WebDriver API 实例详解
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三十一、使用页面的文字内容识别和处理新弹出的浏览器窗口
被测试网页的html源码：
1 <html> 2 <head> 3 <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html"> 4 <title>你喜欢的水果</title> 5 </head> 6 <body> 7 <p id="p1">你爱吃的水果么？</p> 8 <br><br> 9 <a href="http://www.sogou.com" target="_blank">sogou搜索</a> 10 </body> 11 </html>
Java语言版本的API实例代码：
1 package test; 2 3 import org.testng.annotations.Test; 4 5 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; 6 7 import java.io.File; 8 import java.util.Set; 9 10 import org.openqa.selenium.By; 11 import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException; 12 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 13 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 14 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 15 import org.testng.Assert; 16 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; 17 18 public class ChormeOpen { 19 WebDriver driver; 20 21 @Test 22 public void opentest() { 23 File file = new File(""); 24 String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "file12.html"; 25 driver.get(url); 26 String parentWindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle(); 27 WebElement sogouLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a")); 28 sogouLink.click(); 29 Set<String> allWindowsHandles = driver.getWindowHandles(); 30 if(!allWindowsHandles.isEmpty()){ 31 for(String windowHandle:allWindowsHandles){ 32 try { 33 if(driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle).getPageSource().contains("搜狗搜索")){ 34 driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys("sogou"); 35 } 36 } catch (NoSuchWindowException e) { 37 // TODO: handle exception 38 e.printStackTrace(); 39 } 40 } 41 } 42 driver.switchTo().window(parentWindowHandle); 43 Assert.assertEquals(driver.getTitle(), "你喜欢的水果"); 44 try { 45 Thread.sleep(3000); 46 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 47 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 48 e.printStackTrace(); 49 } 50 } 51 52 @BeforeMethod 53 public void beforeMethod() { 54 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe"); 55 driver = new ChromeDriver(); 56 } 57 58 @AfterMethod 59 public void afterMethod() { 60 driver.quit(); 61 } 62 63 }
三十二、操作JavaScript的Alert弹窗
目的：能够模拟单击弹出的Alert窗口的-‘确定’-按钮
被测试网页的HTML源码：
1 <html> 2 <head> 3 <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html"> 4 <title>你喜欢的水果</title> 5 </head> 6 <body> 7 <input id="button" type="button" onclick="alert(‘这是一个alert弹出框‘);" value="单击此按钮"></input> 8 </body> 9 </html>
Java语言版本的API实例代码：
1 package test; 2 3 import org.testng.annotations.Test; 4 5 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; 6 7 import java.io.File; 8 import java.util.Set; 9 10 import org.openqa.selenium.Alert; 11 import org.openqa.selenium.By; 12 import org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException; 13 import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException; 14 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 15 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 16 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 17 import org.testng.Assert; 18 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; 19 20 public class ChormeOpen { 21 WebDriver driver; 22 23 @Test 24 public void opentest() { 25 File file = new File(""); 26 String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "file13.html"; 27 driver.get(url); 28 WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input")); 29 button.click(); 30 try { 31 Thread.sleep(3000); 32 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 33 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 34 e.printStackTrace(); 35 } 36 try { 37 Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert(); 38 Assert.assertEquals("这是一个alert弹出框", alert.getText()); 39 alert.accept();//单击确定按钮 40 } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) { 41 // TODO: handle exception 42 Assert.fail("alert未被找到"); 43 e.printStackTrace(); 44 } 45 try { 46 Thread.sleep(3000); 47 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 48 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 49 e.printStackTrace(); 50 } 51 } 52 53 @BeforeMethod 54 public void beforeMethod() { 55 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe"); 56 driver = new ChromeDriver(); 57 } 58 59 @AfterMethod 60 public void afterMethod() { 61 driver.quit(); 62 } 63 64 }
三十三、操作JavaScript的confirm弹窗
目的：能够模拟单击javascript弹出的confirm框中的“确定”和“取消”按钮。
被测试网页的HTML源码：
1 <html> 2 <head> 3 <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html"> 4 <title>你喜欢的水果</title> 5 </head> 6 <body> 7 <input id="button" type="button" onclick="confirm(‘这是一个confirm弹出框‘);" value="单击此按钮"></input> 8 </body> 9 </html>
Java语言版本的API实例代码：
1 package test; 2 3 import org.testng.annotations.Test; 4 5 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; 6 7 import java.io.File; 8 9 import org.openqa.selenium.Alert; 10 import org.openqa.selenium.By; 11 import org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException; 12 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 13 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 14 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 15 import org.testng.Assert; 16 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; 17 18 public class ChormeOpen { 19 WebDriver driver; 20 21 @Test 22 public void opentest() { 23 File file = new File(""); 24 String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "file14.html"; 25 driver.get(url); 26 WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input")); 27 button.click(); 28 try { 29 Thread.sleep(3000); 30 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 31 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 32 e.printStackTrace(); 33 } 34 try { 35 Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert(); 36 Assert.assertEquals("这是一个confirm弹出框", alert.getText()); 37 //alert.accept();//单击确定按钮 38 alert.dismiss();//单击取消 39 } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) { 40 // TODO: handle exception 41 Assert.fail("confirm未被找到"); 42 e.printStackTrace(); 43 } 44 try { 45 Thread.sleep(3000); 46 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 47 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 48 e.printStackTrace(); 49 } 50 } 51 52 @BeforeMethod 53 public void beforeMethod() { 54 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe"); 55 driver = new ChromeDriver(); 56 } 57 58 @AfterMethod 59 public void afterMethod() { 60 driver.quit(); 61 } 62 63 }
三十四、操作JavaScript的prompt弹窗
目的：能够在JavaScript的prompt弹窗中输入自定义的字符串，单击“确定”按钮和“取消”按钮。
被测试网页的HTML源码：
1 <html> 2 <head> 3 <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html"> 4 <title>你喜欢的水果</title> 5 </head> 6 <body> 7 <input id="button" type="button" onclick="prompt(‘这是一个prompt弹出框‘);" value="单击此按钮"></input> 8 </body> 9 </html>
Java语言版本的API实例代码：
1 package test; 2 3 import org.testng.annotations.Test; 4 5 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; 6 7 import java.io.File; 8 9 import org.openqa.selenium.Alert; 10 import org.openqa.selenium.By; 11 import org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException; 12 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 13 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 14 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 15 import org.testng.Assert; 16 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; 17 18 public class ChormeOpen { 19 WebDriver driver; 20 21 @Test 22 public void opentest() { 23 File file = new File(""); 24 String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "file15.html"; 25 driver.get(url); 26 WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input")); 27 button.click(); 28 try { 29 Thread.sleep(3000); 30 } catch (Exception e) { 31 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 32 e.printStackTrace(); 33 } 34 try { 35 Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert(); 36 Assert.assertEquals("这是一个prompt弹出框", alert.getText()); 37 alert.sendKeys("想改变命运，就必须每天学习2小时"); 38 Thread.sleep(3000); 39 alert.accept();//单击确定按钮 40 //alert.dismiss();//单击取消 41 } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) { 42 // TODO: handle exception 43 Assert.fail("confirm未被找到"); 44 e.printStackTrace(); 45 }catch (Exception e) { 46 // TODO: handle exception 47 e.printStackTrace(); 48 } 49 try { 50 Thread.sleep(3000); 51 } catch (Exception e) { 52 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 53 e.printStackTrace(); 54 } 55 } 56 57 @BeforeMethod 58 public void beforeMethod() { 59 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe"); 60 driver = new ChromeDriver(); 61 } 62 63 @AfterMethod 64 public void afterMethod() { 65 driver.quit(); 66 } 67 68 }
三十五、操作Frame中的页面元素
目的：能够进入页面的不同Frame中进行页面元素的操作。
被测试网页的HTML源码：
frameset.htmlframe_left.htmlframe_middle.htmlframe_right.htmlJava语言版本的API实例代码：
1 package test; 2 3 import org.testng.annotations.Test; 4 5 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; 6 7 import java.io.File; 8 9 import org.openqa.selenium.By; 10 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 11 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 12 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 13 import org.testng.Assert; 14 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; 15 16 public class ChormeOpen { 17 WebDriver driver; 18 19 @Test 20 public void opentest() { 21 File file = new File(""); 22 String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "frameset.html"; 23 driver.get(url); 24 driver.switchTo().frame("leftframe"); 25 WebElement leftframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p")); 26 Assert.assertEquals("这是左侧frame页面上的文字", leftframeText.getText()); 27 driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); 28 // 29 driver.switchTo().frame("middleframe"); 30 WebElement middleframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p")); 31 Assert.assertEquals("这是中间frame页面上的文字", middleframeText.getText()); 32 driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); 33 // 34 driver.switchTo().frame("rightframe"); 35 WebElement rightframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p")); 36 Assert.assertEquals("这是右侧frame页面上的文字", rightframeText.getText()); 37 driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); 38 // 39 //使用索引。从0开始 40 driver.switchTo().frame(1); 41 middleframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//P")); 42 Assert.assertEquals("这是中间frame页面上的文字", middleframeText.getText()); 43 44 try { 45 Thread.sleep(3000); 46 } catch (Exception e) { 47 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 48 e.printStackTrace(); 49 } 50 } 51 52 @BeforeMethod 53 public void beforeMethod() { 54 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe"); 55 driver = new ChromeDriver(); 56 } 57 58 @AfterMethod 59 public void afterMethod() { 60 driver.quit(); 61 } 62 63 }
三十六、使用Frame中的HTML源码内容来操作Frame
目的：能够使用Frame页面的HTML源码定位指定的Frame页面并进行操作。
被测试网页的HTML源码：
同三十五被测试页面的HTML源码。
Java语言版本的API实例代码：
1 package test; 2 3 import org.testng.annotations.Test; 4 5 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; 6 7 import java.io.File; 8 import java.util.List; 9 10 import org.openqa.selenium.By; 11 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 12 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 13 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 14 import org.testng.Assert; 15 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; 16 17 public class ChormeOpen { 18 WebDriver driver; 19 20 @Test 21 public void opentest() { 22 File file = new File(""); 23 String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "frameset.html"; 24 driver.get(url); 25 List<WebElement> frames = driver.findElements(By.tagName("frame")); 26 for(WebElement frame:frames){ 27 driver.switchTo().frame(frame); 28 if(driver.getPageSource().contains("中间frame")){ 29 WebElement middleframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p")); 30 Assert.assertEquals("这是中间frame页面上的文字", middleframeText.getText()); 31 break; 32 }else{ 33 driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); 34 } 35 } 36 driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); 37 try { 38 Thread.sleep(3000); 39 } catch (Exception e) { 40 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 41 e.printStackTrace(); 42 } 43 } 44 45 @BeforeMethod 46 public void beforeMethod() { 47 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe"); 48 driver = new ChromeDriver(); 49 } 50 51 @AfterMethod 52 public void afterMethod() { 53 driver.quit(); 54 } 55 56 }
三十七、操作IFrame中的页面元素
被测试网页的HTML源码：
同三十五被测试页面的HTML源码，只是需要更新如下页面的HTML源码：
修改frame_left.html源码：
frame_left.html在frame_left.html同级目录下新增iframe.html文件：
iframe.htmlJava语言版本的API实例代码：
1 package test; 2 3 import org.testng.annotations.Test; 4 5 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; 6 7 import java.io.File; 8 import org.openqa.selenium.By; 9 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 10 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 11 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 12 import org.testng.Assert; 13 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; 14 15 public class ChormeOpen { 16 WebDriver driver; 17 18 @Test 19 public void opentest() { 20 File file = new File(""); 21 String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "frameset.html"; 22 driver.get(url); 23 driver.switchTo().frame("leftframe"); 24 WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.tagName("iframe")); 25 driver.switchTo().frame(iframe); 26 WebElement p = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p")); 27 Assert.assertEquals("这是iframe页面上的文字", p.getText()); 28 driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); 29 driver.switchTo().frame("middleframe"); 30 try { 31 Thread.sleep(3000); 32 } catch (Exception e) { 33 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 34 e.printStackTrace(); 35 } 36 } 37 38 @BeforeMethod 39 public void beforeMethod() { 40 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe"); 41 driver = new ChromeDriver(); 42 } 43 44 @AfterMethod 45 public void afterMethod() { 46 driver.quit(); 47 } 48 49 }
三十八、操作浏览器的Cookie
目的：能够遍历输出所有的Cookie的Key和value;能够删除指定的Cookie对象;能够删除所有的Cookie对象。
被测试网页的地址：
http:www.sogou.com
Java语言版本的API实例代码：
1 package test; 2 3 import org.testng.annotations.Test; 4 5 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; 6 import java.util.Set; 7 import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie; 8 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 9 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 10 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; 11 12 public class ChormeOpen { 13 WebDriver driver; 14 String url = "http://www.sogou.com"; 15 @Test 16 public void opentest() { 17 driver.get(url); 18 Set<Cookie> cookies = driver.manage().getCookies(); 19 Cookie newCookie = new Cookie("cookieName","cookieValue"); 20 System.out.println(String.format("Domain-> name -> value -> expiry -> path")); 21 for(Cookie cookie:cookies){ 22 System.out.println(String.format("%s-> %s -> %s -> %s -> %s", 23 cookie.getDomain(),cookie.getName(), 24 cookie.getValue(),cookie.getExpiry(),cookie.getPath())); 25 } 26 //删除cookie的3种方法 27 //1 28 driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("CookieName"); 29 30 //2 31 driver.manage().deleteCookie(newCookie); 32 33 //3 34 driver.manage().deleteAllCookies(); 35 36 try { 37 Thread.sleep(3000); 38 } catch (Exception e) { 39 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 40 e.printStackTrace(); 41 } 42 } 43 44 @BeforeMethod 45 public void beforeMethod() { 46 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe"); 47 driver = new ChromeDriver(); 48 } 49 50 @AfterMethod 51 public void afterMethod() { 52 driver.quit(); 53 } 54 55 }
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