企业LAMP服务搭建

Posted 2021-02-09 itil

LAMP 架构在企业里用得非常广泛，目前很多电商公司、游戏公司、移动互联网公司大多都采用这种架构。LAMP指的是Linux、Apache、mysql、php。下面记录了 LAMP 架构系统服务的搭建过程。

一、MySQL数据库安装

1. 系统环境

CentOS 6.4 x86_64 Mini 版本安装

2. 基础软件包安装

 

1	[[email protected] ~]# yum install gcc vim make wget -y

3. 下载

 

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# 进入源码存放目录 [[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src # 下载MySQL安装包 [[email protected] src]# wget downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.5.40-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

4. 解压安装

 

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# 解压 [[email protected] src]# tar -zxf mysql-5.5.40-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz # 设置安装路径 [[email protected] src]# mv mysql-5.5.40-linux2.6-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

5. 建立MySQL用户

 

1	[[email protected] src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

6. 准备数据目录

 

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# 进入MySQL安装目录 [[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local/mysql # 创建MySQL数据目录 [[email protected] mysql]# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql # 设置目录权限 [[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

7. 初始化数据库

 

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[[email protected] mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql when specifying MySQL privileges ! Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK #看到2个OK说明初始化成功

8. 拷贝配置文件

 

1	[[email protected] mysql]# /bin/cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

9. 拷贝启动脚本

 

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# 拷贝启动脚本 [[email protected] mysql]# /bin/cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld # 赋予可执行权限 [[email protected] mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

10. 修改启动脚本

 

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[[email protected] mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld # 修改设置内容如下 basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/var/lib/mysql

11. 把MySQL添加到服务

 

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# 添加到service列表 [[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld # 设置开机启动 [[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on

12. 启动MySQL服务

 

1 2	[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!

13. 查看验证MySQL启动进程

 

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[[email protected] mysql]# ps -e | grep mysql  1830 pts/1  00:00:00 mysqld_safe  2121 pts/1  00:00:00 mysqld

14. 配置MySQL环境变量

将 MySQL 客户端命令路径加入 PATH 环境变量中去。

 

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# 设置PATH环境变量 [[email protected] mysql]# echo ‘export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin‘ > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh [[email protected] mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

15. 登录MySQL测试

 

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[[email protected] mysql]# mysql  # 默认没有密码 Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.5.40-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. ... ... mysql>

MySQL修改密码后的登陆命令：mysql -u root -p  Enter password: (输入密码) 

 

二、Apache服务安装

apache可以通过yum的方式来安装，也可以通过源码编译的方式来安装，这里采用编译源码的方式进行安装。

1. 系统环境

CentOS 6.4 x86_64 Mini 版本安装

2. 下载解压apache安装包

 

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[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local/src [[email protected] src]# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz [[email protected] src]# tar zxf httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz

3. 安装必要的库和工具

 

1	[[email protected] src]# yum install -y pcre pcre-devel apr apr-devel zlib-devel gcc make

4. 配置编译参数

 

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[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# cd httpd-2.2.31 [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-included-apr --enable-so --enable-deflate=shared --enable-expires=shared --enable-rewrite=shared --with-pcre [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# echo $?

5. 编译安装

 

1 2	[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# make && make install [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# echo $?

6. 配置apache环境变量

 

1 2	[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# echo ‘export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache2/bin‘ > /etc/profile.d/http.sh [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# source /etc/profile.d/http.sh

7. apache的启动和停止

 

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apachectl start  # 启动 apachectl stop   # 停止 apachectl restart # 重启 apachectl -t    # 检查语法 apachectl -M    # 查看加载模块

8. 将apache加入系统服务

 

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# 拷贝服务脚本 [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# cp /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# vim /etc/init.d/httpd  # 第一行下边添加2行内容 #!/bin/sh # chkconfig: 2345 61 61 # description: Apache # 添加到系统服务 并设置开机启动 [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# chkconfig --add httpd [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# chkconfig httpd on

9. 验证服务是否正常

 

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[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# service httpd start httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for vip  # 出现警告信息 httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

解决警告信息的方法：去掉 ServerName www.example.com:80 行的注释#。

 三、PHP系统安装

1. 下载解压安装包

 

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[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src [[email protected] src]# wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.5.38.tar.gz/from/this/mirror -O php-5.5.38.tar.gz [[email protected] src]# tar zxf php-5.5.38.tar.gz

2. 下载依赖库和工具

 

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[[email protected] src]# yum install -y epel-release [[email protected] src]# yum install -y libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libmcrypt-devel

3. 编译配置安装选项

 

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[[email protected] php-5.5.38]# cd php-5.5.38 [[email protected]p php-5.5.38]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif --disable-ipv6

4. 编译安装

 

1 2	[[email protected] php-5.5.38]# make && make install [[email protected] php-5.5.38]# echo $?

5. 拷贝php配置文件

 

1	[[email protected] php-5.5.38]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

6. 配置php环境变量

 

1 2	[[email protected] php-5.5.38]# echo ‘export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php/bin‘ > /etc/profile.d/php.sh [[email protected] php-5.5.38]# source /etc/profile.d/php.sh

到此为止，php完成基本的编译安装，后续解析php还得另外配置。

 四、配置支持php解析

1. 修改apache配置文件

 

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<Directory />   Options FollowSymLinks   AllowOverride None   Order deny,allow   Allow from all  # Deny修改为Allow </Directory>

2. 支持php脚本解析

 

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AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz AddType application/x-httpd-php .php  # 添加这1行

3. 添加php索引支持

 

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<IfModule dir_module>   DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php  # 添加php索引 </IfModule>

4. 测试配置语法和重启apache服务

 

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[[email protected] ~]# apachectl -t Syntax OK [[email protected] ~]# service httpd restart

5. 测试php解析

编写测试文件：/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/index.php

 

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<?php   echo "hello php!" ?>

命令行curl测试：

 

1 2	[[email protected] htdocs]# curl localhost/index.php hello php![[email protected] htdocs]#

解析 php 成功!