设计模式之美学习-设计模式-建造者模式(十起)

Posted 2021-03-03 lqblog

需求

我们需要定义一个资源池配置类 ResourcePoolConfig。这里的资源池，你可以简单理解为线程池、连接池、对象池等。在这个资源池配置类中，有以下几个成员变量，也就是可配置项。现在，请你编写代码实现这个 ResourcePoolConfig 类。

 

 

 实现方式一

实现

public class ResourcePoolConfig {
  private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_TOTAL = 8;
  private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_IDLE = 8;
  private static final int DEFAULT_MIN_IDLE = 0;

  private String name;
  private int maxTotal = DEFAULT_MAX_TOTAL;
  private int maxIdle = DEFAULT_MAX_IDLE;
  private int minIdle = DEFAULT_MIN_IDLE;

  public ResourcePoolConfig(String name, Integer maxTotal, Integer maxIdle, Integer minIdle) {
    if (StringUtils.isBlank(name)) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("name should not be empty.");
    }
    this.name = name;

    if (maxTotal != null) {
      if (maxTotal <= 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxTotal should be positive.");
      }
      this.maxTotal = maxTotal;
    }

    if (maxIdle != null) {
      if (maxIdle < 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxIdle should not be negative.");
      }
      this.maxIdle = maxIdle;
    }

    if (minIdle != null) {
      if (minIdle < 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("minIdle should not be negative.");
      }
      this.minIdle = minIdle;
    }
  }
  //...省略getter方法...
}

使用

// 参数太多，导致可读性差、参数可能传递错误
ResourcePoolConfig config = new ResourcePoolConfig("dbconnectionpool", 16, null, 8, null, false , true, 10, 20，false， true);

实现方式二

实现

public class ResourcePoolConfig {
  private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_TOTAL = 8;
  private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_IDLE = 8;
  private static final int DEFAULT_MIN_IDLE = 0;

  private String name;
  private int maxTotal = DEFAULT_MAX_TOTAL;
  private int maxIdle = DEFAULT_MAX_IDLE;
  private int minIdle = DEFAULT_MIN_IDLE;
  
  public ResourcePoolConfig(String name) {
    if (StringUtils.isBlank(name)) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("name should not be empty.");
    }
    this.name = name;
  }

  public void setMaxTotal(int maxTotal) {
    if (maxTotal <= 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxTotal should be positive.");
    }
    this.maxTotal = maxTotal;
  }

  public void setMaxIdle(int maxIdle) {
    if (maxIdle < 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxIdle should not be negative.");
    }
    this.maxIdle = maxIdle;
  }

  public void setMinIdle(int minIdle) {
    if (minIdle < 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("minIdle should not be negative.");
    }
    this.minIdle = minIdle;
  }
  //...省略getter方法...
}

使用

// ResourcePoolConfig使用举例
ResourcePoolConfig config = new ResourcePoolConfig("dbconnectionpool");
config.setMaxTotal(16);
config.setMaxIdle(8);

缺点

1.名字不能为空 只能在使用的时候校验

2.配置间的依赖关系 比如，如果用户设置了 maxTotal、maxIdle、minIdle 其中一个，就必须显式地设置另外两个；或者配置项之间有一定的约束条件，比如，maxIdle 和 minIdle 要小于等于 maxTotal。如果我们继续使用现在的设计思路，那这些配置项之间的依赖关系或者约束条件的校验逻辑就无处安放了。

建造者模式

通过建造者的集中校验

public class ResourcePoolConfig {
  private String name;
  private int maxTotal;
  private int maxIdle;
  private int minIdle;

  private ResourcePoolConfig(Builder builder) {
    this.name = builder.name;
    this.maxTotal = builder.maxTotal;
    this.maxIdle = builder.maxIdle;
    this.minIdle = builder.minIdle;
  }
  //...省略getter方法...

  //我们将Builder类设计成了ResourcePoolConfig的内部类。
  //我们也可以将Builder类设计成独立的非内部类ResourcePoolConfigBuilder。
  public static class Builder {
    private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_TOTAL = 8;
    private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_IDLE = 8;
    private static final int DEFAULT_MIN_IDLE = 0;

    private String name;
    private int maxTotal = DEFAULT_MAX_TOTAL;
    private int maxIdle = DEFAULT_MAX_IDLE;
    private int minIdle = DEFAULT_MIN_IDLE;

    public ResourcePoolConfig build() {
      // 校验逻辑放到这里来做，包括必填项校验、依赖关系校验、约束条件校验等
      if (StringUtils.isBlank(name)) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("...");
      }
      if (maxIdle > maxTotal) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("...");
      }
      if (minIdle > maxTotal || minIdle > maxIdle) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("...");
      }

      return new ResourcePoolConfig(this);
    }

    public Builder setName(String name) {
      if (StringUtils.isBlank(name)) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("...");
      }
      this.name = name;
      return this;
    }

    public Builder setMaxTotal(int maxTotal) {
      if (maxTotal <= 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("...");
      }
      this.maxTotal = maxTotal;
      return this;
    }

    public Builder setMaxIdle(int maxIdle) {
      if (maxIdle < 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("...");
      }
      this.maxIdle = maxIdle;
      return this;
    }

    public Builder setMinIdle(int minIdle) {
      if (minIdle < 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("...");
      }
      this.minIdle = minIdle;
      return this;
    }
  }
}

// 这段代码会抛出IllegalArgumentException，因为minIdle>maxIdle
ResourcePoolConfig config = new ResourcePoolConfig.Builder()
        .setName("dbconnectionpool")
        .setMaxTotal(16)
        .setMaxIdle(10)
        .setMinIdle(12)
        .build();

通过builder集中设置,最后build创建对象

建造者与工厂模式的区别

1.工厂模式是创建相同类型不同实现的子类对象,实现多态

2.建造者是在通过不同的复杂的参数按照指定的工序构造一个复杂的对象(不一定指定的工序 还可以是不同的工序 在上面例子中build抽象出接口)