@InjectMocks注入依赖遇到的坑

Posted 2021-02-18 pomodoro

我在本地使用@InjectMocks注入依赖时发现@InjectMocks并不能将“被注入类”中所有“被Mook的类”都用“Mook的类”的替换掉，注入的方式似乎没有规则，目前测试结果如下：

@InjectMocks只会注入给一个成员变量，只注入一次。
优先级从大到小：没有创建对象的成员变量(无论申明在哪里，但只能有一个，超过一个会空指针) > 创建对象的成员变量(在申明时就创建对象)

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56940679/mockito-cant-inject-mocks

Here is a no answer. I could not give more because I am really sorry to see so many people use this awkward API relying on reflection while you could do things really clear for the readers of the class by explicitly setting the dependency.

The thing is, my test throws no exceptions, but it doesn‘t inject my mock object

Not surprising. This way of injecting the mock stays quiet even if no injection succeeds. From the InjectMocks javadoc (emphasis is not mine!) :

Mockito will try to inject mocks only either by constructor injection, setter injection, or property injection in order and as described below. If any of the following strategy fail, then Mockito won‘t report failure; i.e. you will have to provide dependencies yourself.

While Mockito does not report failure, I really discourage to use this API.

About your actual issue, look at that :

@Autowired
@InjectMocks
private IREjercicioDAO rEjercicioDAO;

You annotate the field with both Spring and Mockito annotation. Do you feel confortable with the order of their processing ? These come from two distinct libraries. I don‘t tell that it will never work (luck and random exists) but do you really think that it is robust ?

To achieve your requirement you could write something like that that does things in two explicit steps :
- objects instantiation : mocking the dependency and inject the spring dependency
- relationship set : between the mock dependency and the spring dependency

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = ATest.CONTEXT_CONFIGURATION)
public class REjercicioDAOTest extends ATest {

    @Mock 
    private ICustomFileHandler customFileHandler;

    @Autowired        
    private IREjercicioDAO rEjercicioDAO;

    @Before
    public void before () {    
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        // Set explicitly the fileHandler dependency
        rEjercicioDAO.setFileHandler(customFileHandler);         
    }
 }