被动语态 动词的过去分词

Posted 2021-01-30 dxqnet

1. 被动语态语法

英语的被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成，而被动语态的时态则通过动词be来体现，如一般现在时的被动语态为“am [is, are]+过去分词”构成，一般将来时的被动语态为“will be+过去分词”构成，现在完成时的被动语态为“have [has] been+过去分词”构成，等等。由此可知，学好不同时态的被动语态，主要应注意两点：第一，它是被动语态（be+过去分词）；第二，它是哪种时态（要注意不同时态的构成方法）。所以解答不同时态的被动语态考题通常只需两招：

第一招：判断句子主语与谓语之间是否有被动关系。

第二招，分析句子谓语该用哪种时态（主要从句子语境和时态呼应等方面分析）。

例1  In case of bad weather, the wedding _______ indoors.

A. holds                B. will hold            C. is held               D. will be held

第一招：确定语态。由于wedding（婚礼）与hold（举行）之间为被动关系，故要用被动语态，故可排除A和B。

第二招：确定时态。根据In case of bad weather（万一天气不好）可知，句子谈论的是将来的情况，故要用将来时态，即选D。

句意为：万一下雨，婚礼将在室内举行。

例2  No decision will be made about any future appointment until all the candidates _______.

A. will interview   B. will be interviewed    C. have interviewed   D. have been interviewed

第一招：确定语态。由于candidates（候选人）与interview（面试）之间为被动关系，故要用被动语态，可排除A和C。

第二招：确定时态。因为until引导的是时间状语从句，不能使用将来时态，但可用一般现在时表示将来或用现在完成时，故可排除B，即答案为D。

句意为：直到对所有的候选人都进行了面试才能决定进一步的委任。

例3  After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it _______.

A. was decorated  B. had decorated C. had been decorating  D. was being decorated

第一招：确定语态。由于it（指阅览室）与decorate（装修）之间为被动关系，故要用被动语态，可排除两个主动语态选项B和C。

第二招：确定时态。根据英语语法，only后接不定式表示结果时，通常是表示一种出人意料的结果。在本题中，“放学后去阅览室”本来是希望能顺利地进阅览室看书，但only to be told…却暗示一种意想不到的结果，显然是指阅览室正在被装修，不能进入看书，故选D。

句意为：放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果却被告知阅览室正在装修。

例4  —Have you heard about that fire in the market?

— Yes, fortunately no one _______.

A. hurt                  B. was hurt          C. has hurt           D. had been hurt

第一招：确定语态。因 no one 与 hurt 之间为被动关系，汉语说“没有受伤”，其中的“受”就是“被”的意思，即“没人被伤害到”，故答案应从被动语态中找，可排除A和C。

第二招：确定时态。再根据对话的意思可知，这里谈论的是过去发生的动作，而非过去的过去，故应用一般过去时，而不用过去完成时，即答案选 B。

句意为：“你听说过市场里的那场火灾吗？”“听说过，幸运的是没有人受伤。”

 2.动词过去分词变换规则

  规则变化：
1、一般在词尾加ed ，如 open - opened
2、以不发音字母e结尾，只加d ，如 close- closed
3、以辅音字母加y 结尾的词，改y为i再加ed，如 carry- carried
4、以重读闭音节结尾且只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母再加ed，如 stop - stopped  

不规则变化：

详细列表

Infinitive不定式	Past Tense 过去式	Past Participle 过去分词	意思
abide	abode,abided	abode,abided	持续；忍受；停留
alight	alighted,alit	alighted,alit	烧着的；点亮着的
arise	arose	arisen	出现；上升；起立
awake	awoke,awaked	awoken,awoke,awaked	唤醒；使觉醒；激起，唤起
be	were was	been	是； 有，存在； 做，成为； 发生
bear	bore	borne,born	忍受；承受；具有；支撑
beat	beat	beaten	拍子；敲击；有规律的一连串敲打
become	became	become	成为；变得；变成
befall	befell	befallen	降临；发生
beget	begot	begotten,begot	产生；招致；引起；当…的父亲
begin	began	begun	开始；首先
behold	beheld	beheld	看；注视；把...视为
bend	bent	bent	使弯曲；使屈服；使致力；使朝向
bereave	bereaved,bereft	bereaved,bereft	使……失去；使……孤寂
beseech	besought,beseeched	besought,beseeched	vt. 恳求，哀求；乞求，急切地要求得到
beset	beset	beset	困扰；镶嵌；围绕
bespeak	bespoke	bespoken,bespoke	表示；预约；证明；预示；显示
bespread	bespread	bespread	铺满；铺盖；广铺
bestrew	bestrewed	bestrewed,bestrewn	布满；散布
bestride	bestrode	bestridden,bestrid,bestrode	跨骑
bet	bet,betted	bet,betted	打赌，赌注；被打赌的事物
betake	betook	betaken	使致力于；专心于；使前往
bethink	bethought	bethought	想起，忆起；使……思考；使……考虑
bid	bade,bid	bidden,bid	出价；叫牌；努力争取
bide	bode,bided	bided	等待；面临；禁得起
bind	bound	bound	.捆绑；困境；讨厌的事情；植物的藤蔓
bite	bit	bitten,bit	咬；一口；咬伤；刺痛
bleed	bled	bled	使出血；榨取/流血；渗出；悲痛
blend	blended,blent	blended,blent	混合；掺合物
bless	blessed,blest	blessed,blest	祝福；保佑；赞美
blow	blew	blown	吹；打击；殴打
break	broke	broken	打破；折断；弄坏；削弱
breed	bred	bred	繁殖；饲养；养育，教育；引起
bring	brought	brought	带来；促使；引起；某人处于某种情况或境地
broadcast	broadcast,broadcasted	broadcast,broadcasted	播送，播放；（无线电或电视）广播；播撒（种子
browbeat	browbeat	browbeaten	恫吓，吓唬；欺侮
build	built	built	建筑；建造
burn	burnt,burned	burnt,burned	燃烧；烧毁，灼伤；激起…的愤怒
burst	burst	burst	爆发，突发；爆炸
buy	bought	bought	购买；获得；贿赂
can	could	-	能； 能够； 可以； 可能
cast	cast	cast	投，抛；计算；浇铸；投射（光、影、视线等
catch	caught	caught	赶上；抓住；感染；了解
chide	chid,chided	chid,chidden,chided	责骂；斥责
choose	chose	chosen	选择，决定
cleave	cleaved,cleft,clove	cleaved,cleft	砍开；使分开；打通
cleave	clave	cloven	裂开；披荆斩棘地前进；粘住；坚持
cling	clung	clung	坚持，墨守；紧贴；附着
clothe	clothed,clad	clothed,clad	给…穿衣；覆盖；赋予
come	came	come	来；开始；出现；发生；变成；到达
cost	cost	cost	花费；使付出；使花许多钱
creep	crept	crept	爬行；蔓延；慢慢地移动；起鸡皮疙瘩
crow	crowed,crew	crowed	啼叫；报晓
cut	cut	cut	[机] 切割；削减；缩短；刺痛
dare	dared,durst	dared	敢；胆敢
deal	dealt	dealt	处理；给予；分配；发牌
die	died	died	死亡；凋零；熄灭
dig	dug	dug	挖，掘；探究
dispread	dispread	dispread	向四方张开；展开
do	did	done	做；工作；有用（does是do的第三人称单数形式）
draw	drew	drawn	拉；拖
dream	dreamed,dreamt	dreamed,dreamt	梦想；做梦；想到
drink	drank	drunk	喝，饮；吸收；举杯庆贺
drive	drove	driven	vt. 推动，发动（机器等）；驾驶（马车，汽车等）；驱赶
dwell	dwelt,dwelled	dwelt,dwelled	居住；存在于；细想某事
eat	ate	eaten	吃，喝；腐蚀；烦扰
fall	fell	fallen	落下；变成；来临；减弱
feed	fed	fed	喂养；供给；放牧；抚养（家庭等）；靠…为生
feel	felt	felt	觉得；摸索
fight	fought	fought	打架；与…打仗，与…斗争；反对…提案
find	found	found	查找，找到；发现；认为；感到；获得
flee	fled	fled	逃走；消失，消散
fling	flung	flung	掷，抛；嘲笑；使陷入；轻蔑地投射；猛动
fly	flew	flown	飞；驾驶飞机；飘扬
flee	fled	fled	逃走（flee的过去分词）；消逝
fly	flied	flied	为fly的过去式及过去分词；打出高飞球
forbear	forbore	forborne	忍耐；克制
forbid	forbade,forbad	forbidden	禁止；不准；不允许；〈正式〉严禁
forecast	forecast,forecasted	forecast,forecasted	预报，预测；预示
fordo	fordid	fordone	毁灭；杀死（等于foredo）
forego	forewent	foregone	放弃；居先；在……之前
foreknow	foreknew	foreknown	预见；预知；先知
forerun	foreran	forerun	预示；预告；走在…之前
foresee	foresaw	foreseen	预见；预知
foreshow	foreshowed	foreshown	预示
foretell	foretold	foretold	预言；预示；预告
forget	forgot	forgotten,forgot	. 忘记；忽略
forgive	forgave	forgiven	原谅；免除（债务、义务等）
forsake	forsook	forsaken	放弃；断念
forswear	forswore	forsworn	发誓抛弃
freeze	froze	frozen	使…冻住；使…结冰
gainsay	gainsaid	gainsaid	反驳；否定
get	got	got,gotten	使得；获得；受到；变成
gild	gilded,gilt	gilded	镀金；虚饰；供给钱
gird	girded,girt	girded,girt	束缚；佩带；做准备
give	gave	given	给；产生；让步；举办；授予
go	went	gone	去；进行；尝试
grave	graved	graven,graved	雕刻；铭记
grind	ground	ground	磨碎；磨快
grow	grew	grown	使生长；种植；扩展
hamstring	hamstringed,hamstrung	hamstringed,hamstrung	切断腿筋使成跛腿；使残废
hang	hung	hung	悬着，垂下；悬而不决
hang	hanged	hanged	绞死
have	had	had	有；让；拿；从事；允许
hear	heard	heard	听到，听；听说；审理
heave	heaved,hove	heaved,hove	举起；使起伏；投掷；恶心；发出（叹息等）
hew	hewed	hewed,hewn	劈；砍倒
hide	hid	hidden,hid	隐藏；隐瞒；鞭打
hit	hit	hit	打击；袭击；碰撞；偶然发现；伤…的感情
hold	held	held	持有；拥有；保存；拘留；约束或控制
hurt	hurt	hurt	使受伤；损害；使疼痛；使痛心
inlay	inlaid	inlaid	把…嵌入，把…镶入
keep	kept	kept	保持；经营；遵守；饲养
kneel	knelt,kneeled	knelt,kneeled	跪下，跪
knit	knitted,knit	knitted,knit	编织；结合
know	knew	known	知道；认识；懂得
lade	laded	laded,laden	装载；装（船）
lay	laid	laid	躺下；产卵；搁放；放置；铺放；涂，敷
lead	led	led	领导；致使；引导；指挥
lean	leaned,leant	leaned,leant	使倾斜
leap	leapt,leaped	leapt,leaped	跳跃，跳过；使跃过
learn	learnt,learned	learnt,learned	学习；得知；认识到
leave	left	left	离开；留下；遗忘；委托
lend	lent	lent	贷；增添，提供；把……借给
let	let	let	允许，让；出租；假设；妨碍
lie	lay	lain	躺下；产卵；搁放；放置；铺放；涂，敷
lie	lied	lied	谎骗
light	lit	lit	照亮；点燃；着火
light	lighted	lighted	照亮；点燃；着火
lose	lost	lost	浪费；使沉溺于；使迷路；遗失；错过
make	made	made	使得；进行；布置，准备，整理；制造；认为；获得；形成；安排；引起；构成
may	might	might	可以，能够；可能，也许；祝，愿；会，能
mean	meant	meant	意味；想要；意欲
meet	met	met	满足；遇见；对付
melt	melted	melted,melten	使融化；使熔化；使软化；使感动
misdeal	misdealt	misdealt	misdeal
misgive	misgave	misgiven	使怀疑；使担心
mislay	mislaid	mislaid	放错；遗失
mislead	misled	misled	误导；带错
mistake	mistook	mistaken	弄错；误解
misunderstand	misunderstood	misunderstood	误解；误会
mow	mowed	mowed,mown	割草；收割庄稼
must	must	must	必须，一定；可以，应当；很可能
ought	ought	ought	应该，应当；大概
outbid	outbade,outbid	outbidden,outbid	在开价上战胜；出价高于
outbreed	outbred	outbred	使远系繁殖
outdo	outdid	outdone	超过；胜过
outeat	outate	outeaten	吃得比…多
outfight	outfought	outfought	打败；战胜
outgo	outwent	outgone	支出；超过
outgrow	outgrew	outgrown	过大而不适于；出生；长大成熟而不再
outlay	outlaid	outlaid	花费
outride	outrode	outridden	较…骑得更好；安然度过风暴
outrun	outran	outrun	超过；跑得比…快；从…逃脱
outsell	outsold	outsold	卖得比…多
outshine	outshone	outshone	使相形见绌；胜过；比…更亮
outshoot	outshot	outshot	发射；冲出
outsit	outsat	outsat	比…坐得更久；坐得超过…时间限度
outspend	outspent	outspent	开支比…更大
outspread	outspread	outspread	使扩张；使展开；使伸展
outthrow	outthrew	outthrown	扔出；抛出
outthrust	outthrust	outthrust	使突出；使冲出
outwear	outwore	outworn	穿破，穿坏；比…经久耐用；用旧；使筋疲力尽
overbear	overbore	overborne	压服；克服
overbid	overbid	overbidden,overbid	报谎价；出价较…为高
overblow	overblew	overblown	吹散，吹落；夸张，过分渲染
overbuild	overbuilt	overbuilt	建造过多；建造在...上面
overbuy	overbought	overbought	过度购买；过多地买
overcast	overcast	overcast	使沮丧；包缝；遮蔽
overcome	overcame	overcome	克服；胜过
overdo	overdid	overdone	把…做得过分；使过于疲劳；对…表演过火；夸张
overdraw	overdrew	overdrawn	透支；拉过度；夸张
overdrive	overdrove	overdriven	驱使过度；虐待；工作过度
overeat	overate	overeaten	使吃过量 [第三人称单数 overeats 过去式 overate 过去分词 overeaten 现在分词 overeating]
overfeed	overfed	overfed	给…喂得太多
overfly	overflew	overflown	飞越
overgrow	overgrew	overgrown	长满于；长得超过
overhang	overhung	overhung	悬于…之上；（危险、邪恶等）逼近
overhear	overheard	overheard	无意中听到；偷听
overlade	overladed	overladed,overladen	使超载，使装载过多；使负载过重；使负担过重
overlay	overlaid	overlaid	在表面上铺一薄层，镀
overleap	overleapt,overleaped	overleapt,overleaped	越过；跳过；忽略
overlie	overlay	overlain	. 躺在…上面；覆在…上面；压在（婴儿、幼仔）身上使之窒息而死
overpay	overpaid	overpaid	多付；多给报酬
override	overrode	overridden	推翻；不顾；践踏
overrun	overran	overrun	泛滥；超过；蹂躏
oversee	oversaw	overseen	监督；审查；俯瞰；偷看到，无意中看到
oversell	oversold	oversold	销售过多
overset	overset	overset	. 打翻；推翻；颠覆；为…排版过密
oversew	oversewed	oversewed,oversewn	缝合；锁边
overshoot	overshot	overshot	超越；打过头；把…做过头
oversleep	overslept	overslept	使睡过头
overspend	overspent	overspent	超支；过度使用；花费过多
overspread	overspread	overspread	蔓延；铺满
overtake	overtook	overtaken	赶上；压倒；突然来袭
overthrow	overthrew	overthrown	推翻；打倒；倾覆
overwind	overwound	overwound	旋得太紧
overwrite	overwrote	overwritten	重写；写得过多；重叠写在…上面
partake	partook	partaken	分担；分享
pay	paid	paid	支付，付；偿还，补偿；给予
precast	precast	precast	预制；预浇制
prechoose	prechose	prechosen	预选，预先选择：
prove	proved	proved,proven	证明；检验；显示
put	put	put	表达；移动；安置；赋予
quit	quitted,quit	quitted,quit	离开；放弃；停止；使…解除
read	read	read	阅读；读懂，理解
reave	reaved,reft	reaved,reft	抢走，劫掠；剥夺
rebuild	rebuilt	rebuilt	重建；改造，重新组装；复原
recast	recast	recast	重铸；彻底改动
reeve	rove,reeved	rove,reeved	把绳索穿过
relay	relaid	relaid	转播；使接替；分程传递
rend	rent	rent	撕碎；分裂；强夺
repay	repaid	repaid	回报；报复；付还
reset	reset	reset	重置；重新设定；重新组合
retell	retold	retold	复述；再讲；重述
rid	rid,ridded	rid,ridded	使摆脱；使去掉
ride	rode	ridden	骑；乘；控制；（骑马、自行车等）穿越；搭乘；飘浮
ring	rang	rung	按铃；包围；敲钟；套住
rise	rose	risen	使…飞起；使…浮上水面
rive	riven	riven,rived	猛地劈开[撕开];
run	ran	run	管理，经营；运行；参赛
saw	sawed	sawn,sawed	看见；明白，了解；锯；锯成；锯
say	said	said	讲；说明；例如；声称；假设；指明
see	saw	seen	. 看见；理解；领会
seek	sought	sought	寻求；寻找；探索；搜索
sell	sold	sold	销售；推销；出卖；欺骗
send	sent	sent	发送，寄；派遣；使进入；发射
set	set	set	树立；点燃；点缀；
sew	sewed	sewn,sewed	缝合，缝上；缝纫
shake	shook	shaken	动摇；摇动；震动；握手
shall	should	-	应；会；将；必须
shave	shaved	shaved,shaven	剃，削去；修剪；切成薄片；掠
shear	sheared	shorn,sheared	剪；修剪；剥夺
shed	shed	shed	流出；摆脱；散发；倾吐
shine	shone,shined	shone,shined	照射，擦亮；把…的光投向；（口）通过擦拭使…变得有光泽或光
shoe	shod,shoed	shod,shoed	给……穿上鞋；穿……鞋
shoot	shot	shot	射击，射中；拍摄；发芽；使爆炸；给…注射
show	showed	shown,showed	显示；说明；演出；展出
shred	shredded,shred	shredded,shred	切成条状；用碎纸机撕毁
shrink	shrank,shrunk	shrunk,shrunken	使缩小，使收缩
shrive	shrove,shrived	shriven,shrived	听忏悔后赦免
shut	shut	shut	关闭；停业；幽禁
sing	sang,sung	sung	唱；用诗赞颂；唱着使
sink	sank,sunk	sunk,sunken	使下沉；挖掘；使低落
sit	sat	sat	使就座
slay	slew	slain	杀害，杀死；使禁不住大笑
sleep	slept	slept	睡，睡觉
slide	slid	slid,slidden	滑动；使滑动；悄悄地迅速放置
sling	slung	slung	用投石器投掷；吊起
slink	slunk	slunk	早产；潜逃
slit	slit	slit	撕裂；使有狭缝
smell	smelt,smelled	smelt,smelled	嗅，闻；察觉到；发出…的气味
smite	smote	smitten,smote	打；重击；毁灭；侵袭；使神魂颠倒
sow	sowed	sown,sowed	播种；散布；使密布
speak	spoke	spoken	讲话；发言；讲演
speed	sped,speeded	sped,speeded	加快…的速度；使成功，使繁荣
spell	spelt,spelled	spelt,spelled	拼，拼写；意味着；招致；拼成；迷住；轮值
spend	spent	spent	度过，消磨（时光）；花费；浪费；用尽
spill	spilt,spilled	spilt,spilled	使溢出，使流出；使摔下
spin	spun	spun	使旋转；纺纱；编造；结网
spit	spat,spit	spat,spit	吐，吐出；发出；发射
split	split	split	分离；使分离；劈开；离开；分解
spoil	spoilt,spoiled	spoilt,spoiled	溺爱；糟蹋；破坏；掠夺
spread	spread	spread	传播，散布；展开；伸展；铺开
spring	sprang,sprung	sprung	使跳起；使爆炸；突然提出；使弹开
stand	stood	stood	使站立；忍受；抵抗
stave	staved,stove	staved,stove	延缓；击穿；凿孔于；压扁
steal	stole	stolen	剽窃；偷偷地做；偷窃
stick	stuck	stuck	刺，戳；伸出；粘贴
sting	stung	stung	刺；驱使；使…苦恼；使…疼痛
stink	stank,stunk	stunk	使发出臭气；用臭味驱赶
strew	strewed	strewn,strewed	散播；撒满
stride	strode	stridden,strid	跨过；大踏步走过；跨坐在…
strike	struck	struck,stricken	打，击；罢工；撞击，冲击；侵袭；打动；到达
string	strung	strung	线，弦，细绳；一串，一行
strive	strove,strived	striven,strived	努力；奋斗；抗争
swear	swore	sworn	发誓；咒骂
sweat	sweat,sweated	sweat,sweated	使出汗；流出；使干苦活；剥削；藉出汗减轻；焦急地期待
sweep	swept	swept	扫除；猛拉；掸去
swell	swelled	swollen,swelled	使膨胀；使隆起
swim	swam	swum	游过；使浮起
swing	swung	swung	使旋转；挥舞；悬挂
take	took	taken	拿，取；采取；接受（礼物等）；买，花费；耗费（时间等
teach	taught	taught	教；教授；教导
tear	tore	torn	撕掉, 扯下, 扰乱
tell	told	told	告诉，说；辨别；吩咐；断定
think	thought	thought	想；认为；想起；想像；打算
thrive	throve,thrived	thriven,thrived	繁荣，兴旺；茁壮成长
throw	threw	thrown	投；抛；掷
thrust	thrust	thrust	插；插入；推挤
tread	trod	trodden,trod	踏；踩；践踏；跳；踩出
unbend	unbent	unbent	弄直；使松弛；卸下
unbind	unbound	unbound	解开；解放
unbuild	unbuilt	unbuilt	拆毁；摧毁；消磁
underbid	underbid	underbidden,underbid	出价低于…；出较低的价钱
underbuy	underbought	underbought	购货不足，买得比定价便宜
undercut	undercut	undercut	廉价出售；较便宜的工资工作；从下边削球
underdo	underdid	underdone	不尽全力做；使煮得嫩
underfeed	underfed	underfed	未喂饱；不充分供料
undergo	underwent	undergone	经历，经受；忍受
underlay	underlaid	underlaid	垫起；从下面支撑
underlet	underlet	underlet	分租；转租；廉价出租
underlie	underlay	underlain	成为……的基础；位于……之下
underpay	underpaid	underpaid	少付…工资；付给…不足额的工资
underrun	underran	underrun	从下面通过；交互边拉边检查
undersell	undersold	undersold	以低于…的价格出售（undersell过去式和过去分词）
underset	underset	underset	放在…下面；支撑
undershoot	undershot	undershot	脱靶；未达到目标；飞机未抵达跑道即著陆
understand	understood	understood	理解；懂；获悉；推断；省略
undertake	undertook	undertaken	承担，保证；从事；同意；试图
underwrite	underwrote	underwritten	给...保险；承诺支付；签在...下
undo	undid	undone	取消；解开；破坏；扰乱
undraw	undrew	undrawn	拉开，扯开
unfreeze	unfroze	unfrozen	解冻；解除对…的控制；融化
ungird	ungirded,ungirt	ungirded,ungirt	松带；解带
unhang	unhung	unhung	从……取下悬挂物
unknit	unknitted,unknit	unknitted,unknit	解开；平整；拆开
unlade	unladed	unladed,unladen	卸下
unlay	unlaid	unlaid	拆开
unlearn	unlearnt,unlearned	unlearnt,unlearned	忘却；抛掉以前的想法；去掉…的弊习
unmake	unmade	unmade	使恢复原状；使消失；撤回；毁灭；改变
unreeve	unrove,unreeved	unrove,unreeved	从孔中拉回（绳索）将绳索退出（滑轮等
unsay	unsaid	unsaid	撤回，收回；取消
unset	unset	unset	使……移动；扰乱；[计] 复原
unsling	unslung	unslung	自吊索上放下；由悬挂处取下；取去吊索
unspeak	unspoke	unspoken	取消前言；撤回，取消
unstick	unstuck	unstuck	分开；扯开
unstring	unstrung	unstrung	解开；使衰弱；把弦解下
unswear	unswore	unsworn	毁弃誓言
unteach	untaught	untaught	使忘却；教相反的事物；证明…的虚伪
unthink	unthought	unthought	不想；置…于脑后
untread	untrod	untrodden,untrod	折回；退回
unweave	unwove	unwoven	解开；拆开
unwind	unwound	unwound	放松；解开；[计] 展开
upbuild	upbuilt	upbuilt	放松；解开；[计] 展开
upcast	upcast	upcast	向上投掷之物；上抛；排气竖坑
uphold	upheld	upheld	支撑；鼓励；赞成；举起
uppercut	uppercut	uppercut	用上钩拳击
uprise	uprose	uprisen	起义；上升；起床
upset	upset	upset	使心烦；颠覆；扰乱
upsweep	upswept	upswept	向上弯曲；活泼化；拢上去的头发
upswing	upswung	upswung	提高；回升；向上摆动
wake	waked,woke	waked,woken,woke	叫醒；激发
waylay	waylaid	waylaid	. 伏击；埋伏
wear	wore	worn	穿着；用旧；耗损；面露
weave	wove	woven	编织；编排；使迂回前进
wed	wedded,wed	wedded,wed	与...结婚；娶；嫁
weep	wept	wept	哭泣；流泪；悲叹；流出或渗出液体
weigh	weighed	weighed	权衡；考虑；称…重量
wet	wetted,wet	wetted,wet	弄湿
will	would	-	决心要；遗赠；用意志力使
win	won	won	赢得；在…中获胜；劝诱
wind	winded,wound	winded,wound	缠绕；上发条；使弯曲；吹号角；绕住或缠住某人
wit	wist	wist	智慧；才智；智力
withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	撤退；收回；撤消；拉开
withhold	withheld	withheld	保留，不给；隐瞒；抑制
withstand	withstood	withstood	抵挡；禁得起；反抗
work	worked	worked	使工作；操作；经营；使缓慢前进
work	wrought	wrought	使工作；操作；经营；使缓慢前进
wring	wrung	wrung	拧；绞；紧握；使痛苦；折磨
write	wrote	written	写，书写；写信给；著述

⒈ A---A---A型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形）

动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词

cost cost cost 花费[ ]

cut cut cut 割，切[ ]

hit hit hit 打[ ]

let let let 让[ ]

put put put 放下[ ]

read read read 读[ ](读音是ABB型)

hurt hurt hurt 伤[ ]

⒉ A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）

beat beat beaten 打[ ] [ ] [ ]