ActionMailer发送邮件

Posted 2021-03-01 mr-ranx

首先生成一个User邮件程序，

rails generate mailer UserMailer account_activation password_reset

email_activation password_reset分别是激活邮箱和重置密码的方法，运行命令后会自动在mailers生成一个user_mailer.rb文件，在ApplicationMailer中修改默认发送地址

default from: "[e-mail]"

在user_mailer.rb文件中，有上面说的两个方法，

class UserMailer < ApplicationMailer

  def email_activation(user)  
     @user = user  
    mail to: user.email, subject: "Email activation"
  end

  def password_reset(user)
     @user = user  
     mail to: user.email, subject: "Password reset"
  end

在app/views/user_mailer/email_activation.html.erb中激活邮箱的html格式

<h1>Sample App</h1>  
<p>Hi <%= @user.name %>,</p>

<p> Welcome to the Sample App! Click on the link below to activate your account: </p>

 <%= link_to "Activate", edit_account_activation_url(@user.activation_token,email: @user.email) %>

邮件相关配置
在config/environments/development.rb文件中

Rails.application.configure do 
  config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = true
  config.action_mailer.perform_deliveries = true
  config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp
  host = ENV[‘HOST‘]
  config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { host: host, protocol: ‘http‘ }
  ActionMailer::Base.smtp_settings = {
    :address        => ‘smtp.sendcloud.net‘,
    :port           => 25,
    :authentication => "login",
    :user_name    => ENV[‘APIUSER‘],
    :password    => ENV[‘APIKEY‘],
    :domain    => ‘[e-mail]‘,
    :enable_starttls_auto => true
  }
end

我们在user.rb中写一下关于token验证的方法（我是在model中写的，因为user里面方法太多了，看着不好，写完在user里面继承一下就好了）

module ActivationPasswordResetDigest
  extend ActiveSupport::Concern

  class_methods do
    # 返回指定字符串的哈希摘要 
    def digest(string)
      cost = ActiveModel::SecurePassword.min_cost ? BCrypt::Engine::MIN_COST :
                                                    BCrypt::Engine.cost
      BCrypt::Password.create(string, cost: cost) 
    end

    # 返回一个随机令牌 
    def new_token
      SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64 
    end 
  end

  def create_activation_digest
    self.activation_token = User.new_token
    update!(activation_digest: User.digest(activation_token))
    activation_token
  end
  
  def create_reset_digest
    self.reset_token = User.new_token
    update!(reset_digest: User.digest(reset_token))
    update!(reset_sent_at: Time.zone.now)
    reset_token
  end
  
  def authenticated?(attribute, token)
    digest = send("#{attribute}_digest")
    return false if digest.blank?
    BCrypt::Password.new(digest).is_password?(token)
  end

  # 如果密码重设请求超时了，返回 true 
  def password_reset_expired?
    reset_sent_at < 2.hours.ago 
  end
end

然后在需要发送邮件的Controller里面调用

UserMailer.email_activation(@user).deliver_later

在account_activation.html.erb中调用生成token的方法：

<%= link_to "激活邮箱",edit_email_activation_url(@user.create_activation_digest,
email: @user.login_email)%>
差不多就是这样啦，有疑问可以在主页通过邮箱联系我