序列化组件

Posted 2021-01-12 xujinjin18

 

序列化组件

把后端的数据对象序列化成json格式的字符串传到前端

一  Django内置的serializers（把对象序列化成json字符串）

from django.core import serializers

from django.core import serializers
def test(request):
    book_list = Book.objects.all()    
    ret = serializers.serialize("json", book_list)
    return HttpResponse(ret)

###

二 rest-framework序列化之Serializer

models部分:

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class Book(models.Model):
    title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    price=models.IntegerField()
    pub_date=models.DateField()
    publish=models.ForeignKey("Publish")
    authors=models.ManyToManyField("Author")
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class Publish(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email=models.EmailField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Author(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age=models.IntegerField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

view部分：

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
# Create your views here.
from api import models
from rest_framework.views import  APIView #API
from rest_framework import serializers #序列化
from rest_framework.response import Response #前端有样式

# 如果要用rest_framework的序列化，必须写一个类
class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    # 如果想重命名，指定source
    xx=serializers.CharField(source=‘title‘)
    price=serializers.CharField()
    pub_date=serializers.DateField()
    publish=serializers.CharField(source=‘publish.email‘) #这个拿到的是publish表里的email字段值
    # publish=serializers.CharField() #外键，这个拿到的是对象


class Book(APIView):
    def get(self,request):
        # request.data

        ret=models.Book.objects.all()
        # ret 是queryset对象，many=True代表序列化多条，many=False 代表序列化一条
        book_ser=BookSerializer(ret,many=True)
        print(book_ser.data) #序列化完成后的字典
        return Response(book_ser.data) #带样式
        # return HttpResponse(json.dumps(book_ser.data))
    def post(self,request):
        print(request.data)
        print(request.POST)
        return HttpResponse(‘ok‘)