Dockerfile简单使用实战

Posted 2021-01-21

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利用Dockerfile制作java运行环境的镜像

当前用到的环境是：
Centos 7.5
docker-ce 18.06.1-ce

1、先用centos7.5.1804的基础镜像把一些运行需要的环境装好
在/app目录下创建相对应的文件目录

[[email protected] /app/]# mkdir dockerfile/{web/{nginx,tomcat,jdk,apache},system/{centos,ubuntu,redhat}}  -pv

[[email protected] /app]# cd dockerfile/system/centos/

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos]# mkdir centos-7.5-base

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos]# cd centos-7.5-base

创建一个Dockerfile文件

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/centos-7.5-base]#vim Dockerfile 
#Nginx Base Image
FROM centos:7.5.1804

LABEL maintaier "mr.luo <[email protected]>"

RUN yum install -y vim wget pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel iproute net-tools iotop

创建一个用于直接docker build脚本后续直接执行脚本即可

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/centos-7.5-base]#vim build-command.sh 
#!/bin/bash
docker build -t 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos-base:7.5.1804 .

执行脚本创建新镜像

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/centos-7.5-base]#bash build-command.sh 
Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB
Step 1/3 : FROM centos:7.5.1804
---> 76d6bc25b8a5
Step 2/3 : LABEL maintaier ‘[email protected]‘
---> Using cache
---> 05ccd970d71d
Step 3/3 : RUN yum install -y vim wget   pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel iproute net-tools iotop
---> Using cache
---> 73d683a54877
Successfully built 73d683a54877
Successfully tagged 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos-base:7.5.1804

2、利用制作好的基础环境镜像制作jdk的镜像
从centos-7.5-base退出来在当前目录创建一个jdk1.8的目录.

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/centos-7.5-base]# cd ..
[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos]# mkdir jdk1.8
[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos]# cd jdk1.8/

创建Dockerfile

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/jdk1.8]#vim Dockerfile 
FROM 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos-base:7.5.1804
LABEL maintainer "mr.luo <[email protected]>"

ADD jdk-8u162-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
RUN ln -s /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_162/ /usr/local/jdk

ADD profile /etc/profile

ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk
ENV JRE_HOME $JAVA_HOME/jre
ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/:$JRE_HOME/lib/
ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

RUN rm -rf /etc/localtime && ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone

上传jdk包到当前目录下：

复制/etc/profile文件到当前目录

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/jdk1.8]#cp profile /etc/profile

在profile最后添加jdk的环境变量

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/jdk1.8]#vim profile 
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export TOMCAT_HOME=/apps/tomcat
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$TOMCAT_HOME/bin:$PATH
export  CLASSPATH=.$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

创建docker build的shell脚本

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/jdk1.8]#vim build-command.sh 
#!/bin/bash
#
docker build -t 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos7.5-jdk:8.162 .

开始制作镜像

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/jdk1.8]#bash build-command.sh 
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  189.8MB
    Step 1/10 : FROM 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos-base:7.5.1804
     ---> 73d683a54877
    Step 2/10 : LABEL maintainer "mr.luo <[email protected]>"
     ---> Running in 65604dd1f392
    Removing intermediate container 65604dd1f392
     ---> c4720603ce38
    Step 3/10 : ADD jdk-8u162-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
     ---> bc98adffe1b4
    Step 4/10 : RUN ln -s /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_162/ /usr/local/jdk
     ---> Running in df5a6f67f9fd
    Removing intermediate container df5a6f67f9fd
     ---> 0ae1af0416c6
    Step 5/10 : ADD profile /etc/profile
     ---> eee23a69c0c8
    Step 6/10 : ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk
     ---> Running in edbef8563e83
    Removing intermediate container edbef8563e83
     ---> 5f783f642054
    Step 7/10 : ENV JRE_HOME $JAVA_HOME/jre
     ---> Running in fa0e5f08e732
    Removing intermediate container fa0e5f08e732
     ---> 28a4d31463d4
    Step 8/10 : ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/:$JRE_HOME/lib/
     ---> Running in 3c4ebb04ac62
    Removing intermediate container 3c4ebb04ac62
     ---> 245f2dd82d52
    Step 9/10 : ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
     ---> Running in 4f5e6093f0a9
    Removing intermediate container 4f5e6093f0a9
     ---> 5be0e6261eea
    Step 10/10 : RUN rm -rf /etc/localtime && ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone
     ---> Running in 52d8cb8463a8
    Removing intermediate container 52d8cb8463a8
     ---> 9fb867ae8c39
    Successfully built 9fb867ae8c39
    Successfully tagged 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos7.5-jdk:8.162

查看当前目录下的文件

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/jdk1.8]#ls
build-command.sh  Dockerfile  jdk-8u162-linux-x64.tar.gz  profile

检查制作好的镜像是否能正常使用

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/system/centos/jdk1.8]#docker run -it --rm 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos7.5-jdk:8.162 bash
[[email protected] /]# java -version 
java version "1.8.0_162"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_162-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.162-b12, mixed mode)
[[email protected] /]# date
Thu Nov 22 21:17:49 CST 2018
[[email protected] /]# exit
exit

3、做Tomcat的镜像
进入之前建好的/app/dockerfile/web/tomcat下,创建一个tomcat-base目录

[[email protected] ~]# cd /app/dockerfile/web/tomcat 
[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/web/tomcat]#mkdir tomcat-base

创建Dockerfile

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-base]#vim Dockerfile 
FROM 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos7.5-jdk:8.162

LABEL maintainer "mr.luo <[email protected]>"

RUN mkdir /apps
ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.33.tar.gz /apps
RUN ln -s /apps/apache-tomcat-8.5.33 /apps/tomcat

创建docker build脚本

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-base]#vim build-command.sh 
#!/bin/bash

docker build -t 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos-tomcat:8.5.33 .

执行创建镜像文件：

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-base]#bash build-command.sh 
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  9.625MB
    Step 1/5 : FROM 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos7.5-jdk:8.162
     ---> 9fb867ae8c39
    Step 2/5 : LABEL maintainer "mr.luo <[email protected]>"
     ---> Running in 9ce6fc4d2850
    Removing intermediate container 9ce6fc4d2850
     ---> b68755061b28
    Step 3/5 : RUN mkdir /apps
     ---> Running in b483c6b127f2
    Removing intermediate container b483c6b127f2
     ---> 605c1a048a5f
    Step 4/5 : ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.33.tar.gz /apps
     ---> 3c44f96ed41c
    Step 5/5 : RUN ln -s /apps/apache-tomcat-8.5.33 /apps/tomcat
     ---> Running in 4c1aa39a6c92
    Removing intermediate container 4c1aa39a6c92
     ---> 9b3bc4f58cc9
    Successfully built 9b3bc4f58cc9
    Successfully tagged 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos-tomcat:8.5.33

利用创建好的镜像起一个容器检查下是否成功制作好，启动时加上-p暴露端口，在物理机上测试下

[[email protected] /app/dockerfile/web/tomcat/tomcat-base]#docker run -it -p 8802:8080 172.20.7.50/baseimages/centos-tomcat:8.5.33 bash   
[[email protected] /]# cd /apps/
[[email protected] apps]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 220 Nov 22 22:08 apache-tomcat-8.5.33
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  26 Nov 22 22:08 tomcat -> /apps/apache-tomcat-8.5.33
[[email protected] apps]# ./tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /apps/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /apps/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /apps/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/jdk/jre
Using CLASSPATH:       /apps/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/apps/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

在客户端用浏览器测试

技术分享图片

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