Flask中的蓝图(BluePrint)

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蓝图

1.初识Flask蓝图(BluePrint)

创建一个项目然后将目录结构做成:

技术分享图片

user.py中的内容

from flask import Blueprint, render_template  # 导入Flask中的蓝图BluePrint模块

# 实例化一个蓝图对象 users_blue = Blueprint(‘users‘, __name__, template_folder=‘user_temp‘, url_prefix=‘/user‘)

# 这里添加路由和视图函数的时候与在Flask对象中添加是一样的
@users_blue.route(‘/user_add‘)  # /user/user_add
def user_add():
    return render_template(‘user_add.html‘)  # 会优先从外面找,如果外层有同名的html就展示的是外层的  

app_blue.py中的内容

from flask import Flask, render_template, request, session, redirect
import setting
from serv import users  # 导入写好的蓝图模块

app = Flask(__name__, template_folder=‘temp‘, static_folder=‘jingtaiwenjianmulu‘, static_url_path=‘/static‘)
app.config.from_object(setting.Debug)
# 在Flask对象中注册蓝图模块中的蓝图对象 users中的user_blue app.register_blueprint(users.users_blue) @app.route(‘/detail‘, endpoint=‘detail‘) def detail(): return render_template(‘detail.html‘) @app.route(‘/login‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘], strict_slashes=False) def login(): if request.method == ‘GET‘: return render_template(‘login.html‘) else: session[‘user‘] = request.form.get(‘username‘) return redirect(‘/‘) if __name__ == ‘__main__‘: app.run(debug=True)  

巨坑:

  蓝图内部的视图函数及route不要出现重复。

3.使用蓝图,做一个增删改查用户

要有一个文件存放我们的原始数据

student_data.py文件中的内容:

STUDENT = [
    {‘id‘: 1, ‘name‘: ‘w‘, ‘age‘: 22, ‘gender‘: ‘中‘},
    {‘id‘: 2, ‘name‘: ‘j‘, ‘age‘: 23, ‘gender‘: ‘男‘},
    {‘id‘: 3, ‘name‘: ‘s‘, ‘age‘: 24, ‘gender‘: ‘女‘},
]

  然后我们根据以上内容进行增删改查

3.1使用蓝图进行web应用搭建:

技术分享图片

__init__.py文件中的内容:

from flask import Flask


def create_app():
    app = Flask(__name__)
    
    return app

这个文件我们会修改函数create_app中的代码

student_manager.py文件中的内容:

from student import create_app


flask_app = create_app()

flask_app.run(‘0.0.0.0‘, 5000) 

通过这种方式启动Flask程序

3.2 使用蓝图查看学生信息

技术分享图片

stu_list.html文件的内容:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <title>学生列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/stu_add">添加学生</a>
<table border="3px">
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>ID</th>
        <th>name</th>
        <th>age</th>
        <th>gender</th>
        <th>options</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    {% for stu in student %}
        <tr>
        <td>{{ stu.id }}</td>
        <td>{{ stu.name }}</td>
        <td>{{ stu.age }}</td>
        <td>{{ stu.gender }}</td>
        <td><a href="/stu_update/{{ stu.id }}">编辑</a> | <a href="/stu_delete?id={{ stu.id }}">删除</a></td>
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
    </tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

stu_select.py文件中的内容:

from flask import Blueprint
from flask import render_template
from student_data import STUDENT

stu_blueprint = Blueprint(‘stu_bp‘, __name__, template_folder=‘html‘, static_folder=‘static‘)


@stu_blueprint.route(‘/stu_list‘)
def stu_list():
    return render_template(‘stu_list.html‘, student=STUDENT)

 student/__init__.py文件中的内容:

from flask import Flask
from student_select import stu_select


def create_app():
    app = Flask(__name__)
    app.register_blueprint(stu_select.stu_blueprint)
    
    return app  

3.3使用Flask蓝图,添加一个学生

技术分享图片

stu_add.html中内容

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <title>添加学生</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" method="post">
    ID:    <input type="text" name="id"> <br>
    姓名: <input type="text" name="name"> <br>
    年龄: <input type="text" name="age"> <br>
    性别: <input type="text" name="gender"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="添加学生">
</form>
</body>
</html>  

stu_add.py中的内容

from flask import Blueprint
from flask import redirect
from flask import request
from flask import render_template
from student_data import STUDENT

stu_add = Blueprint(‘stu_add‘, __name__, template_folder=‘html‘)


@stu_add.route(‘/stu_add‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘])
def stu_add_view():
    if request.method == ‘POST‘:
        stu_dic = {
            ‘id‘: request.form[‘id‘],
            ‘name‘: request.form[‘name‘],
            ‘age‘: request.form[‘age‘],
            ‘gender‘: request.form[‘gender‘],
        }
        STUDENT.append(stu_dic)
        
        return redirect(‘/stu_list‘)
    return render_template(‘stu_add.html‘)

 student/__init__.py文件中的内容

from flask import Flask
from student_select import stu_select
from student_add import stu_add


def create_app():
    app = Flask(__name__)
    app.register_blueprint(stu_select.stu_blueprint)
    app.register_blueprint(stu_add.stu_add)

    return app  

3.4使用Flask蓝图,修改学生信息

技术分享图片

stu_update.html文件中的内容:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <title>学生列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="id" hidden value="{{ student.id }}"><br>
    姓名:<input type="text" name="name" value="{{ student.name }}"><br>
    年龄:<input type="text" name="age" value="{{ student.age }}"><br>
    性别:<input type="text" name="gender" value="{{ student.gender }}"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="修改信息">
</form>
</body>
</html>  

 stu_update.py中的内容

from flask import Blueprint, request, render_template, redirect
from student_data import STUDENT

stu_update = Blueprint(‘stu_update‘, __name__, template_folder=‘html‘)


@stu_update.route(‘/stu_update/<nid>‘, methods=[‘GET‘, ‘POST‘])
def stu_update_view(nid):
    if request.method == ‘POST‘:
        stu_id = request.form[‘id‘]
        stu_dic = {
            ‘id‘: stu_id,
            ‘name‘: request.form[‘name‘],
            ‘age‘: request.form[‘age‘],
            ‘gender‘: request.form[‘gender‘],
        }
        for index, stu in enumerate(STUDENT):
            if stu[‘id‘] == stu_id:
                STUDENT[index] = stu_dic

        return redirect(‘/stu_list‘)
    for stu in STUDENT:
        if stu[‘id‘] == nid:
            return render_template(‘stu_update.html‘, student=stu)
    return render_template(‘stu_update.html‘, student=‘‘)  

 student/__init__.py文件中的内容:

from flask import Flask
from student_select import stu_select
from student_add import stu_add
from student_update import stu_update


def create_app():
    app = Flask(__name__)
    app.register_blueprint(stu_select.stu_blueprint)
    app.register_blueprint(stu_add.stu_add)
    app.register_blueprint(stu_update.stu_update)

    return app

3.5使用Flask蓝图,删除学生信息

  

 

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