Oracle工具(Oracle Tools) – RDA(RemoteDiagnostic Agent)

Posted 2021-02-21 lkj371

Oracle提供一个RDA(RemoteDiagnostic Agent)工具方便收集、分析数据库，运行该工具不会改变系统的任何参数，RDA收集的相关数据非常全面，可以简化DBA日常监控、分析数据库的工作。

官方介绍：
Remote Diagnostic Agent (RDA) is a command-line diagnostic tool that is executed by an engine written in the Perl programming language. RDA provides a unified package of support diagnostics tools and preventive solutions. The data captured provides Oracle Support with a comprehensive picture of the customer‘s environment which aids in problem diagnosis.

Oracle Support encourages the use of RDA because it greatly reduces service request resolution time by minimizing the number of requests from Oracle Support for more information. RDA is designed to be as unobtrusive as possible; it does not modify systems in any way. It collects useful data for Oracle Support only and a security filter is provided if required.

This guide provides users with an overview of RDA, the download instructions, and general steps about how to execute RDA within a UNIX, Windows, and Mac OS X environment.

参考文档：

• Remote Diagnostic Agent (RDA) 4 – Getting Started [ID 314422.1]
• Remote Diagnostic Agent (RDA) 4 – FAQ [ID 330363.1]
• Remote Diagnostic Agent (RDA) 4 – RAC Cluster Guide [ID 359395.1]

下载：
RDA基本都能支持我们所能接触的平台，我们从MOS上直接下载对应的版本即可。

安装与使用
官方原文：

Installation Instructions Instructions for UNIX type operating systems: 1. From all your existing nodes, select a single node where you start the data collection and store the combined output on. 2. Choose or create a directory that will be used exclusively for RDA on your Unix server. Make sure you have ample space for RDA output in that location you have chosen, as this location will contain all data gathered from all nodes including local node as well as combined archive package. It does not matter where you create this directory or what it is named, but it should be owned by the same user that will run RDA. Do notuse a directory that contains an older version of RDA unless you have deleted the older version of RDA first; if need be prior setup files can be reused. Note: Each rda package (.zip, .tar, and .tar.gz) does create a directory named " rda" containing all files for you when you extract it. 3. FTP the downloaded rda.tar or rda.tar.gz file from Knowledge Article 314422.1 to your Unix server in binary mode and place it in the directory created in step 1. 4. Extract the tar or .tar.gz archive contents into a new directory, preserving the directory structure of the archive. Do not extract into a directory that contains an     older RDA version. Example: tar xvf rda.tar or gunzip rda.tar.gz
    tar xvf rda.tar 5. Make sure the RDA command (rda.sh and rda.pl) is executable. To verify, enter the following command: chmod +x <rda> Note: Do not extract the contents of the RDA archive (rda.tar and rda.tar.gz) on a Windows client first. If you do, you will have to remove the ^M characters from the end of each line in all of the shell scripts in order for them to run. You can verify the RDA installation using the following command: rda.sh -cv Instructions for Microsoft Windows based operating systems 1. Choose or create a directory that will be used exclusively for RDA on your Unix server. Make sure you have ample space for RDA output in that location you have chosen, as this location will contain all data gathered from all nodes including local node as well as combined archive package. It does not matter where you create this directory or what it is named, but it should be owned by the same user that will run RDA. Do not use a directory that contains an older version of RDA unless you have deleted the older version of RDA first; if need be prior setup files can be reused. Note: Each RDA package (.zip, .tar, and .tar.gz) does create a directory named " rda " containing all files for you when you extract it. 2. Transfer the downloaded rda.zip file from Knowledge Article 314422.1 to your Windows Server and place it in the directory created in step 1. If transferring the zip file from one machine to another using FTP, remember to transfer it in binary mode. 3. extract the .zip archive contents into a new directory, preserving the directory structure of the archive. Do not extract into a directory that contains an older RDA version. Example: unzip rda.zip 4. You can verify the RDA installation using the following command: rda.cmd -cv Note: Only SINGLE NODE RAC collection is supported on Windows unless you are running RDA inside a Cygwin Unix or MKS Toolkit with SSH support on all node

1、工具包下载完后如在linux、unix下使用，不要在window操作系统下做解压缩，脚本的文件格式会破坏。
2、ftp上传是采用二进制方式。
3、执行解压缩命令 #tar xvf rda_4.8-070607.tar.gz #chown –R oracle:dba ./rda //修改rda属主为Oracle用户 windows下直接通过winrar等压缩软件解压
4、在解压缩后的目录下执行 ./rda.sh（rda.cmd） -c 测试是否正常
5、在数据库创建用户下执行（一般即为oracle用户）RDA配置 export ORACLE_SID= easnm （生产库或测试库实例名），windows下为：set ORACLE_SID= easnm （生产库或测试库实例名） ./rda.sh（rda.cmd） -S //第一次配置 前面一直回车，一直到提示输入system用户密码，提示如下： 输入密码后回车，(也可以直接输入 ‘/’,此时默认为sysdba，不用输入密码)，此时需要输入Y，再回车。 向导后续会让你回答当前数据库的若干问题（Y/N），全部直接回车。 完成配置后rda目录下会生成配置文件 setup.cfg、setup.bak， 如果需要重新调整配置参数，使用RDA命令重新配置（./rda.sh（rda.cmd） -Sf ）
使用时注意：
（1）有时不能生成zip格式的报告文件，这跟客户端是否安装压缩工具有关，需要自行解压缩相关报告文件。
（2）如果需要再次采集，覆盖已生成的报告文件，执行命令： ./rda.sh（rda.cmd） -vf
（3）如果需要重新配置，再次采集信息，生成报告文件，执行命令： ./rda.sh（rda.cmd） -Svf