android 8种对话框(Dialog)使用方法汇总
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目录
1.写在前面
2.代码示例
2.1 普通Dialog(图1与图2)
2.2 列表Dialog(图3)
2.3 单选Dialog(图4)
2.4 多选Dialog(图5)
2.5 等待Dialog(图6)
2.6 进度条Dialog(图7)
2.7 编辑Dialog(图8)
2.8 自定义Dialog(图9)
3.复写回调函数
1.写在前面
- android提供了丰富的
Dialog
函数,本文介绍最常用的8种对话框的使用方法,包括普通(包含提示消息和按钮)、列表、单选、多选、等待、进度条、编辑、自定义等多种形式,将在第2部分介绍。 - 有时,我们希望在对话框创建或关闭时完成一些特定的功能,这需要
复写
Dialog的create()
、show()
、dismiss()
等方法,将在第3部分介绍。
2.代码示例
2.1 普通Dialog(图1与图2)
- 2个按钮
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public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button buttonNormal = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_normal); buttonNormal.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { showNormalDialog(); } }); } private void showNormalDialog(){ /* @setIcon 设置对话框图标 * @setTitle 设置对话框标题 * @setMessage 设置对话框消息提示 * setXXX方法返回Dialog对象,因此可以链式设置属性 */ final AlertDialog.Builder normalDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity. this ); normalDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.icon_dialog); normalDialog.setTitle( "我是一个普通Dialog" ) normalDialog.setMessage( "你要点击哪一个按钮呢?" ); normalDialog.setPositiveButton( "确定" , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { //...To-do } }); normalDialog.setNegativeButton( "关闭" , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { //...To-do } }); // 显示 normalDialog.show(); } } |
- 3个按钮
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/* @setNeutralButton 设置中间的按钮 * 若只需一个按钮,仅设置 setPositiveButton 即可 */ private void showMultiBtnDialog(){ AlertDialog.Builder normalDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity. this ); normalDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.icon_dialog); normalDialog.setTitle( "我是一个普通Dialog" ).setMessage( "你要点击哪一个按钮呢?" ); normalDialog.setPositiveButton( "按钮1" , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // ...To-do } }); normalDialog.setNeutralButton( "按钮2" , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // ...To-do } }); normalDialog.setNegativeButton( "按钮3" , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // ...To-do } }); // 创建实例并显示 normalDialog.show(); } |
2.2 列表Dialog(图3)
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private void showListDialog() { final String[] items = { "我是1" , "我是2" , "我是3" , "我是4" }; AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity. this ); listDialog.setTitle( "我是一个列表Dialog" ); listDialog.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // which 下标从0开始 // ...To-do Toast.makeText(MainActivity. this , "你点击了" + items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); listDialog.show(); } |
2.3 单选Dialog(图4)
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int yourChoice; private void showSingleChoiceDialog(){ final String[] items = { "我是1" , "我是2" , "我是3" , "我是4" }; yourChoice = - 1 ; AlertDialog.Builder singleChoiceDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity. this ); singleChoiceDialog.setTitle( "我是一个单选Dialog" ); // 第二个参数是默认选项,此处设置为0 singleChoiceDialog.setSingleChoiceItems(items, 0 , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { yourChoice = which; } }); singleChoiceDialog.setPositiveButton( "确定" , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { if (yourChoice != - 1 ) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity. this , "你选择了" + items[yourChoice], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } }); singleChoiceDialog.show(); } |
2.4 多选Dialog(图5)
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ArrayList<Integer> yourChoices = new ArrayList<>(); private void showMultiChoiceDialog() { final String[] items = { "我是1" , "我是2" , "我是3" , "我是4" }; // 设置默认选中的选项,全为false默认均未选中 final boolean initChoiceSets[]={ false , false , false , false }; yourChoices.clear(); AlertDialog.Builder multiChoiceDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity. this ); multiChoiceDialog.setTitle( "我是一个多选Dialog" ); multiChoiceDialog.setMultiChoiceItems(items, initChoiceSets, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) { if (isChecked) { yourChoices.add(which); } else { yourChoices.remove(which); } } }); multiChoiceDialog.setPositiveButton( "确定" , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { int size = yourChoices.size(); String str = "" ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < size; i++) { str += items[yourChoices.get(i)] + " " ; } Toast.makeText(MainActivity. this , "你选中了" + str, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); multiChoiceDialog.show(); } |
2.5 等待Dialog(图6)
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private void showWaitingDialog() { /* 等待Dialog具有屏蔽其他控件的交互能力 * @setCancelable 为使屏幕不可点击,设置为不可取消(false) * 下载等事件完成后,主动调用函数关闭该Dialog */ ProgressDialog waitingDialog= new ProgressDialog(MainActivity. this ); waitingDialog.setTitle( "我是一个等待Dialog" ); waitingDialog.setMessage( "等待中..." ); waitingDialog.setIndeterminate( true ); waitingDialog.setCancelable( false ); waitingDialog.show(); } |
2.6 进度条Dialog(图7)
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private void showProgressDialog() { /* @setProgress 设置初始进度 * @setProgressStyle 设置样式(水平进度条) * @setMax 设置进度最大值 */ final int MAX_PROGRESS = 100 ; final ProgressDialog progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(MainActivity. this ); progressDialog.setProgress( 0 ); progressDialog.setTitle( "我是一个进度条Dialog" ); progressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL); progressDialog.setMax(MAX_PROGRESS); progressDialog.show(); /* 模拟进度增加的过程 * 新开一个线程,每个100ms,进度增加1 */ new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { int progress= 0 ; while (progress < MAX_PROGRESS){ try { Thread.sleep( 100 ); progress++; progressDialog.setProgress(progress); } catch (InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } // 进度达到最大值后,窗口消失 progressDialog.cancel(); } }).start(); } |
2.7 编辑Dialog(图8)
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private void showInputDialog() { /*@setView 装入一个EditView */ final EditText editText = new EditText(MainActivity. this ); AlertDialog.Builder inputDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity. this ); inputDialog.setTitle( "我是一个输入Dialog" ).setView(editText); inputDialog.setPositiveButton( "确定" , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity. this , editText.getText().toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }).show(); } |
2.8 自定义Dialog(图9)
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<!-- res/layout/dialog_customize.xml--> <!-- 自定义View --> < LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> < EditText android:id="@+id/edit_text" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </ LinearLayout > |
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private void showCustomizeDialog() { /* @setView 装入自定义View ==> R.layout.dialog_customize * 由于dialog_customize.xml只放置了一个EditView,因此和图8一样 * dialog_customize.xml可自定义更复杂的View */ AlertDialog.Builder customizeDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity. this ); final View dialogView = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity. this ) .inflate(R.layout.dialog_customize, null ); customizeDialog.setTitle( "我是一个自定义Dialog" ); customizeDialog.setView(dialogView); customizeDialog.setPositiveButton( "确定" , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // 获取EditView中的输入内容 EditText edit_text = (EditText) dialogView.findViewById(R.id.edit_text); Toast.makeText(MainActivity. this , edit_text.getText().toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); customizeDialog.show(); } |
3.复写回调函数
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/* 复写Builder的create和show函数,可以在Dialog显示前实现必要设置 * 例如初始化列表、默认选项等 * @create 第一次创建时调用 * @show 每次显示时调用 */ private void showListDialog() { final String[] items = { "我是1" , "我是2" , "我是3" , "我是4" }; AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity. this ){ @Override public AlertDialog create() { items[ 0 ] = "我是No.1" ; return super .create(); } @Override public AlertDialog show() { items[ 1 ] = "我是No.2" ; return super .show(); } }; listDialog.setTitle( "我是一个列表Dialog" ); listDialog.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // ...To-do } }); /* @setOnDismissListener Dialog销毁时调用 * @setOnCancelListener Dialog关闭时调用 */ listDialog.setOnDismissListener( new DialogInterface.OnDismissListener() { public void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Dialog被销毁了" , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); listDialog.show(); } |
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