spring boot 实战 / mvn spring-boot:run 参数详解

Posted 2020-10-31

tags:

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概述

Spring boot项目通常情况下有如下几种启动方式：

通过主类启动。
通过spring-boot的maven插件spring-boot-maven-plugin方式启动。
通过可执行jar/war包方式启动。
通过Servlet容器启动，如Tomcat、Jetty等。

今天我们来聊一下spring boot的maven插件spring-boot-maven-plugin启动过程中的profiles问题。首先，我们前往网站SPRING INITIALIZR，参照下图创建一个名称为demo的spring boot项目。

技术分享图片

点击按钮"Generate Poject alt + Enter"，将得到一个名称为demo.zip的文件，解压该文件，将得到一个名为demo的目录。

我们接下来，将以这个demo项目为例展开讲解。

项目结构

为了演示我们后面的实验，我们对项目demo做一些调整，调整后的目录结构如下如示。

[email protected] ~/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo $ ll
total 40
drwxrwxr-x  4 lwk lwk 4096 Apr 18 01:11 ./
drwxrwxr-x 10 lwk lwk 4096 Apr 18 00:36 ../
-rw-rw-r--  1 lwk lwk  268 Apr 17 23:56 .gitignore
drwxrwxr-x  3 lwk lwk 4096 Apr 17 23:56 .mvn/
-rwxrwxr-x  1 lwk lwk 6468 Apr 17 23:56 mvnw*
-rw-rw-r--  1 lwk lwk 4994 Apr 17 23:56 mvnw.cmd
-rw-rw-r--  1 lwk lwk 1567 Apr 18 00:59 pom.xml
drwxrwxr-x  4 lwk lwk 4096 Apr 17 23:56 src/
[email protected] ~/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo $ tree
.
├── mvnw
├── mvnw.cmd
├── pom.xml
└── src
    ├── main
    │   ├── java
    │   │   └── com
    │   │       └── example
    │   │           └── demo
    │   │               └── DemoApplication.java
    │   └── resources
    │       ├── application-dev.yml
    │       ├── application-prod.yml
    │       ├── application-test.yml
    │       ├── application.yml
    │       ├── static
    │       └── templates
    └── test
        └── java
            └── com
                └── example
                    └── demo
                        └── DemoApplicationTests.java

14 directories, 9 files
[email protected] ~/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo $

这里简单说一下，我的电脑上安装的是Linux mint 18.3系统，所以在目录展示上可能与大家使用的Windows 7/8/10等风格上不一致，这个没有关系的，希望大家不要感觉到奇怪。

这里我们将环境粗略划分为开发环境(dev)、测试环境(test)、生产环境(prod)，主要是为了演示spring boot的spring-boot maven插件的profiles与spring boot中spring.profiles的用对应关系及相关用法。

接下来我们先简要浏览一下上述目录中的几个关键文件的内容。

pom.xml内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>${project.name}</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

项目启动主类DemoApplication.java内容如下：

package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

application.yml内容如下：

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

开发环境配置文件application-dev.yml内容如下：

server:
  port: 8080

生产环境配置文件application-prod.yml内容如下：

server:
  port: 9999

测试环境配置文件application-test.yml内容如下：

server:
  port: 7829

测试主类DemoApplicationTests.java内容如下：

package com.example.demo;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class DemoApplicationTests {

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }

}

启动参数

默认启动参数

结合上面的文件内容，我们可以看出，整个系统已经将开发环境设置为了默认开发环境，所以，默认启动参数是针对开发环境的。

[email protected] ~/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo $ mvn spring-boot:run
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building demo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ demo >>>
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.1:resources (default-resources) @ demo ---
[INFO] Using ‘UTF-8‘ encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 4 resources
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:compile (default-compile) @ demo ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/target/classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.1:testResources (default-testResources) @ demo ---
[INFO] Using ‘UTF-8‘ encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/src/test/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ demo ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/target/test-classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ demo <<<
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ demo ---
[INFO] Attaching agents: []
01:14:10.853 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.settings.DevToolsSettings - Included patterns for restart : []
01:14:10.859 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.settings.DevToolsSettings - Excluded patterns for restart : [/spring-boot-actuator/target/classes/, /spring-boot-devtools/target/classes/, /spring-boot/target/classes/, /spring-boot-starter-[\w-]+/, /spring-boot-autoconfigure/target/classes/, /spring-boot-starter/target/classes/]
01:14:10.859 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.ChangeableUrls - Matching URLs for reloading : [file:/home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/target/classes/]

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___‘_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | ‘_ | ‘_| | ‘_ \/ _` | \ \ \  \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  ‘  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.0.1.RELEASE)

2018-04-18 01:14:11.292  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : Starting DemoApplication on qwfys with PID 12906 (/home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/target/classes started by lwk in /home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo)
2018-04-18 01:14:11.292  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : The following profiles are active: dev
2018-04-18 01:14:11.350  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.web.ser[email protected]4e7f290c: startup date [Wed Apr 18 01:14:11 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-18 01:14:12.755  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2018-04-18 01:14:12.794  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2018-04-18 01:14:12.795  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.29
2018-04-18 01:14:12.805  INFO 12906 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib]
2018-04-18 01:14:12.873  INFO 12906 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2018-04-18 01:14:12.873  INFO 12906 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1528 ms
2018-04-18 01:14:13.001  INFO 12906 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Servlet dispatcherServlet mapped to [/]
2018-04-18 01:14:13.005  INFO 12906 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘characterEncodingFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:14:13.005  INFO 12906 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘hiddenHttpMethodFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:14:13.005  INFO 12906 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘httpPutFormContentFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:14:13.005  INFO 12906 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘requestContextFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:14:13.130  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-18 01:14:13.350  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.web.ser[email protected]4e7f290c: startup date [Wed Apr 18 01:14:11 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-18 01:14:13.433  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2018-04-18 01:14:13.434  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2018-04-18 01:14:13.459  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-18 01:14:13.460  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-18 01:14:13.631  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.d.a.OptionalLiveReloadServer       : LiveReload server is running on port 35729
2018-04-18 01:14:13.673  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2018-04-18 01:14:13.799  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ‘‘
2018-04-18 01:14:13.808  INFO 12906 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : Started DemoApplication in 2.932 seconds (JVM running for 3.428)

那么在如何命令行添加诸如test、prod之类的profiles参数呢，为此，我试了好久，后来终于在Spring Boot Maven Plugin找到了想要的答案，具体如下图所示。

技术分享图片

经过测试，发现完全满足要求，具体介绍如下：

测试环境启动参数

[email protected] ~/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo $ mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.profiles=test
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building demo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ demo >>>
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.1:resources (default-resources) @ demo ---
[INFO] Using ‘UTF-8‘ encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 4 resources
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:compile (default-compile) @ demo ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.1:testResources (default-testResources) @ demo ---
[INFO] Using ‘UTF-8‘ encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/src/test/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ demo ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ demo <<<
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ demo ---
[INFO] Attaching agents: []
01:47:28.228 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.settings.DevToolsSettings - Included patterns for restart : []
01:47:28.231 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.settings.DevToolsSettings - Excluded patterns for restart : [/spring-boot-actuator/target/classes/, /spring-boot-devtools/target/classes/, /spring-boot/target/classes/, /spring-boot-starter-[\w-]+/, /spring-boot-autoconfigure/target/classes/, /spring-boot-starter/target/classes/]
01:47:28.231 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.ChangeableUrls - Matching URLs for reloading : [file:/home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/target/classes/]

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___‘_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | ‘_ | ‘_| | ‘_ \/ _` | \ \ \  \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  ‘  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.0.1.RELEASE)

2018-04-18 01:47:28.547  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : Starting DemoApplication on qwfys with PID 14157 (/home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/target/classes started by lwk in /home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo)
2018-04-18 01:47:28.548  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : The following profiles are active: test
2018-04-18 01:47:28.590  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.web.ser[email protected]afeee95: startup date [Wed Apr 18 01:47:28 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-18 01:47:29.550  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 7829 (http)
2018-04-18 01:47:29.578  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2018-04-18 01:47:29.579  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.29
2018-04-18 01:47:29.590  INFO 14157 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib]
2018-04-18 01:47:29.644  INFO 14157 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2018-04-18 01:47:29.644  INFO 14157 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1059 ms
2018-04-18 01:47:29.741  INFO 14157 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Servlet dispatcherServlet mapped to [/]
2018-04-18 01:47:29.743  INFO 14157 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘characterEncodingFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:47:29.744  INFO 14157 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘hiddenHttpMethodFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:47:29.744  INFO 14157 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘httpPutFormContentFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:47:29.744  INFO 14157 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘requestContextFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:47:29.826  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-18 01:47:29.967  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.web.ser[email protected]afeee95: startup date [Wed Apr 18 01:47:28 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-18 01:47:30.029  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2018-04-18 01:47:30.030  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2018-04-18 01:47:30.046  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-18 01:47:30.046  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-18 01:47:30.163  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.d.a.OptionalLiveReloadServer       : LiveReload server is running on port 35729
2018-04-18 01:47:30.186  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2018-04-18 01:47:30.287  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 7829 (http) with context path ‘‘
2018-04-18 01:47:30.290  INFO 14157 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : Started DemoApplication in 2.047 seconds (JVM running for 2.401)

生产环境启动参数

[email protected] ~/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo $ mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.profiles=prod
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building demo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ demo >>>
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.1:resources (default-resources) @ demo ---
[INFO] Using ‘UTF-8‘ encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 4 resources
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:compile (default-compile) @ demo ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.1:testResources (default-testResources) @ demo ---
[INFO] Using ‘UTF-8‘ encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/src/test/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ demo ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ demo <<<
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ demo ---
[INFO] Attaching agents: []
01:48:08.788 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.settings.DevToolsSettings - Included patterns for restart : []
01:48:08.791 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.settings.DevToolsSettings - Excluded patterns for restart : [/spring-boot-actuator/target/classes/, /spring-boot-devtools/target/classes/, /spring-boot/target/classes/, /spring-boot-starter-[\w-]+/, /spring-boot-autoconfigure/target/classes/, /spring-boot-starter/target/classes/]
01:48:08.791 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.ChangeableUrls - Matching URLs for reloading : [file:/home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/target/classes/]

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___‘_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | ‘_ | ‘_| | ‘_ \/ _` | \ \ \  \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  ‘  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.0.1.RELEASE)

2018-04-18 01:48:09.112  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : Starting DemoApplication on qwfys with PID 14280 (/home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo/target/classes started by lwk in /home/lwk/Public/project/io/spring/sts/ws/demo)
2018-04-18 01:48:09.113  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : The following profiles are active: prod
2018-04-18 01:48:09.168  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.web.ser[email protected]35a08e90: startup date [Wed Apr 18 01:48:09 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-18 01:48:10.031  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 9999 (http)
2018-04-18 01:48:10.054  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.054  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.29
2018-04-18 01:48:10.063  INFO 14280 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.132  INFO 14280 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2018-04-18 01:48:10.132  INFO 14280 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 967 ms
2018-04-18 01:48:10.248  INFO 14280 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Servlet dispatcherServlet mapped to [/]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.251  INFO 14280 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘characterEncodingFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.251  INFO 14280 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘hiddenHttpMethodFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.251  INFO 14280 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘httpPutFormContentFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.252  INFO 14280 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: ‘requestContextFilter‘ to: [/*]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.349  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.496  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.web.ser[email protected]35a08e90: startup date [Wed Apr 18 01:48:09 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-18 01:48:10.564  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2018-04-18 01:48:10.565  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2018-04-18 01:48:10.593  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.594  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-18 01:48:10.741  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.d.a.OptionalLiveReloadServer       : LiveReload server is running on port 35729
2018-04-18 01:48:10.769  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2018-04-18 01:48:10.894  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 9999 (http) with context path ‘‘
2018-04-18 01:48:10.897  INFO 14280 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : Started DemoApplication in 2.097 seconds (JVM running for 2.377)

至此任务完成。

总结

从上面的实例我们可以看到，如果在项目中通过spring.profiles定义了多个环境：

application-xxx.yml

用maven插件spring-boot启动时，可以用

mvn spring-boot:run -Dspring-boot.run.profiles=xxx

来启动。

参考文献

Spring Boot Reference Guide

Spring Boot Maven Plugin

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