python 运维常用脚本

Posted 2023-03-16

参考技术A

Python 批量遍历目录文件,并修改访问时间

import os

path = "D:/UASM64/include/"
dirs = os.listdir(path)
temp=[];

for file in dirs:
temp.append(os.path.join(path, file))
for x in temp:
os.utime(x, (1577808000, 1577808000))
Python 实现的自动化服务器管理

import sys
import os
import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

def ssh_cmd(user,passwd,port,userfile,cmd):

def ssh_put(user,passwd,source,target):

while True:
try:
shell=str(input("[Shell] # "))
if (shell == ""):
continue
elif (shell == "exit"):
exit()
elif (shell == "put"):
ssh_put("root","123123","./a.py","/root/a.py")
elif (shell =="cron"):
temp=input("输入一个计划任务: ")
temp1="(crontab -l; echo "+ temp + ") |crontab"
ssh_cmd("root","123123","22","./user_ip.conf",temp1)
elif (shell == "uncron"):
temp=input("输入要删除的计划任务: ")
temp1="crontab -l | grep -v " "+ temp + "|crontab"
ssh_cmd("root","123123","22","./user_ip.conf",temp1)
else:
ssh_cmd("lyshark","123123","22","./user_ip.conf",shell)

遍历目录和文件

import os

def list_all_files(rootdir):
import os
_files = []
list = os.listdir(rootdir) #列出文件夹下所有的目录与文件
for i in range(0,len(list)):
path = os.path.join(rootdir,list[i])
if os.path.isdir(path):
_files.extend(list_all_files(path))
if os.path.isfile(path):
_files.append(path)
return _files

a=list_all_files("C:/Users/LyShark/Desktop/a")
print(a)
python检测指定端口状态

import socket

sk = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sk.settimeout(1)

for ip in range(0,254):
try:
sk.connect(("192.168.1."+str(ip),443))
print("192.168.1.%d server open \\n"%ip)
except Exception:
print("192.168.1.%d server not open"%ip)

sk.close()

python实现批量执行CMD命令

import sys
import os
import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

print("------------------------------>\\n")
print("使用说明,在当前目录创建ip.txt写入ip地址")
print("------------------------------>\\n")

user=input("输入用户名:")
passwd=input("输入密码:")
port=input("输入端口:")
cmd=input("输入执行的命令:")

file = open("./ip.txt", "r")
line = file.readlines()

for i in range(len(line)):
print("对IP: %s 执行"%line[i].strip(\'\\n\'))

python3-实现钉钉报警

import requests
import sys
import json

dingding_url = \' https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=6d11af3252812ea50410c2ccb861814a6ed11b2306606934a5d4ca9f2ec8c09\'

data = "msgtype": "markdown","markdown": "title": "监控","text": "apche异常"

headers = \'Content-Type\':\'application/json;charset=UTF-8\'

send_data = json.dumps(data).encode(\'utf-8\')
requests.post(url=dingding_url,data=send_data,headers=headers)

import psutil
import requests
import time
import os
import json

monitor_name = set([\'httpd\',\'cobblerd\']) # 用户指定监控的服务进程名称

proc_dict =
proc_name = set() # 系统检测的进程名称
monitor_map =
\'httpd\': \'systemctl restart httpd\',
\'cobblerd\': \'systemctl restart cobblerd\' # 系统在进程down掉后，自动重启

dingding_url = \' https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=b5258c4335ed8ab792075013c965efcbf4f8940f92e7bd936cdc7842d3bf9405\'

while True:
for proc in psutil.process_iter(attrs=[\'pid\',\'name\']):
proc_dict[proc.info[\'pid\']] = proc.info[\'name\']
proc_name.add(proc.info[\'name\'])

判断指定端口是否开放

import socket

port_number = [135,443,80]

for index in port_number:
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
result = sock.connect_ex((\'127.0.0.1\', index))
if result == 0:
print("Port %d is open" % index)
else:
print("Port %d is not open" % index)
sock.close()

判断指定端口并且实现钉钉轮询报警

import requests
import sys
import json
import socket
import time

def dingding(title,text):
dingding_url = \' https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=6d11af3252812ea50410c2ccb861814a69ed11b2306606934a5d4ca9f2c8c09\'
data = "msgtype": "markdown","markdown": "title": title,"text": text
headers = \'Content-Type\':\'application/json;charset=UTF-8\'
send_data = json.dumps(data).encode(\'utf-8\')
requests.post(url=dingding_url,data=send_data,headers=headers)

def net_scan():
port_number = [80,135,443]
for index in port_number:
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
result = sock.connect_ex((\'127.0.0.1\', index))
if result == 0:
print("Port %d is open" % index)
else:
return index
sock.close()

while True:
dingding("Warning",net_scan())
time.sleep(60)

python-实现SSH批量CMD执行命令

import sys
import os
import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

def ssh_cmd(user,passwd,port,userfile,cmd):
file = open(userfile, "r")
line = file.readlines()
for i in range(len(line)):
print("对IP: %s 执行"%line[i].strip(\'\\n\'))
ssh.connect(hostname=line[i].strip(\'\\n\'),port=port,username=user,password=passwd)
cmd=cmd
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
result = stdout.read()

ssh_cmd("lyshark","123","22","./ip.txt","free -h |grep \'Mem:\' |awk \'print $3\'")

用python写一个列举当前目录以及所有子目录下的文件，并打印出绝对路径

import sys
import os

for root,dirs,files in os.walk("C://"):
for name in files:
print(os.path.join(root,name))
os.walk()

按照这样的日期格式（xxxx-xx-xx）每日生成一个文件，例如今天生成的文件为2013-09-23.log， 并且把磁盘的使用情况写到到这个文件中。

import os
import sys
import time

new_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
disk_status = os.popen("df -h").readlines()

str1 = \'\'.join(disk_status)
f = open(new_time+\'.log\',\'w\')
f.write("%s"%str1)

f.flush()
f.close()

统计出每个IP的访问量有多少？（从日志文件中查找）

import sys

list = []

f = open("/var/log/httpd/access_log","r")
str1 = f.readlines()
f.close()

for i in str1:
ip=i.split()[0]
list.append(ip)

list_num=set(list)

for j in list_num:
num=list.count(j)
print("%s -----> %s" %(num,j))

写个程序，接受用户输入数字，并进行校验，非数字给出错误提示，然后重新等待用户输入。

import tab
import sys

while True:
try:
num=int(input("输入数字：").strip())
for x in range(2,num+1):
for y in range(2,x):
if x % y == 0:
break
else:
print(x)
except ValueError:
print("您输入的不是数字")
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit("\\n")

ps 可以查看进程的内存占用大小，写一个脚本计算一下所有进程所占用内存大小的和。

import sys
import os

list=[]
sum=0

str1=os.popen("ps aux","r").readlines()

for i in str1:
str2=i.split()
new_rss=str2[5]
list.append(new_rss)
for i in list[1:-1]:
num=int(i)
sum=sum+num

print("%s ---> %s"%(list[0],sum))

关于Python 命令行参数argv

import sys

if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print ("没有输入任何参数")
sys.exit()

if sys.argv[1].startswith("-"):
option = sys.argv[1][1:]

利用random生成6位数字加字母随机验证码

import sys
import random

rand=[]

for x in range(6):
y=random.randrange(0,5)
if y == 2 or y == 4:
num=random.randrange(0,9)
rand.append(str(num))
else:
temp=random.randrange(65,91)
c=chr(temp)
rand.append(c)
result="".join(rand)
print(result)

自动化-使用pexpect非交互登陆系统

import pexpect
import sys

ssh = pexpect.spawn(\'ssh lyshark@59.110.167.239\')
fout = file(\'sshlog.txt\', \'w\')
ssh.logfile = fout

ssh.expect("lyshark@59.110.167.239\'s password:")

ssh.sendline("密码")
ssh.expect(\'#\')

ssh.sendline(\'ls /home\')
ssh.expect(\'#\')

Python-取系统时间

import sys
import time

time_str = time.strftime("日期：%Y-%m-%d",time.localtime())
print(time_str)

time_str= time.strftime("时间：%H:%M",time.localtime())
print(time_str)

psutil-获取内存使用情况

import sys
import os
import psutil

memory_convent = 1024 * 1024
mem =psutil.virtual_memory()

print("内存容量为:"+str(mem.total/(memory_convent))+"MB\\n")
print("已使用内存:"+str(mem.used/(memory_convent))+"MB\\n")
print("可用内存:"+str(mem.total/(memory_convent)-mem.used/(1024*1024))+"MB\\n")
print("buffer容量:"+str(mem.buffers/( memory_convent ))+"MB\\n")
print("cache容量:"+str(mem.cached/(memory_convent))+"MB\\n")

Python-通过SNMP协议监控CPU
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*

import os

def getAllitems(host, oid):
sn1 = os.popen(\'snmpwalk -v 2c -c public \' + host + \' \' + oid + \'|grep Raw|grep Cpu|grep -v Kernel\').read().split(\'\\n\')[:-1]
return sn1

def getDate(host):
items = getAllitems(host, \'.1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.11\')

if name == \' main \':

Python-通过SNMP协议监控系统负载
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*

import os
import sys

def getAllitems(host, oid):
sn1 = os.popen(\'snmpwalk -v 2c -c public \' + host + \' \' + oid).read().split(\'\\n\')
return sn1

def getload(host,loid):
load_oids = \'1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10.1.3.\' + str(loid)
return getAllitems(host,load_oids)[0].split(\':\')[3]

if name == \' main \':

Python-通过SNMP协议监控内存
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*

import os

def getAllitems(host, oid):

def getSwapTotal(host):

def getSwapUsed(host):

def getMemTotal(host):

def getMemUsed(host):

if name == \' main \':

Python-通过SNMP协议监控磁盘
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*

import re
import os

def getAllitems(host,oid):

def getDate(source,newitem):

def getRealDate(item1,item2,listname):

def caculateDiskUsedRate(host):

if name == \' main \':

Python-通过SNMP协议监控网卡流量
注意：被监控的机器上需要支持snmp协议 yum install -y net-snmp*

import re
import os

def getAllitems(host,oid):
sn1 = os.popen(\'snmpwalk -v 2c -c public \' + host + \' \' + oid).read().split(\'\\n\')[:-1]
return sn1

def getDevices(host):
device_mib = getAllitems(host,\'RFC1213-MIB::ifDescr\')
device_list = []

def getDate(host,oid):
date_mib = getAllitems(host,oid)[1:]
date = []

if name == \' main \':

Python-实现多级菜单

import os
import sys

ps="[None]->"
ip=["192.168.1.1","192.168.1.2","192.168.1.3"]
flage=1

while True:
ps="[None]->"
temp=input(ps)
if (temp=="test"):
print("test page !!!!")
elif(temp=="user"):
while (flage == 1):
ps="[User]->"
temp1=input(ps)
if(temp1 =="exit"):
flage=0
break
elif(temp1=="show"):
for i in range(len(ip)):
print(i)

Python实现一个没用的东西

import sys

ps="[root@localhost]# "
ip=["192.168.1.1","192.168.1.2","192.168.1.3"]

while True:
temp=input(ps)
temp1=temp.split()

检查各个进程读写的磁盘IO

import sys
import os
import time
import signal
import re

class DiskIO:
def init (self, pname=None, pid=None, reads=0, writes=0):
self.pname = pname
self.pid = pid
self.reads = 0
self.writes = 0

def main():
argc = len(sys.argv)
if argc != 1:
print ("usage: please run this script like [./lyshark.py]")
sys.exit(0)
if os.getuid() != 0:
print ("Error: This script must be run as root")
sys.exit(0)
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
os.system(\'echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/block_dump\')
print ("TASK PID READ WRITE")
while True:
os.system(\'dmesg -c > /tmp/diskio.log\')
l = []
f = open(\'/tmp/diskio.log\', \'r\')
line = f.readline()
while line:
m = re.match(
\'^(\\S+)(\\d+)(\\d+): (READ|WRITE) block (\\d+) on (\\S+)\', line)
if m != None:
if not l:
l.append(DiskIO(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
line = f.readline()
continue
found = False
for item in l:
if item.pid == m.group(2):
found = True
if m.group(3) == "READ":
item.reads = item.reads + 1
elif m.group(3) == "WRITE":
item.writes = item.writes + 1
if not found:
l.append(DiskIO(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
line = f.readline()
time.sleep(1)
for item in l:
print ("%-10s %10s %10d %10d" %
(item.pname, item.pid, item.reads, item.writes))
def signal_handler(signal, frame):
os.system(\'echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/block_dump\')
sys.exit(0)

if name ==" main ":
main()

利用Pexpect实现自动非交互登陆linux

import pexpect
import sys

ssh = pexpect.spawn(\'ssh root@59.110.167.239\')
fout = file(\'sshlog.log\', \'w\')
ssh.logfile = fout

ssh.expect("root@59.110.167.239\'s password:")

ssh.sendline("密码")

ssh.expect(\'#\')
ssh.sendline(\'ls /home\')
ssh.expect(\'#\')

利用psutil模块获取系统的各种统计信息

import sys
import psutil
import time
import os

time_str = time.strftime( "%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime( ) )
file_name = "./" + time_str + ".log"

if os.path.exists ( file_name ) == False :
os.mknod( file_name )
handle = open ( file_name , "w" )
else :
handle = open ( file_name , "a" )

if len( sys.argv ) == 1 :
print_type = 1
else :
print_type = 2

def isset ( list_arr , name ) :
if name in list_arr :
return True
else :
return False

print_str = "";

if ( print_type == 1 ) or isset( sys.argv,"mem" ) :
memory_convent = 1024 * 1024
mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
print_str += " 内存状态如下:\\n"
print_str = print_str + " 系统的内存容量为: "+str( mem.total/( memory_convent ) ) + " MB\\n"
print_str = print_str + " 系统的内存以使用容量为: "+str( mem.used/( memory_convent ) ) + " MB\\n"
print_str = print_str + " 系统可用的内存容量为: "+str( mem.total/( memory_convent ) - mem.used/( 1024*1024 )) + "MB\\n"
print_str = print_str + " 内存的buffer容量为: "+str( mem.buffers/( memory_convent ) ) + " MB\\n"
print_str = print_str + " 内存的cache容量为:" +str( mem.cached/( memory_convent ) ) + " MB\\n"

if ( print_type == 1 ) or isset( sys.argv,"cpu" ) :
print_str += " CPU状态如下:\\n"
cpu_status = psutil.cpu_times()
print_str = print_str + " user = " + str( cpu_status.user ) + "\\n"
print_str = print_str + " nice = " + str( cpu_status.nice ) + "\\n"
print_str = print_str + " system = " + str( cpu_status.system ) + "\\n"
print_str = print_str + " idle = " + str ( cpu_status.idle ) + "\\n"
print_str = print_str + " iowait = " + str ( cpu_status.iowait ) + "\\n"
print_str = print_str + " irq = " + str( cpu_status.irq ) + "\\n"
print_str = print_str + " softirq = " + str ( cpu_status.softirq ) + "\\n"
print_str = print_str + " steal = " + str ( cpu_status.steal ) + "\\n"
print_str = print_str + " guest = " + str ( cpu_status.guest ) + "\\n"

if ( print_type == 1 ) or isset ( sys.argv,"disk" ) :
print_str += " 硬盘信息如下:\\n"
disk_status = psutil.disk_partitions()
for item in disk_status :
print_str = print_str + " "+ str( item ) + "\\n"

if ( print_type == 1 ) or isset ( sys.argv,"user" ) :
print_str += " 登录用户信息如下:\\n "
user_status = psutil.users()
for item in user_status :
print_str = print_str + " "+ str( item ) + "\\n"

print_str += "---------------------------------------------------------------\\n"
print ( print_str )
handle.write( print_str )
handle.close()

import psutil

mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
print mem.total,mem.used,mem
print psutil.swap_memory() # 输出获取SWAP分区信息

cpu = psutil.cpu_stats()
printcpu.interrupts,cpu.ctx_switches

psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True) # 输出每个核心的详细CPU信息
psutil.cpu_times().user # 获取CPU的单项数据 [用户态CPU的数据]
psutil.cpu_count() # 获取CPU逻辑核心数，默认logical=True
psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) # 获取CPU物理核心数

psutil.disk_partitions() # 列出全部的分区信息
psutil.disk_usage(\'/\') # 显示出指定的挂载点情况【字节为单位】
psutil.disk_io_counters() # 磁盘总的IO个数
psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=True) # 获取单个分区IO个数

psutil.net_io_counter() 获取网络总的IO，默认参数pernic=False
psutil.net_io_counter(pernic=Ture)获取网络各个网卡的IO

psutil.pids() # 列出所有进程的pid号
p = psutil.Process(2047)
p.name() 列出进程名称
p.exe() 列出进程bin路径
p.cwd() 列出进程工作目录的绝对路径
p.status()进程当前状态[sleep等状态]
p.create_time() 进程创建的时间 [时间戳格式]
p.uids()
p.gids()
p.cputimes() 【进程的CPU时间，包括用户态、内核态】
p.cpu_affinity() # 显示CPU亲缘关系
p.memory_percent() 进程内存利用率
p.meminfo() 进程的RSS、VMS信息
p.io_counters() 进程IO信息，包括读写IO数及字节数
p.connections() 返回打开进程socket的namedutples列表
p.num_threads() 进程打开的线程数

import psutil
from subprocess import PIPE
p =psutil.Popen(["/usr/bin/python" ,"-c","print \'helloworld\'"],stdout=PIPE)
p.name()
p.username()
p.communicate()
p.cpu_times()

psutil.users() # 显示当前登录的用户，和Linux的who命令差不多

psutil.boot_time() 结果是个UNIX时间戳，下面我们来转换它为标准时间格式，如下：
datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time()) # 得出的结果不是str格式，继续进行转换 datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time()).strftime(\'%Y-%m-%d%H:%M:%S\')

Python生成一个随机密码

import random, string
def GenPassword(length):

if name == \' main \':
print (GenPassword(6))