分区表的操作对索引的影响

Posted 2021-03-14 plluoye

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一直知道对分区表的DDL 操作可能导致索引失效，但是还没做过总结，今天稍微总结下。

增加分区对所有索引都没影响
Truncate 分区会导致全局索引，主键失效。分区索引不受影响
Truncate update global indexes 索引不受影响
Move 分区导致全局索引和分区所在的本地索引失效。
Move update global indexes 全局索引没影响，分区所在的本地索引失效.
Drop 分区导致全局索引失效，分区索引不受影响
Drop upgrade global indexes 分区所有索引都不受影响

以上结论看出，分区表操作较为复杂，每次操作完都应该检查验证索引是否失效。

SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE STATUS=‘UNUSABLE‘;

SELECT INDEX_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE STATUS=‘UNUSABLE‘;

1.建表

create table test_part
(
  ID NUMBER(20) not null,
  REMARK VARCHAR2(1000),
  create_time DATE
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (CREATE_TIME) INTERVAL (numtoyminterval(1, ‘year‘))
(partition part_t01 values less than(to_date(‘2018-11-01‘, ‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)));

--创建主键
alter table test_part add constraint INDEX_PK primary key (ID) using INDEX;
--创建全局索引
create index INDEX_1 on TEST_PART (REMARK); 
--创建本地索引
create index INDEX_2 on TEST_PART (create_time) LOCAL;

2.增加分区对索引的影响

INSERT INTO test_part VALUES(1,‘1‘,TO_DATE(‘20181001‘,‘YYYYMMDD‘));
INSERT INTO test_part VALUES(2,‘2‘,TO_DATE(‘20181101‘,‘YYYYMMDD‘));
INSERT INTO test_part VALUES(3,‘3‘,TO_DATE(‘20181201‘,‘YYYYMMDD‘));
INSERT INTO test_part VALUES(4,‘4‘,TO_DATE(‘20191201‘,‘YYYYMMDD‘));

COL HIGH_VALUE FOR A100
SELECT PARTITION_NAME,HIGH_VALUE FROM USER_TAB_PARTITIONS WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

PARTITION_NAME       HIGH_VALUE
-------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PART_T01             TO_DATE(‘ 2018-11-01 00:00:00‘, ‘SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS‘, ‘NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIA
SYS_P52              TO_DATE(‘ 2019-11-01 00:00:00‘, ‘SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS‘, ‘NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIA
SYS_P53              TO_DATE(‘ 2020-11-01 00:00:00‘, ‘SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS‘, ‘NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIA

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       VALID
INDEX_1                        VALID
INDEX_2                        N/A

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_NAME=‘INDEX_2‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_2                        USABLE
INDEX_2                        USABLE
INDEX_2                        USABLE

可见，增加分区对所有索引都没影响

3.Truncate分区对索引的影响

SQL> alter table TEST_PART truncate partition PART_T01;

Table truncated.

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       UNUSABLE
INDEX_1                        UNUSABLE
INDEX_2                        N/A

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_NAME=‘INDEX_2‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_2                        USABLE
INDEX_2                        USABLE
INDEX_2                        USABLE

Truncate 分区会导致全局索引，主键失效。分区索引不受影响

4.Truncate update global indexes

SQL> alter index INDEX_PK rebuild online;

Index altered.

SQL> alter index INDEX_1 rebuild online;

Index altered.

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       VALID
INDEX_1                        VALID
INDEX_2                        N/A

SQL> alter table TEST_PART truncate partition SYS_P52 update global indexes;

Table truncated.

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       VALID
INDEX_1                        VALID
INDEX_2                        N/A

Truncate update global indexes 对索引无影响

5. Move 分区对索引的影响

INSERT INTO test_part VALUES(1,‘1‘,TO_DATE(‘20181001‘,‘YYYYMMDD‘));
INSERT INTO test_part VALUES(2,‘2‘,TO_DATE(‘20181101‘,‘YYYYMMDD‘));
INSERT INTO test_part VALUES(3,‘3‘,TO_DATE(‘20181201‘,‘YYYYMMDD‘));

SQL> ALTER TABLE TEST_PART MOVE PARTITION PART_T01;

Table altered.

SQL>  SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       UNUSABLE
INDEX_1                        UNUSABLE
INDEX_2                        N/A

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       UNUSABLE
INDEX_1                        UNUSABLE
INDEX_2                        N/A

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_NAME=‘INDEX_2‘;

INDEX_NAME                     PARTITION_NAME       STATUS
------------------------------ -------------------- --------
INDEX_2                        PART_T01             UNUSABLE
INDEX_2                        SYS_P52              USABLE
INDEX_2                        SYS_P53              USABLE

move 分区会导致全局索引和分区所在的本地索引失效。

6.Move update global indexes对索引的影响

1.修复：
==================
alter index INDEX_PK rebuild online;
alter index INDEX_1 rebuild online;
alter index INDEX_2 rebuild partition PART_T01 online;

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       VALID
INDEX_1                        VALID
INDEX_2                        N/A

SQL>  SELECT INDEX_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_NAME=‘INDEX_2‘;

INDEX_NAME                     PARTITION_NAME       STATUS
------------------------------ -------------------- --------
INDEX_2                        PART_T01             USABLE
INDEX_2                        SYS_P52              USABLE
INDEX_2                        SYS_P53              USABLE

2.Move 分区
==================
SQL> ALTER TABLE TEST_PART MOVE PARTITION PART_T01 update global indexes;

Table altered.

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       VALID
INDEX_1                        VALID
INDEX_2                        N/A

SQL>  SELECT INDEX_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_NAME=‘INDEX_2‘;

INDEX_NAME                     PARTITION_NAME       STATUS
------------------------------ -------------------- --------
INDEX_2                        PART_T01             UNUSABLE
INDEX_2                        SYS_P52              USABLE
INDEX_2                        SYS_P53              USABLE

Move update global indexes 全局索引没影响，分区索引部分失效.

7. Move Compress 分区对索引的影响

ALTER INDEX INDEX_2 REBUILD PARTITION PART_T01 ONLINE;
ALTER TABLE TEST_PART COMPRESS PARTITION PART_T01;
ALTER TABLE TEST_PART MOVE PARTITION PART_T01 COMPRESS FOR OLTP;

结果同 5. move 分区

8. Drop 分区对索引的影响

alter index INDEX_PK rebuild online;
alter index INDEX_1 rebuild online;
alter index INDEX_2 rebuild partition PART_T01 online;
SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;
SELECT INDEX_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_NAME=‘INDEX_2‘;

SQL> ALTER TABLE TEST_PART DROP PARTITION PART_T01;
ALTER TABLE TEST_PART DROP PARTITION PART_T01
                                     *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-14758: Last partition in the range section cannot be dropped

SQL> COL HIGH_VALUE FOR A100
SQL> SELECT PARTITION_NAME,HIGH_VALUE FROM USER_TAB_PARTITIONS WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

PARTITION_NAME       HIGH_VALUE
-------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PART_T01             TO_DATE(‘ 2018-11-01 00:00:00‘, ‘SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS‘, ‘NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIA
SYS_P52              TO_DATE(‘ 2019-11-01 00:00:00‘, ‘SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS‘, ‘NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIA
SYS_P53              TO_DATE(‘ 2020-11-01 00:00:00‘, ‘SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS‘, ‘NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIA

第一个分区不能被删除

ALTER TABLE TEST_PART DROP PARTITION SYS_P53;

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       UNUSABLE
INDEX_1                        UNUSABLE
INDEX_2                        N/A

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_NAME=‘INDEX_2‘;

INDEX_NAME                     PARTITION_NAME       STATUS
------------------------------ -------------------- --------
INDEX_2                        PART_T01             USABLE
INDEX_2                        SYS_P52              USABLE

Drop 分区导致全局索引失效，分区索引不受影响

9. Drop update global indexes 分区对索引的影响

alter index INDEX_PK rebuild online;
alter index INDEX_1 rebuild online;
alter index INDEX_2 rebuild partition PART_T01 online;
SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;
SELECT INDEX_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_NAME=‘INDEX_2‘;

ALTER TABLE TEST_PART DROP PARTITION SYS_P52 UPDATE GLOBAL INDEXES;

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘TEST_PART‘;

INDEX_NAME                     STATUS
------------------------------ --------
INDEX_PK                       VALID
INDEX_1                        VALID
INDEX_2                        N/A

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,STATUS FROM USER_IND_PARTITIONS WHERE INDEX_NAME=‘INDEX_2‘;

INDEX_NAME                     PARTITION_NAME       STATUS
------------------------------ -------------------- --------
INDEX_2                        PART_T01             USABLE

Drop upgrade global indexes 分区所有索引都不受影响

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