threading 之 semaphore信号量
Posted
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了threading 之 semaphore信号量相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
semaphore信号量的简单代码演示
import threading
import logging
import time
FORMAT = ‘%(threadName)s %(thread)d %(message)s‘
logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT, level=logging.INFO)
def worker(s:threading.Semaphore):
logging.info(‘in sub thread‘)
logging.info(s.acquire()) # 获取信号量,计数器 -1
logging.info(‘sub thread over‘)
s = threading.Semaphore(3) # 创建3个信号量计数器
logging.info(s.acquire())
print(s._value) # 看看现在信号量的内的数值是多少
logging.info(s.acquire())
print(s._value)
logging.info(s.acquire())
print(s._value)
threading.Thread(target=worker, args=(s, )).start()
time.sleep(2)
logging.info(s.acquire(False)) # 不阻塞,若获取不到信号量,则为False
logging.info(s.acquire(timeout=10)) # 设置超时时间,等待超时时间过了还未获取到信号,返回值为False
# 释放
logging.info(‘released‘)
s.release() # 释放信号量,计数器i + 1
简单的资源池演示
import threading
import logging
import random
FORMAT = ‘%(threadName)s %(thread)d %(message)s‘
logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT, level=logging.INFO)
class Conn:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Pool:
def __init__(self, count:int):
self.count = count
self.pool = [ self._connect(‘conn-{}‘.format(x)) for x in range(self.count)]
def _connect(self, conn_name):
return Conn(conn_name)
def get_conn(self):
conn = self.pool.pop()
return conn
def return_conn(self, conn:Conn):
self.pool.append(conn)
pool = Pool(3)
def worker(pool:Pool):
conn = pool.get_conn()
logging.info(conn)
threading.Event().wait(random.randint(1,4))
pool.return_conn(conn)
for i in range(6):
threading.Thread(target=worker, name=‘worker-{}‘.format(i), args=(pool,)).start()
使用semaphore来完善代码
import threading
import logging
import random
FORMAT = ‘%(threadName)s %(thread)d %(message)s‘
logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT, level=logging.INFO)
class Conn:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Pool:
def __init__(self, count:int):
self.count = count
self.pool = [ self._connect(‘conn-{}‘.format(x)) for x in range(self.count)]
self.semahore = threading.Semaphore(count)
def _connect(self, conn_name):
return Conn(conn_name)
def get_conn(self):
self.semahore.acquire()
conn = self.pool.pop()
return conn
def return_conn(self, conn:Conn):
self.pool.append(conn)
self.semahore.release()
pool = Pool(3)
def worker(pool:Pool):
conn = pool.get_conn()
logging.info(conn)
threading.Event().wait(random.randint(1,4))
pool.return_conn(conn)
for i in range(6):
threading.Thread(target=worker, name=‘worker-{}‘.format(i), args=(pool,)).start()
关于信号量release超出初始值范围的问题
当我们使用semaphore的时候,如果还未acquire,就release了,会产生什么问题?
会产生是的信号量的值+1,超出了原本设置semaphore的初始值,下面的例子说明了这个问题
import threading
import logging
FORMAT = ‘%(threadName)s %(thread)d %(message)s‘
logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT, level=logging.INFO)
sema = threading.Semaphore(3)
logging.warning(sema.__dict__)
for _ in range(3):
sema.acquire()
logging.warning(‘-----‘)
logging.warning(sema.__dict__)
for _ in range(4):
sema.release()
logging.warning(sema.__dict__)
for _ in range(3):
sema.acquire()
logging.warning(‘--------‘)
logging.warning(sema.__dict__)
sema.acquire()
logging.warning(‘======‘)
logging.warning(sema.__dict__)
所以这个这样的问题,可以使用BoundedSemaphore类来实现有界的信号量,若relase超出了初始值的范围,会抛出ValueError异常
以上是关于threading 之 semaphore信号量的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
41 windows_41_Thread_Semaphore 线程 - 信号