Docker安装

Posted 2021-03-09 moniter

Docker安装

1.实验前的准备

• 准备虚拟机
  • docker1：192.168.76.128
• 关闭防火墙

2.步骤

1.虚拟机基本准备

配置虚拟机的网卡（我这里直接用dhcp进行获取，也可以手动修改配置文件）
docker1机器
# docker1 > /etc/hostname
# hostname docker1
# systemctl restart network
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736 
    TYPE=Ethernet
    BOOTPROTO=dhcp
    DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    IPV6INIT=yes
    IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
    IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    NAME=eno16777736
    UUID=8dd73d63-2872-4e0a-bc3f-daa11a4917a5
    DEVICE=eno16777736
    ONBOOT=yes
    IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
    IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes

2.配置yum源

# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/  https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/aliyun.com
    [aliyun]
    name=aliyun
    baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/
    gpgcheck=0
    enabled=1

# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/doer.repo
    [docker-ce-stable]
    name=Docker CE Stable - $basearch
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stable
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=0      #选择信任，不做检查
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-stable-debuginfo]
    name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearch
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stable
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-stable-source]
    name=Docker CE Stable - Sources
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/stable
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-edge]
    name=Docker CE Edge - $basearch
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edge
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-edge-debuginfo]
    name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearch
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edge
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-edge-source]
    name=Docker CE Edge - Sources
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/edge
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-test]
    name=Docker CE Test - $basearch
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/test
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-test-debuginfo]
    name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearch
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/test
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-test-source]
    name=Docker CE Test - Sources
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/test
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-nightly]
    name=Docker CE Nightly - $basearch
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/nightly
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-nightly-debuginfo]
    name=Docker CE Nightly - Debuginfo $basearch
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/nightly
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
    [docker-ce-nightly-source]
    name=Docker CE Nightly - Sources
    baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/nightly
    enabled=0
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg
    
# yum makecache

3.安装docker

yum -y install docker-ce
## 安装docker-ce的时候，可能会显示安装报错（报错信息下图1），缺少安装包，但是由于有些镜像里面没有，经过查找，下面是下载这个包的地址
wget ftp://mirror.switch.ch/pool/4/mirror/scientificlinux/7x/external_products/extras/x86_64/container-selinux-2.9-4.el7.noarch.rpm
下载完成后，继续安装
yum -y install container-selinux-2.9-4.el7.noarch.rpm
yum -y install docker-ce
systemctl start docker
ps -ef |grep docker     #存在表示安装完成（如下图2）

图1
图2

完成上面的步骤表示docker已经安装完成，环境也已经部署好了，接下来介绍一下docker的简单命令

docker pull 镜像名          #下载镜像
docker push 镜像名          #上传镜像
docker images              #查看镜像
docker search 镜像名        #查找镜像
docker save 镜像名:latest >镜像名.tar #导出镜像为tar包
docker load < 镜像名.tar    #导入镜像
docker rmi 镜像名           #删除docker镜像

docker run -it 镜像名      #用docker启动镜像（通过默认的标签latest启动，当修改了镜像名和标签的时候，需要加上新的标签 docker run -it 新镜像名:新标签）
exit                    #退出docker镜像

镜像常用命令
docker run -d nginx     #启动nginx镜像
docker ps               #查看后台运行的容器
docker ps -q            #只显示容器ID
docker ps -a            #显示所有容器
docker ps -aq           #显示所有的容器ID
docker history centos   #查看centos镜像历史（制作过程）
docker rmi 镜像名          #删除镜像，容器启动时，删除镜像会失败。要管关闭容器，在删除镜像
docker tage 镜像名:标签 新镜像名:新标签     #修改镜像的名称和标签，默认标签为latest
docker inspect centos   #查看镜像的底层信息

容器命令
docker stop 容器ID      #关闭容器
docker start 容器ID     #启动容器
docker restart 容器ID   #重启容器
docker rm 容器ID        #容器运行中删除不了，需要先关闭容器