cobbler集群网络装机
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Centos7.X版本安装cobbler
vim /etc/selinux/config #关闭selinux
setenforce 0 #半关闭
chkconfig iptables off #开机不自启
iptables -F #清空防火墙
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl stop firewalld #关闭防火墙
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl disable firewalld #开机不自启
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release #查看linux版本
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[[email protected] ~]# uname -r #查看内核版本
3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
[[email protected] ~]# yum clean all #清理缓存
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum makecache #建立缓存
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install epel-release #
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart debmirror
#pykickstart #自动配置kickstart脚本端
#debmirror #能够被PXE引导的引导文件的软件包
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install httpd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -an |grep 25151
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25151 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status httpd #查看apache状态
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 三 2018-09-12 16:11:25 CST; 3h 7min ago
Docs: man:httpd(8)
man:apachectl(8)
Main PID: 1448 (httpd)
Status: "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic: 0 B/sec"
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
├─1448 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─1449 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─1450 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─1451 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─1452 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
└─1453 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
9月 12 16:10:24 bogon systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
9月 12 16:10:55 bogon httpd[1448]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the se...age
9月 12 16:11:25 bogon systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status cobblerd #查看cobbler状态
● cobblerd.service - Cobbler Helper Daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 三 2018-09-12 16:18:02 CST; 3h 3min ago
Process: 1498 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/touch /usr/share/cobbler/web/cobbler.wsgi (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 1497 (cobblerd)
CGroup: /system.slice/cobblerd.service
└─1497 /usr/bin/python2 -s /usr/bin/cobblerd -F
9月 12 16:18:02 bogon systemd[1]: Starting Cobbler Helper Daemon...
9月 12 16:18:02 bogon systemd[1]: Started Cobbler Helper Daemon.
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
272 next_server: 192.168.10.10
384 server: 192.168.10.10
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
default: off
description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer
protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless
workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers,
and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /tftpboot
disable = no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
~
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler get-loaders #更新补丁
task started: 2018-09-12_195923_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Wed Sep 12 19:59:23 2018)
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi
TASK COMPLETE
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd #开启rsync
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/debmirror.conf
Download options
$host="ftp.debian.org";$passwd="[email protected]";
br/>$user="anonymous";
$passwd="anonymous@";
$remoteroot="debian";
$download_method="ftp";
#@dists="sid"; #注释掉br/>@sections="main,main/debian-installer,contrib,non-free";
#@arches="i386"; #注释掉
[[email protected] ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt $(openssl rand -hex 4)
Password:
$1$19017682$.wZFJpkl.qP88idfa34IK/
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
default_password_crypted: "$1$19017682$.wZFJpkl.qP88idfa34IK/"
安装栅设备隔离 #centos6是有cman的，centos7是没有cman的，如果报错，是正常的。
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install cman fence-agents
用cobbler管理DHCP，修改242行manage_dhcp: 0
vim /etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp: 1
#防止循环装系统，适用于服务器第一启动项是PXE启动，修改292行pxe_just_once: 0 #修改为1
285 # if this setting is set to 1, cobbler systems that pxe boot 如果这个设置被设置为1，pxe启动的cobbler系统
286 # will request at the end of their installation to toggle the 在安装结束时，将请求关闭
287 # --netboot-enabled record in the cobbler system record. This eliminates 在cobbler系统记录中启用了netboot-enabled记录。这就消除了
288 # the potential for a PXE boot loop if the system is set to PXE 如果系统被设置为PXE，那么PXE启动循环的潜力
289 # first in it‘s Bios order. Enable this if PXE is first in your BIOS 首先是BIOS的顺序。如果PXE在您的BIOS中首先出现，则启用此功能
290 # boot order, otherwise leave this disabled. See the manpage 启动订单，否则将禁用此功能。看到从
291 # for --netboot-enabled. 支持netboot-启用。
292 pxe_just_once: 1
#修改完后重启服务再进行一次检测
[[email protected] system]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[[email protected] system]# yum -y install dhcp
[[email protected] system]# cp -a /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
cp：是否覆盖"/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf"？ y
[[email protected] system]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.10.100 192.168.10.200;
option routers 192.168.10.2;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}
next-server 192.168.10.10;
filename="pxelinux.0";
[[email protected] system]# systemctl restart dhcpd
[[email protected] system]# systemctl enable dhcpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service.
[[email protected] system]# yum -y install xinetd #在centos7里没有xinetd
[[email protected] system]# systemctl enable xinetd
[[email protected] system]# systemctl restart xinetd
[[email protected] system]# systemctl restart tftp
[[email protected] system]# systemctl enable tftp
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/tftp.socket to /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket.
[[email protected] system]# cobbler sync
[[email protected] system]# cobbler check #检测配置文件
No configuration problems found. All systems go.
#挂载镜像[[email protected] system]# mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom
[[email protected] system]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0
[[email protected] system]# mount -a
#导入镜像
[[email protected] system]# cobbler import --name="centos7-x86_64" --path=/mnt/cdrom/
task started: 2018-09-16_113922_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Sun Sep 16 11:39:22 2018)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos7-x86_64
creating new profile: centos7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64 for centos7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/repodata/comps.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/repodata
TASK COMPLETE
[[email protected] mnt]# cobbler distro list #查看镜像列表
centos7-x86_64
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ 镜像存放目录
[[email protected] ks_mirror]# cobbler profile list #查看生成的剧本
centos7-x86_64
[[email protected] ks_mirror]# cobbler profile remove --name=centos7-x86_64 #删除剧本文件
[[email protected] kickstarts]# cobbler list
distros:
centos7-x86_64
profiles:
systems:
repos:
images:
mgmtclasses:
packages:
files:
[[email protected] kickstarts]# cobbler distro report --name=centos7-x86_64 #查看安装镜像文件信息
Name : centos7-x86_64
Architecture : x86_64
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Breed : redhat
Comment :
Fetchable Files : {}
Initrd : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img
Kernel : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz
Kernel Options : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart Metadata : {‘tree‘: ‘http://@@[email protected]@/cblr/links/centos7-x86_64‘}
Management Classes : []
OS Version : rhel7
Owners : [‘admin‘]
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
[[email protected] kickstarts]# ls
default.ks install_profiles sample_autoyast.xml sample_esxi4.ks sample.ks
esxi4-ks.cfg legacy.ks sample_end.ks(默认使用的kickstarts文件) sample_esxi5.ks sample_old.seed
esxi5-ks.cfg pxerescue.ks sample_esx4.ks sample_esxi6.ks sample.seed
#找一个centos7-x86_64.cfg文件 拷贝到/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts目录下
[[email protected] kickstarts]# cobbler profile add --name=centos7-basic --distro=centos7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86_64.cfg # #指定ks文件名称，导入镜像文件名称，导入剧本文件，把ks文件和镜像文件联立起来
如果想做多个系统，首先上传镜像文件，生成ks剧本文件，然后把剧本文件和镜像文件联立起来
cobbler profile edit --name=centos7-basic --kopts=‘net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0‘ #修改网卡名称，使用eth0名称
#指定
cobbler system add --name=a1 --mac=00:0c:29:6f:b7:4c --profile=centos7-basic --ip-address=192.168.10.20 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --interface=eth0 --static=1 --gateway=192.168.10.2 --hostname=www.wk.com --name-servers="114.114.114.114"
cobbler system list #查看指定主机
自定义安装系统: #cobble默认使用的是https连接
每次安装系统都要选择，比较麻烦，那么我们指定MAC地址进行安装，就可以达到自动安装无需再选择操作系统，即使有多个操作系统，只要指定操作系统和MAC地址就可以自动安装
#cobbler WEB端配置：账户密码都是cobbler
选择--系统--创建新系统
#定义系统信息
#配置全局网络信息，网关，DNS
#配置网卡信息 eth0 eth1
注意选择 static
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