is-is进阶实验
Posted miaocongcong
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规划说明：R5的e0/0为56.1.1.5/24，lo0为5.5.5.5/32
R6的e0/0为56.1.1.6/24，lo0为6.6.6.6/32，依次类推。
R5的isis类型为level-2
R6，R7的isis类型为level-2
R8的isis类型为level-1
所有互联接口和环回口都宣告进isis中，查看邻居信息，注意观察形成邻居的Type。
R5：
System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id
R6 L2 Et0/0 56.1.1.6 UP 8 R6.01
R7 L2 Et0/1 57.1.1.7 UP 8 R7.01
R6：
System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id
R5 L2 Et0/0 56.1.1.5 UP 27 R6.01
R8 L1 Et0/1 68.1.1.8 UP 7 R8.01
R7：
System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id
R5 L2 Et0/0 57.1.1.5 UP 27 R7.01
R8 L1 Et0/1 78.1.1.8 UP 8 R8.02
R8：
System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id
R6 L1 Et0/0 68.1.1.6 UP 20 R8.01
R7 L1 Et0/1 78.1.1.7 UP 25 R8.02
查看R5到R8的环回口lo0（8.8.8.8）的路由
R5#sh ip route isis
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 6.6.6.6 [115/20] via 56.1.1.6, 21:35:43, Ethernet0/0
7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 7.7.7.7 [115/20] via 57.1.1.7, 21:30:54, Ethernet0/1
8.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 8.8.8.8 [115/30] via 57.1.1.7, 21:30:54, Ethernet0/1
[115/30] via 56.1.1.6, 21:30:54, Ethernet0/0
68.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 68.1.1.0 [115/20] via 56.1.1.6, 21:35:43, Ethernet0/0
78.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 78.1.1.0 [115/20] via 57.1.1.7, 21:30:54, Ethernet0/1
metric值计算=数据包的出方向或者路由的入方向度量值累加=R5 的e0/0的metric（默认为10）+R56的e0/1的metric（默认为10）+R8 的lo0的metric（默认为10）=30
上图到 8.8.8.8出现1个等价metric为30的等价负载均衡，我们可以修改metric改变选路。
具体方法：
接口模式下 isis metric metric
修改R6的e0/1下metric再看下选路情况（R8的e0/0也修改了，为了保持链路两端开销一致）
R5#sh ip route isis
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 6.6.6.6 [115/20] via 56.1.1.6, 21:54:52, Ethernet0/0
7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 7.7.7.7 [115/20] via 57.1.1.7, 21:50:03, Ethernet0/1
8.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 8.8.8.8 [115/21] via 56.1.1.6, 00:12:19, Ethernet0/0
68.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 68.1.1.0 [115/11] via 56.1.1.6, 00:12:24, Ethernet0/0
78.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 78.1.1.0 [115/20] via 57.1.1.7, 21:50:03, Ethernet0/1
R5到8.8.8.8的路由变为一条，metric为21.
将metrci的值再修改为默认的10，我们再查看R8 的database和路由
R8#sh isis database
IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
R6.00-00 0x00000001 0x7121 665 0/0/0
R6.00-00 0x00000006 0xB757 972 1/0/0
R7.00-00 0x00000006 0xC533 972 1/0/0
R8.00-00 * 0x00000007 0x51FB 979 0/0/0
R8.01-00 * 0x00000002 0x1C25 974 0/0/0
R8.02-00 * 0x00000002 0x2E11 974 0/0/0
R8#sh ip route isis
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is 78.1.1.7 to network 0.0.0.0
i*L1 0.0.0.0/0 [115/10] via 78.1.1.7, 00:00:55, Ethernet0/1
[115/10] via 68.1.1.6, 00:00:55, Ethernet0/0
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 6.6.6.6 [115/20] via 68.1.1.6, 00:00:55, Ethernet0/0
7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 7.7.7.7 [115/20] via 78.1.1.7, 00:00:55, Ethernet0/1
56.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 56.1.1.0 [115/20] via 68.1.1.6, 00:00:55, Ethernet0/0
57.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 57.1.1.0 [115/20] via 78.1.1.7, 00:00:55, Ethernet0/1
当ATT位置1的 时候产生默认路由，指向边界。查看路由表，R8去往区域外部通过默认路由，也就是说因为是level-1类型，不保存其他区域数据库。
设置R5，R6之间的metric为63，R6，R8之间metric为1，
R5，R7和R7，R8之间默认为10，看下R8去往R5的lo0（5.5.5.5）的选路情况
R8#sh ip route isis
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is 68.1.1.6 to network 0.0.0.0
i*L1 0.0.0.0/0 [115/1] via 68.1.1.6, 00:00:06, Ethernet0/0
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 6.6.6.6 [115/11] via 68.1.1.6, 00:00:06, Ethernet0/0
7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 7.7.7.7 [115/20] via 78.1.1.7, 01:10:22, Ethernet0/1
56.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 56.1.1.0 [115/64] via 68.1.1.6, 00:00:06, Ethernet0/0
57.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 57.1.1.0 [115/20] via 78.1.1.7, 01:10:22, Ethernet0/1
由路由表可以看到，R8选择走R6，这形成了次优路径。
我们利用路由渗透技术，让R8学习到去往R5的5.5.5.5的明细路由
在R7上将Level-2数据库中的学习到的路由重分布到Level-1中，这样就可以传递给R8，从而R8去往R5 lo0可以优选R7这条路径
R7上渗透配置：
router isis
net 49.0002.0000.0000.0007.00
redistribute isis ip level-2 into level-1 route-map Lo0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
route-map Lo0 permit 10
match ip address 10
!
!
access-list 10 permit 5.5.5.5
我们做了一个route-map，只将5.5.5.5这条32位主机路由洋葱Level-2引入Level-1中，查看R8上的isis路由表
R8#sh ip route isis
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is 68.1.1.6 to network 0.0.0.0
i*L1 0.0.0.0/0 [115/1] via 68.1.1.6, 00:28:14, Ethernet0/0
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i ia 5.5.5.5 [115/158] via 78.1.1.7, 00:00:47, Ethernet0/1
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 6.6.6.6 [115/11] via 68.1.1.6, 00:28:14, Ethernet0/0
7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 7.7.7.7 [115/20] via 78.1.1.7, 01:38:30, Ethernet0/1
56.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 56.1.1.0 [115/64] via 68.1.1.6, 00:28:14, Ethernet0/0
57.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 57.1.1.0 [115/20] via 78.1.1.7, 01:38:30, Ethernet0/1
R8拥有R5环回口的明细路由（R7传递通过Level-1传递过来的），就会选择R7去往5.5.5.5
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