin/sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1     /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up       /sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0     echo "LVS-DR real server starts successfully. "     ;; stop)     /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down     /sbin/route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo "LVS-DR real server stopped. "     ;; status)     isLoOn=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep "$VIP"`     isRoOn=`/bin/netstat -rn | grep "$VIP"`     if [ "$isLoON" == "" -a "$isRoOn" == "" ]; then         echo "LVS-DR real server has run yet."     else         echo "LVS-DR real server is running."     fi     exit 3     ;; *)     echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"     exit 1 esac exit 0       [root@Real_Server1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/realserver2 #!/bin/sh VIP=182.148.15.235 . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions      case "$1" in    start)     /sbin/ifconfig lo down     /sbin/ifconfig lo up     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce     /sbin/sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1     /sbin/ifconfig lo:1 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up        /sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:1     echo "LVS-DR real server starts successfully. "     ;; stop)     /sbin/ifconfig lo:1 down     /sbin/route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce     echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore     echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo "LVS-DR real server stopped. "     ;; status)     isLoOn=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:1 | grep "$VIP"`     isRoOn=`/bin/netstat -rn | grep "$VIP"`     if [ "$isLoON" == "" -a "$isRoOn" == "" ]; then         echo "LVS-DR real server has run yet."     else         echo "LVS-DR real server is running."     fi     exit 3     ;; *)     echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"     exit 1 esac exit 0    将lvs脚本加入开机自启动 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver1 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver2 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# echo "/etc/init.d/realserver1" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local [root@Real_Server1 ~]# echo "/etc/init.d/realserver2" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local     启动LVS脚本 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# service realserver1 start LVS-DR real server starts successfully.    [root@Real_Server1 ~]# service realserver2 start LVS-DR real server starts successfully.    查看Real_Server1服务器，发现VIP已经成功绑定到本地回环口lo上了 [root@Real_Server1 ~]# ifconfig eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 52:54:00:D1:27:75           inet addr:182.148.15.233  Bcast:182.148.15.255  Mask:255.255.255.224           inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fed1:2775/64 Scope:Link           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1           RX packets:309741 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:27993954 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0           collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000           RX bytes:37897512 (36.1 MiB)  TX bytes:23438654329 (21.8 GiB)     lo        Link encap:Local Loopback           inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0           inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host           UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0           collisions:0 txqueuelen:0           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)     lo:0      Link encap:Local Loopback           inet addr:182.148.15.239  Mask:255.255.255.255           UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1    lo:1      Link encap:Local Loopback           inet addr:182.148.15.235  Mask:255.255.255.255           UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1       2）Keepalived.conf的配置 LVS_Keepalived_Master机器上的Keepalived.conf配置 先打开ip_forward路由转发功能 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward   [root@LVS_Keepalived_Master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ! Configuration File for keepalived      global_defs {    router_id LVS_Master }      vrrp_instance VI_1 {     state MASTER                  interface eth0                virtual_router_id 51          priority 100                  advert_int 1                  authentication {         auth_type PASS                auth_pass 1111            }     virtual_ipaddress {         182.148.15.239            } }      vrrp_instance VI_2 {     state BACKUP               interface eth0              virtual_router_id 52       priority 90                advert_int 1               authentication {         auth_type PASS              auth_pass 1111          }     virtual_ipaddress {         182.148.15.235        } }    virtual_server 182.148.15.239 80 {     delay_loop 6                  lb_algo wrr                   lb_kind DR                    #nat_mask 255.255.255.0     persistence_timeout 50        protocol TCP                         real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     }     real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     } }       virtual_server 182.148.15.235 80 {     delay_loop 6                  lb_algo wrr                   lb_kind DR                    #nat_mask 255.255.255.0     persistence_timeout 50        protocol TCP                         real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     }     real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     } }          LVS_Keepalived_Backup机器上的Keepalived.conf配置 [root@LVS_Keepalived_Backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ! Configuration File for keepalived      global_defs {    router_id LVS_Backup }      vrrp_instance VI_1 {     state Backup                 interface eth0                virtual_router_id 51          priority 90                  advert_int 1                  authentication {         auth_type PASS                auth_pass 1111            }     virtual_ipaddress {         182.148.15.239            } }      vrrp_instance VI_2 {     state Master              interface eth0              virtual_router_id 52      priority 100               advert_int 1               authentication {         auth_type PASS              auth_pass 1111          }     virtual_ipaddress {         182.148.15.235        } }    virtual_server 182.148.15.239 80 {     delay_loop 6                  lb_algo wrr                   lb_kind DR                    #nat_mask 255.255.255.0     persistence_timeout 50        protocol TCP                         real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     }     real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     } }       virtual_server 182.148.15.235 80 {     delay_loop 6                  lb_algo wrr                   lb_kind DR                    #nat_mask 255.255.255.0     persistence_timeout 50        protocol TCP                         real_server 182.148.15.233 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     }     real_server 182.148.15.238 80 {         weight 3         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 3             nb_get_retry 3             delay_before_retry 3             connect_port 80         }     } }          其他验证操作和上面主从模式一样~~~