使用salt-ssh初始化系统安装salt-minion

Posted 2021-01-07 cyleon

salt-ssh介绍及使用方法

 

在ssh上执行salt命令和状态而不安装salt-minion，类似于ansible。

1. salt-ssh的安装：

[[email protected] ~]# yum install salt-ssh -y
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# rpm -qa salt-ssh
salt-ssh-2018.3.2-1.el7.noarch

2. Roster的使用：

Roster 系统为可插拔设计，可以非常方便地加入到已有的系统中，用于 Salt SSH 获取需要连接的服务器信息。默认情况下 Roster 文件本地路径为：/etc/salt/roster。

Roster 系统编译了一个内部数据结构，称为 Targets。Targets 是一个目标系统和关于如何连接到系统属性的列表。对于一个在 Salt 中的 Roster 模块来说，唯一要求是返回 Targets 数据结构：

<SaltID>：     # 目标 ID
  host：       # 远程主机的 IP 地址或者主机名
  user：       # 可以登录的用户
  passwd：     # 可以登录用户的密码
# 可选参数
  port：       # SSH 端口
  sudo：       # 是否运行 sudo，设置 True 或者 False
  priv：       # SSH 私钥的路径，默认是 salt-ssh.rsa
  timeout：    # 连接 SSH 时的超时时间
  thin_dir：   # 目标系统 Salt 的存储路径，默认是 /tmp/salt-<hash>

3. 修改roster配置文件，添加测试主机：

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/salt/roster 
linux-node2:
    host: 192.168.25.92
    user: root
    passwd: 123456
    port: 22
linux-node3:
    host: 192.168.25.93
    user: root
    passwd: 123456
    port: 22

4. 使用salt-ssh远程执行命令：

[[email protected] ~]# salt-ssh ‘*‘ test.ping
linux-node2:
    True
linux-node3:
    True
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# salt-ssh ‘*‘ -r ‘free -m‘
linux-node3:
    ----------
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
        [email protected]192.168.25.93‘s password: 
                      total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
        Mem:           1985          95        1657          20         232        1721
        Swap:          2047           0        2047
linux-node2:
    ----------
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
                      total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
        Mem:           1985         100        1516           8         369        1716
        Swap:          2047           0        2047

如果上面没有在roster中配置passwd，则第一次运行 Salt SSH 会提示进行 salt-ssh key 的部署，需要在 Rosters 中配置用户的密码，即可进行 Key 的部署，初始化代码如下：

[[email protected] ~]# salt-ssh ‘linux-node2‘ -r ‘free -m‘ 
Permission denied for host linux-node2, do you want to deploy the salt-ssh key? (password required):
[Y/n] Y
Password for [email protected]node2: 
linux-node2:
    ----------
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
                      total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
        Mem:           1985         100        1515           8         369        1716
        Swap:          2047           0        2047

5. 执行状态命令，初始化系统，安装salt-minion：

[[email protected] ~]# cat /srv/salt/base/init/minion.sls 
salt-minion-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: salt-minion

salt-minion-conf:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/salt/minion
    - source: salt://init/files/minion
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644
    - template: jinja
    - default:
      ID: {{ grains[‘ipv4‘] [1] }}
    - require:
      - pkg: salt-minion-install

salt-minion-service:
  service.running:
    - name: salt-minion
    - enable: True
    - watch:
       - file: /etc/salt/minion

[[email protected]-node1 ~]# salt-ssh ‘linux-node2‘ state.sls init.minion
linux-node2:
----------
          ID: salt-minion-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: salt-minion
      Result: True
     Comment: The following packages were installed/updated: salt-minion
     Started: 22:04:21.462901
    Duration: 10700.117 ms
     Changes:   
              ----------
              salt-minion:
                  ----------
                  new:
                      2018.3.2-1.el7
                  old:
----------
          ID: salt-minion-conf
    Function: file.managed
        Name: /etc/salt/minion
      Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/salt/minion updated
     Started: 22:04:32.193498
    Duration: 140.611 ms
     Changes:   
              ----------
              diff:
                  --- 
                  +++ 
                  @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
                   # Since salt uses detached ids it is possible to run multiple minions on the
                   # same machine but with different ids, this can be useful for salt compute
                   # clusters.
                  -id: 192.168.25.92
                  +id: 192.168.25.91
                   
                   # Cache the minion id to a file when the minion‘s id is not statically defined
                   # in the minion config. Defaults to "True". This setting prevents potential
              mode:
                  0644
----------
          ID: salt-minion-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: salt-minion
      Result: True
     Comment: Service salt-minion has been enabled, and is running
     Started: 22:04:33.108610
    Duration: 451.682 ms
     Changes:   
              ----------
              salt-minion:
                  True

Summary for linux-node2
------------
Succeeded: 3 (changed=3)
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     3
Total run time:  11.292 s

salt-ssh ‘linux-node2‘ state.sls init.minion

总结：

salt-minion方法是salt-mater先执行语法验证，验证通过后发送到minion
minion收到Msater的状态文件默认保存在/var/cache/salt/minion
注意：也有时候salt-master语法验证通过，在minion上可能因为环境问题会执行失败