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概述
抽象工厂模式为创建一组对象提供了一种解决方案。与工厂方法模式相比,抽象工厂模式中的具体工厂不只是创建一种产品,它负责创建一组产品。抽象工厂模式定义如下:
抽象工厂模式(Abstract Factory Pattern):提供一个创建一系列相关或相互依赖对象的接口,而无须指定它们具体的类。抽象工厂模式又称为Kit模式,它是一种对象创建型模式。
描述需求
分别往SQLserver、mysql、sqliter数据库中添加用户和部门数据。
抽象工厂实现代码
/// <summary>
/// 顶层抽象工厂
/// </summary>
public interface IFacatory
IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser();
IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment();
/// <summary>
/// 具体工厂
/// </summary>
public class SqlliteFacatory : IFacatory
public IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment()
return new SqlliteDepartment();
public IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser()
return new SqliteUser();
/// <summary>
/// 具体工厂
/// </summary>
public class MysqlFacatory : IFacatory
public IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment()
return new MysqlDepartment();
public IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser()
return new MysqlUser();
/// <summary>
/// 具体工厂
/// </summary>
public class SqlserverFacatory : IFacatory
public IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment()
return new SqlServerDepartment();
public IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser()
return new SqlServerUser();
/// <summary>
/// 用户类
/// </summary>
public class User
public string Name get; set;
public int Id get; set;
/// <summary>
/// 抽象的产品
/// </summary>
public interface IDatabaseUser
void InsertUser(User user);
User GetUser(int id);
/// <summary>
/// 具体的产品
/// </summary>
public class SqlServerUser: IDatabaseUser
public void InsertUser(User user)
Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqlServerUser:user.Name");
public User GetUser(int id)
Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:id的用户");
return null;
/// <summary>
/// 具体的产品
/// </summary>
public class MysqlUser : IDatabaseUser
public void InsertUser(User user)
Console.WriteLine($"插入了MysqlUser:user.Name");
public User GetUser(int id)
Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:id的用户");
return null;
/// <summary>
/// 具体的产品
/// </summary>
public class SqliteUser : IDatabaseUser
public void InsertUser(User user)
Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqliteUser:user.Name");
public User GetUser(int id)
Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:id的用户");
return null;
/// <summary>
/// 部门类
/// </summary>
public class Department
public string Name get; set;
public int Id get; set;
/// <summary>
/// 抽象的产品
/// </summary>
public interface IDatabaseDepartment
void InsertDepartment(Department department);
Department GetDepartment(int id);
/// <summary>
/// 具体的产品
/// </summary>
public class SqlServerDepartment : IDatabaseDepartment
public void InsertDepartment(Department department)
Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqlServerDepartment部门:department.Name");
public Department GetDepartment(int id)
Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:id的部门");
return null;
/// <summary>
/// 具体的产品
/// </summary>
public class MysqlDepartment : IDatabaseDepartment
public void InsertDepartment(Department department)
Console.WriteLine($"插入了MysqlDepartment部门:department.Name");
public Department GetDepartment(int id)
Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:id的部门");
return null;
/// <summary>
/// 具体的产品
/// </summary>
public class SqlliteDepartment : IDatabaseDepartment
public void InsertDepartment(Department department)
Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqlliteDepartment部门:department.Name");
public Department GetDepartment(int id)
Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:id的部门");
return null;
//C#控制台调用
Console.WriteLine("抽象工厂");
User user = new();
user.Name = "mhg";
user.Id = 1;
//变化点
IFacatory facatory=new SqlserverFacatory(); //MysqlFacatory //SqlliteFacatory
IDatabaseUser databaseUser = facatory.GetDatabaseUser();
databaseUser.InsertUser(user);
databaseUser?.GetUser(user.Id);
Department department = new Department();
department.Name = "研发部";
department.Id = 2;
IDatabaseDepartment databaseDepartment= facatory.GetDatabaseDepartment();
databaseDepartment.InsertDepartment(department);
databaseDepartment?.GetDepartment(department.Id);
以上就用抽象工厂实现的全部代码,该代码中IFacatory做为抽象工厂,SqlserverFacatory、MysqlFacatory、SqliteFacatory作为具体的产品工厂来生产产品;IDatabaseUser和IDatabaseDepartment为抽象的产品分别生产具体的产品SqlServerUser、MysqlUser、SqliteUser和SqlServerDepartment、MysqlDepartment、SqlliteDepartment。
总结
这个需求也可以用工厂模式实现,但每增加一个产品,就必须增加一个工厂类,而用抽象工厂可以缩减创建子类工厂的数量,不必给每一个产品增加工厂类,可以对产品进行分组,每组中的不同产品由同一个工厂类的不同方法来创建。
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