union 和 union all的区别

Posted 2021-01-20

union 和 union all的区别

相同点和不同点

相同点：
union和union all 都是对于多个查询结果的并集进行操作
不同点：
1.union 不会输出两个结果并集的重复行
2.union all 会输出两个结果并集的重复行

实验表

字段解释：
xh：学号
xh：姓名
nl：年龄

create table student(xh number,xm varchar2(4),nl int);
insert into student values(1,‘A‘,21);
insert into student values(2,‘B‘,21);
insert into student values(3,‘A‘,21);
insert into student values(4,‘A‘,21);
insert into student values(5,‘A‘,21);
insert into student values(6,‘C‘,21);
insert into student values(7,‘B‘,21);

查看表

SQL> select * from student;

    XH XM           NL
---------- ------------ ----------
     1 A            21
     2 B            21
     3 A            21
     4 A            21
     5 A            21
     6 C            21
     7 B            21

7 rows selected.

SQL> 

例子

union

SQL> select * from student
  2  union
  3  select * from student where xm=‘A‘;

    XH XM           NL
---------- ------------ ----------
     1 A            21
     2 B            21
     3 A            21
     4 A            21
     5 A            21
     6 C            21
     7 B            21

7 rows selected.

SQL> 

union all

SQL> select * from student
  2  union all
  3  select * from student where xm=‘A‘;

    XH XM           NL
---------- ------------ ----------
     1 A            21
     2 B            21
     3 A            21
     4 A            21
     5 A            21
     6 C            21
     7 B            21
     1 A            21
     3 A            21
     4 A            21
     5 A            21

11 rows selected.

SQL>