django drf 深入ModelSerializer

Posted 2021-02-14 chenyishi

serializer用起来稍微麻烦，可以使用ModelSerializer，类似于django里的Form与ModelForm

1.定义ModelSerializer

from rest_framework import serializers
from goods.models import Goods, GoodsCategory


# class GoodsSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
#     """
#     Goods的serializer
#     """
#     name = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=100)
#     chick_num = serializers.IntegerField(default=0)
#     # goods_front_image = serializers.ImageField()
#     # 外键需要写数据里的字段名，不能写类里的字段名，例如不能写category，需要些category_id,请求时也得时数据库里的名
#     category_id = serializers.IntegerField()
#
#     """
#     创建
#     """
#     def create(self, validated_data):
#         return Goods.objects.create(**validated_data)

class CategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = GoodsCategory
        fields = ‘__all__‘


# 优点：解决上面的category_id外键问题
class GoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    Goods的serializer
    """
    # 自定义，可以获取到外键数据
    # read_only表示只用在获取数据
    category_obj = CategorySerializer(source=‘category‘,read_only=True)
    category_name = serializers.CharField(source=‘category.name‘,read_only=True)
    class Meta:
        model = Goods
        # 外键写类里的名就可以
        # fields = (‘name‘,‘chick_num‘,‘category‘)
        fields = ‘__all__‘

2.View引用

from django.shortcuts import render

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser

from goods.models import Goods
from goods.serializer import GoodsSerializer


class GoodsList(APIView):

    def get(self, request):
        goods = Goods.objects.all()[:10]
        goods_json = GoodsSerializer(goods, many=True)
        # print(type(goods_json))
        # print(type(goods_json.data))
        return Response(goods_json.data)

    def post(self, request):
        serializer = GoodsSerializer(data=request.data) # 不管是form或是json，post过来的数据，都可以通过request.data获取
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response({‘data‘: ‘ok‘}, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

3.test