PostGIS计算矢量切片--唯一值渲染

Posted 2021-01-14 polong

????没写错，是使用postgis计算出来矢量切片。在这之前先准备一个数据:一个GIS数据表(本例中数据为一百万的点数据，坐标：4326),并在表中添加x,y字段，方便后面的数据筛选。sql中用到了
ST_AsMVT和ST_AsMVTGeom。

????本文中创建矢量切片很简单,就是使用下方的一个sql,运行结果如下图。接着写一个矢量切片的http服务(参考go-vtile-example，这个例子中矢量切片压缩率更高)，并且使用mapbox进行前端展示（小贴士:sql中‘points’的字符串与渲染中mapbox里的source-layer一致）.代码见最下方

SELECT ST_AsMVT(tile,‘points‘) tile  FROM(
SELECT ST_AsMVTGeom(geom,ST_MakeEnvelope(100,10,125,22, 4326),4096, 0, true)    
 AS geom FROM grid20180322 ) 
AS  tile where  tile.geom is not null

package main

import 
(   
    _ "github.com/lib/pq"
    "database/sql"
    "time"
    "log"
    "math"
    "errors"
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
    "regexp"
    "strconv"
    "strings"
)

func tilePathToXYZ(path string) (TileID, error) {
    xyzReg := regexp.MustCompile("(?P<z>[0-9]+)/(?P<x>[0-9]+)/(?P<y>[0-9]+)")
    matches := xyzReg.FindStringSubmatch(path)
    if len(matches) == 0 {
        return TileID{}, errors.New("Unable to parse path as tile")
    }
    x, err := strconv.ParseUint(matches[2], 10, 32)
    if err != nil {
        return TileID{}, err
    }
    y, err := strconv.ParseUint(matches[3], 10, 32)
    if err != nil {
        return TileID{}, err
    }
    z, err := strconv.ParseUint(matches[1], 10, 32)
    if err != nil {
        return TileID{}, err
    }
    return TileID{x: uint32(x), y: uint32(y), z: uint32(z)}, nil
}
type LngLat struct {
    lng float64
    lat float64
}
type TileID struct {
    x uint32
    y uint32
    z uint32
}

func tile2lon( x int,  z int)(a float64) {
    return float64(x) /math.Pow(2, float64(z)) * 360.0 - 180;
 }

 func tile2lat( y int,  z int)(a float64) {
   n := math.Pi - (2.0 * math.Pi * float64(y)) / math.Pow(2, float64(z));
   return math.Atan(math.Sinh(n))*180/math.Pi;
 }
 

func FloatToString(input_num float64) string {
    // to convert a float number to a string
    return strconv.FormatFloat(input_num, ‘f‘, 6, 64)
}

 func loadData(xyz TileID)(a []byte){
    ymax :=FloatToString(tile2lat(int(xyz.y), int(xyz.z)));
    ymin := FloatToString(tile2lat(int(xyz.y+1), int(xyz.z)));
    xmin := FloatToString(tile2lon(int(xyz.x), int(xyz.z)));
    xmax := FloatToString(tile2lon(int(xyz.x+1), int(xyz.z)));
    fmt.Println("ymax: ", ymax)
    fmt.Println("ymin: ",ymin)
    fmt.Println("xmin : ",xmin )
    fmt.Println("xmax : ",xmax )
    connStr := "dbname=xx user=xx password=xx host=localhost port=5433  sslmode=disable"
    db, err := sql.Open("postgres", connStr)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer db.Close()

    err = db.Ping()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    fmt.Println("Successfully connected!")
    var tile []byte
     s := []string{xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax}
     maxmin:=strings.Join(s, ",") 
     s2 := []string{" where (x between", xmin,"and",xmax,") and ( y between",ymin,"and",ymax,")"}
    wmaxmin:=strings.Join(s2, " ") 
    sql:="SELECT ST_AsMVT(tile,‘points‘) tile  FROM(SELECT ST_AsMVTGeom(w.geom,ST_MakeEnvelope("+maxmin+", 4326),4096, 0, true)  AS geom FROM (select geom from grid20180322"+wmaxmin+") w) AS  tile where  tile.geom is not null"
    rows1:= db.QueryRow(sql)
    err1 := rows1.Scan(&tile)
    if err1 != nil {
        log.Fatal(err1)
    }
    fmt.Println(sql)
    //defer rows1.Close()
    return tile
 }
func main(){
    //t1 := time.Now() 
    mux := http.NewServeMux()
    tileBase := "/tiles/"
    mux.HandleFunc(tileBase, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        t2 := time.Now() 
        log.Printf("url: %s", r.URL.Path)
        tilePart := r.URL.Path[len(tileBase):]
        fmt.Println("tilePart: ", tilePart)
        xyz, err := tilePathToXYZ(tilePart)
        fmt.Println("xyz: ", xyz)
        
        if err != nil {
            http.Error(w, "Invalid tile url", 400)
            return
        }
        tile:=loadData(xyz)
        
        // All this APi to be requests from other domains.
        w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/x-protobuf")
        w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*")
        w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, POST, OPTIONS")
        w.Write(tile)
        elapsed2 := time.Since(t2)
    
    fmt.Println("耗时: ", elapsed2)
    })
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8081", mux))
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
    <meta charset=‘utf-8‘ />
    <title>Add a third party vector tile source</title>
    <meta name=‘viewport‘ content=‘initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no‘ />
    <script src=‘mapbox-gl.js‘></script>
    <link href=‘mapbox-gl.css‘ rel=‘stylesheet‘ />
    <style>
        body {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        
        #map {
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            bottom: 0;
            width: 100%;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>

    <div id=‘map‘></div>
    <script>
        mapboxgl.accessToken = undenfined;
        var tileset = ‘mapbox.streets‘;
        var map = new mapboxgl.Map({
            container: ‘map‘,
            zoom: 12,
            center: [109.898625809072612, 19.106708155556731],
            style: ‘mapbox://styles/mapbox/light-v9‘,
            hash: false
        });

        map.on(‘load‘, function loaded() {
            map.addSource(‘custom-go-vector-tile-source‘, {
                type: ‘vector‘,
                tiles: [‘http://localhost:8081/tiles/{z}/{x}/{y}‘]
            });
            map.addLayer({
                id: ‘background‘,
                type: ‘background‘,
                paint: {
                    ‘background-color‘: ‘white‘
                }
            });
            map.addLayer({
                "id": "custom-go-vector-tile-layer",
                "type": "circle",
                "source": "custom-go-vector-tile-source",
                "source-layer": "points",
                paint: {
                    ‘circle-radius‘: {
                        stops: [
                            [8, 0.1],
                            [11, 0.5],
                            [15, 3],
                            [20, 20]
                        ]
                    },
                    ‘circle-color‘: ‘#e74c3c‘,
                    ‘circle-opacity‘: 1
                }
            });
        });
    </script>

</body>

</html>