ES6

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Set 初步介绍

ES6变化 - Set、Map

简介:

  Set是ES6提供给我们的构造函数,能够造出一种新的存储数据的结构

特点:

  只有属性值,成员值唯一(不重复)

用途:

  可以转成数组,其本身具备去重,交集,并集,差集的作用等

// 参数需具备迭代接口  [ ]、arguments NodeList

new Set( [1, 2, 3] )

 

Set.add()

Set.delete()

Set.clear()

Set.has()

oS.forEach( val => {

  console.log(val)

} )

ES6 for of 需要具备迭代接口才能使用

for (let prop of  [ ‘a‘, ‘b‘ ]){

  console.log(prop)

}

//  数组转化为Set

let arr = [1, 2 ,3, 4, 5]

let oS = new Set( arr )

// Set 转化为 数组

// ...   扩展运算,可扩展任意具有迭代接口的值

// Array.form 将具备迭代接口的数据 转化为数组

Array.from( oS ) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

[ ...oS ] // [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]

 

数组去重

let arr = [ 1,2 ,3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3 ]
let obj = {}
let newArr = []

for ( let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++ ) {
  if ( !obj [ arr[i] ] ) {
    newArr.push( arr[i] )
    obj[ arr[i] ] = true
  }
} 有缺陷,当传入对象的时候会出现错误


let oS = new Set(arr)

// 并集 交集 和 差集
// 并集
let arr1 = [ 1, 2, 3, 2, 3 ]
let arr2 = [ 3, 2, 4, 4, 5 ]
let oS = new Set( ...arr1, ...arr2 )

// 交集
let oS1 = new Set(arr1)
let oS2 = new Set(arr2)
[...oS1].filter( ele => {
  return oS2.has(ele)
} )
// 差集
let newArr1 = [...oS1].filter( ele => {
return !oS2.has(ele)
} )
let newArr2 = [...oS2].filter( ele => {
return !oS1.has(ele)
} )
[...newArr1, ...newArr2]

ES6变化 - Map

  简介:

    Map 是ES6提供给我们的构造函数,能够造出一种新的存储数据的结构。本质上是键值对的集合

  特点:

    key对应value,key和value唯一,任何值都可以当属性

  用途:

    可以让对象当属性,去重等

  原理实现:

    邻接链表、hash算法、桶

 

let oMp = new Map([ [‘name‘, ‘as‘], [‘age‘, ‘23‘], [‘sex‘, ‘male‘], [ {}, ‘----‘ ] ])
// oMp( ‘name‘ => ‘as‘, ‘age‘ => ‘23‘, ‘sex‘ => ‘male‘, {} => ‘----‘ )


// api

let oMp = new Map()
oMp.set(‘name‘, ‘cst‘)
oMp.set(‘age‘, 18)
oMp.set({}, ‘----‘)
oMp.set({}, ‘++++‘)

// get 取值
oMp.get()

oMp.delete()

oMp.clear()

oMp.size()
 
oMp.keys() // 属性名    MapIterator { "name" , "age" }

oMp.entries() // 属性名和属性值拼一个对返回  MapIterator { "name" => "cst", "age" => 18 }



// forEach
oMp.forEach( (ele, key, self) => {
  
} )

for (let val of oMp) {
  console.log(val)  //  ["name", "cst"]  ["age", 18]
  console.log(val[0], val[1]) // name cst    age 18
}

//has
oMp.has(‘name‘) // true

for (let val oMp.keys()) {
  console.log(val)
 // name age 
}

 

ES6 Map 存储原理

  // Map 实现

  // 链表

  let node1 = {

    key: ‘name‘,

    value: ‘1‘,

    next: node2

  }

  let node2 = {

    key: ‘name2‘,

    value: ‘2‘,

    next: node3

  }

  let node3 = {

    key: ‘name3‘,

    value: ‘3‘,

    next: null

  }

  let oMp = new Map( [ [ ‘name1‘, ‘1‘ ], [ ‘name2‘, ‘2‘ ] ] )

  // hash 特定范围的值

    把不定的值变为特定的值都叫为hash 算法 eg:Math.random() * 10 + 5    5 - 15

  // 桶

  [

    {

      key: ‘name1‘,

      value: ‘1‘,

      next: {

        key: ‘name2‘,

        value: ‘2‘

      }

    },

    {},

    {},

    {},

    {},

    {},

    {},

    {}

  ]

Map 模拟实现

1. 不重复

2. 字符串 对象 NaN null [ ] function(){}  10

3. delete  set  get  has clear

 

let prop = ‘name‘

let obj = {

  [prop + 10] : ‘cst‘

}

function myMap () {

  this.bucketLength = 8

  this.init()

}

myMap.prototype,init = function () {

  // 初始化 桶 8

  this.bucket = new Array( this.bucketLength )

  for ( var i = 0; i < this.bucket.length; i++ ) {

    this.bucket[i] = {

      type: ‘bucket_‘ + i,
      next: null
    }
  }

}

// 1. [ 0, 8 ]

// 2. 重复算值固定

myMap.prototype.makeHash = function (key) {

  // string number boolean null undefined NaN {} [ ]  function (){}

  let hash = 0

  if ( typeof key !== ‘string‘ ) {

    if (  typeof key == ‘number‘ ) {

      // Object.is( NaN, NaN ) true 完全长一样就相等
      hash = Object.is( key, NaN ) ? 0 : key
    }else if (typeof key == ‘object‘) {

      // null {} [ ]
      hash = 1
    }else if ( typeof key == ‘boolean‘ ) {

      // true false
      hash = Number(key)
    }else {

      // undefined function() {}
      hash = 2
    }
  }else {

    // string
    // ‘a‘ ‘ab‘ ‘asfdfaffsa‘
    // 长度大于等于3 前三个字符 ASCII 累加
    for ( let i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) {

      hash += key[i] ? key[i]charCodeAt(0) : 0
    }

  }

  return hash % 8

}

myMap.prototype.set = function (key, value) {

  let hash = this.makeHash(key)

  let oTempBucket = this.bucket[ hash ]

  while ( oTempBucket.next ) {

    if ( oTempBucket.next.key == key ) {

      oTempBucket.next.value = value
    }else {

      oTempBucket = oTempBucket.next
    }
    
  }

  oTempBuck.next = {

    key: key,
    value: value,
    next: null
  }

}



myMap.prototype.get = function ( key ) {

  let hash = this.makeHash(key)

  let oTempBucket = this.bucket[ hash ]

  while( oTempBucket ) {

    if (oTempBucket.key == key) {

      return oTempBucket.value
    } else {

      oTempBucket = oTempBucket.next
    }
  }
  return undefined

}



myMap.prototype.delete = function (key) {

  let hash = this.makeHash(key)

  let oTempBucket = this.bucket[ hash ]

    while ( oTempBucket.next ) {

    if ( oTempBucket.next.key == key ) {

      oTempBucket.next = oTempBucket.next.next
      return true
    } else {

      oTempBucket = oTempBucket.next
    }
    return false
  }
}

myMap.prototype.has = function () {

  let hash = this.makeHash(key)

  let oTempBucket = this.bucket[ hash ]

  while ( oTempBucket) {

    if (oTempBucket.next  && oTempBucket.next.key == key ) {

      retrun true   

    } else {

    oTempBucket = oTempBucket.next
  }

  return false

}
myMap.prototype.clear = function (key) {
   // this.bucket = new Array(this.bucketLength)
    this.init()
}

let oMp = new myMap()

oMp.set( ‘name‘, ‘cst‘ )

 

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