定体, 定压, 定温, 绝热 Q E A 公式
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- 通用: (PV = frac{M}{M_{mol}}RT = gamma RT)
- (M): 质量
- (M_{mol}): 1 mol物质的质量
- (gamma): 几摩尔
- 求内能变化: ( riangle E = gamma C_V riangle T = gammafrac{i}{2}R riangle T)
- (C_v): 等体摩尔热容
- (i): 分子自由度
- 单原子, (i=3)
- 双原子, (i=5)
- 多原子, (i=6)
- ( riangle V = 0, A = 0)
- ( riangle E = gamma C_V riangle T = gammafrac{i}{2}R riangle T)
- (Q = riangle E)
- ( riangle P = 0)
- (A = P riangle V = gamma R riangle T)
- ( riangle E = gamma C_V riangle T = gammafrac{i}{2}R riangle T)
- (Q = A + riangle E = gamma R riangle T + gammafrac{i}{2}R riangle T = gammafrac{2+i}{2}R riangle T = gamma C_P riangle T)
- ( riangle T = 0, riangle E = 0)
- $A = int_{v1}^{v2}PdV = int_{V1}^{V2}frac{gamma RT}{V}dV = gamma RTint_{V1}^{V2}frac{dV}{V} = gamma RT(ln{V2} - ln{V1}) = gamma RT ln{frac{V2}{V1}} = gamma RT ln{frac{P1}{P2}} $
- (Q = A)
- (Q = 0)
- ( riangle E = gamma C_V R riangle T)
- (A = Q - riangle E = - riangle E)
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