常见Windows问题
Posted strongiwan
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端口占用问题：
1.查看指定端口占用情况
C:>netstat -ano|findstr "2003"
TCP 127.0.0.1:2003 127.0.0.1:2003 ESTABLISHED 1488
PID为1488的进程占用了端口2003
涉及命令：netstat
netstat -a 显示所有连接和监听端口
Active Connections--动态监视当前一层设备使用的TCP/IP协议
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State
TCP 0.0.0.0:21 1371155-pc01:0 LISTENING
TCP 0.0.0.0:22 1371155-pc01:0 LISTENING
netstat -b 显示在创建每个连接时所涉及的可执行文件
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State
[vmnat.exe]
TCP 10.72.0.237:56250 220.181.7.165:http ESTABLISHED
[avp.exe]
TCP 10.72.0.237:58242 bdc:microsoft-ds ESTABLISHED
[Skype.exe]
TCP 127.0.0.1:64108 1371155-pc01:nfsd-status ESTABLISHED
[Snip.exe]
TCP 127.0.0.1:64236 1371155-pc01:5939 ESTABLISHED
netstat -e 以太网统计 常跟 -s 一起使用
Interface Statistics Received Sent
Bytes 3673594919 3771384203
Unicast packets 125478144 112250667
Non-unicast packets 24162192 8191326
Discards 0 0
Errors 0 0
Unknown protocols 0
netstat -f 显示完全限定域名
TCP 10.72.0.237:49246 ksfile.foxlink-cn.com:microsoft-ds ESTABLISHED
TCP 10.72.0.237:49484 1371155-pc01.foxlink-cn.com:microsoft-ds ESTABLISHED
TCP 10.72.0.237:93210 270.111.7.195:http ESTABLISHED
TCP 10.72.0.237:98343 bdc.foxlink-cn.com:microsoft-ds ESTABLISHED
netstat -n 以数字形式显示地址和端口号
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State
TCP 10.72.0.237:445 10.72.0.237:49484 ESTABLISHED
TCP 10.72.0.237:445 10.72.0.244:52741 ESTABLISHED
netstat -o 动态显示与每个连接相关的所属进程 ID
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State PID
TCP 10.72.0.237:49246 ksfile:microsoft-ds ESTABLISHED 4
TCP 10.72.0.237:49484 1371155-pc01:microsoft-ds ESTABLISHED 8200
TCP 10.72.0.237:56250 220.181.7.165:http ESTABLISHED 1612
netstat -p proto proto可以是IP、IPv6、ICMP、ICMPv6、TCP、TCPv6、UDP 或 UDPv6 ， 与 -s 连用就是字节数据统计
例子：netstat -p tcp
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State
TCP 10.72.0.237:445 1371155-pc01:49484 ESTABLISHED
TCP 10.72.0.237:445 1371219-pc01:52741 ESTABLISHED
netstat -r 路由表
Active Routes:
Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric
127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
119.233.0.0 255.255.0.0 On-link 169.234.245.73 236
119.214.0.0 255.255.0.0 On-link 169.234.196.155 236
119.254.196.155 255.255.255.255 On-link 169.234.136.135 276
===========================================================================
Persistent Routes:
Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.72.0.239 Default
===========================================================================
IPv6 Route Table
===========================================================================
Active Routes:
If Metric Network Destination Gateway
1 306 ::1/128 On-link
1 306 ff00::/8 On-link
===========================================================================
Persistent Routes:
None
netstat -s 显示按协议统计信息。默认地，显示 IP、 IPv6、ICMP、ICMPv6、TCP、TCPv6、UDP 和 UDPv6 的统计信息
IPv4 Statistics
Packets Received = 33071337
Received Header Errors = 6759793
Received Address Errors = 1045341
Datagrams Forwarded = 0
Unknown Protocols Received = 0
Received Packets Discarded = 181799
Received Packets Delivered = 26327404
Output Requests = 24167958
Routing Discards = 0
Discarded Output Packets = 241114
Output Packet No Route = 1
Reassembly Required = 0
Reassembly Successful = 0
Reassembly Failures = 0
Datagrams Successfully Fragmented = 0
Datagrams Failing Fragmentation = 0
Fragments Created = 0
netstat -t 显示当前连接卸载状态
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State Offload State
TCP 127.0.0.1:61546 1371155-pc01:nfsd-status FIN_WAIT_2 InHost
TCP 127.0.0.1:62024 1371155-pc01:nfsd-status ESTABLISHED InHost
2.通过PID查看进程名称
C:>tasklist|findstr "1488"
test.exe 1488 Console 1 212 K
tasklist /v|findstr "Skype.exe" 显示详细信息 ImageName PID Session Name Session# Mem Usage Status User Name CPU Time Window Title Skype.exe 2304 Console 1 122,032 K Running FOXLINK1371155 0:14:05 Skype Skype.exe 5700 Console 1 52,496 K Unknown FOXLINK1371155 0:05:27 N/A Skype.exe 1756 Console 1 6,244 K Unknown FOXLINK1371155 0:00:00 N/A Skype.exe 7220 Console 1 203,988 K Running FOXLINK1371155 0:16:14 Rtc Video PnP Listener Skype.exe 6692 Console 1 1,964 K Running FOXLINK1371155 0:00:00 crash service Skype.exe 5768 Console 1 5,648 K Unknown FOXLINK1371155 0:00:00 N/A 利用进程的PID结束进程 命令格式：ntsd -c q -p pid 命令范例： ntsd -c q -p 1332 （结束explorer.exe进程） 利用进程名结束进程 命令格式：ntsd -c q -pn ***.exe （***.exe 为进程名,exe不能省）
3.结束进程
C:>taskkill /f /t /im test.exe
4.打印机无法打印
a. cmd 下输入services.msc 启动Windows服务管理器 b.找到print spooler打印机服务做重启操作----确保服务正常 c.保证已经安装正确版本打印机驱动 d.PC -> 打印机 两者间网络必须联通
5.输入法小事
a. CMD下输入ctfmon.exe 重新执行此程序 b.控制面板->语言->区域和语言->文本服务和输入语言设置对话框->常规重新选一下输入法->语言栏选择停靠于任务栏
6.添加FTP/Telnet等其他程序
a. cmd下输入appwiz.cpl -> 打开或关闭Windows程序(这些程序采用的是易插拔的理念，本来就存在系统中)
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