liunx之系统

Posted 2021-02-01 blackbrock

liunx

系统介绍

系统版本

系统信息
1 uname

[[email protected] ~]# uname --help  
  -a, --all                print all information, in the following order,  
                             except omit -p and -i if   unknown:  
  -s, --kernel-name        print the kernel name  
  -n, --nodename           print the network node hostname  
  -r, --kernel-release     print the kernel release  
  -v, --kernel-version     print the kernel version  
  -m, --machine            print the machine hardware name  
  -p, --processor          print the processor type or "unknown"  
  -i, --hardware-platform  print the hardware platform or "unknown"  
  -o, --operating-system   print the operating system  
  --help     display this help and exit  
  --version  output version information and exit  
1. uname -r 版本详细号  
    [[email protected] ~]# uname -r  
    3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64#详解3主版本号，10为副版本号 奇数为开发版本偶数为修订版本的
    0-862修改了862次
    el7 为redhat enterprise liunx7
    X86_64编译框架
2. uname -i 硬件平台
[[email protected] ~]# uname -i
x86_64 
3. 单词  
kernel：kernel英 [?k?:nl] 美 [?k?:rnl]n.核;核心;  
node英 [n??d] 美 [no?d]n.节点;（计算机网络的）节点;[医]结节;植物的节  
platform 英 [?pl?tf?:m] 美 [?pl?tf?:rm] n.平台;台;站台;纲领  
operating英 [‘?p?re?t??] 美 [?ɑp??ret??]adj.操作的;营运的;业务上的;外科手术的v.运转;操作( operate的现在分词);管理;做外科手术

1. 红帽的版本
   [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
   CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
   
2. 读取系统配置文件
   [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/version
   Linux version 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018

---

硬件信息
cpu版本信息
----------
lscpu
[[email protected] ~]# lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 1
On-line CPU(s) list: 0
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 1
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 61
Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-5200U CPU @ 2.20GHz
Stepping: 4
CPU MHz: 2194.980
BogoMIPS: 4389.96
Hypervisor vendor: VMware
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 3072K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch epb fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid rdseed adx smap xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts
查看cpu配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 61
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-5200U CPU @ 2.20GHz
stepping : 4
microcode : 0x21
cpu MHz : 2194.980
cache size : 3072 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 1
core id : 0
cpu cores : 1
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 20
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch epb fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid rdseed adx smap xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts
bogomips : 4389.96
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

系统运行流程

系统重启&关机
1 shutdown
单词
halt 英 [h?:lt] 美 [h?lt]n.暂停;停止，中止;
[[email protected] ~]# shutdown --help
-H --halt Halt the machine
-P --poweroff Power-off the machine
-r --reboot Reboot the machine
-h Equivalent to --poweroff, overridden by --halt
-k Don‘t halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings
--no-wall Don‘t send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot
-c Cancel a pending shutdown
[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -h now/0
[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -f 0 == reboot
系统运行过程
电源==》BOIS开机自检（cpu，内存，显卡）==》mbr主硬盘引导==》grup选择内核==》加载内核 Centos6 ==》
Centos7

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